Section 1 Flashcards
Definition of a direct obligation towards animals
Animals are part of our moral community therefore have moral standing
Definition of an indirect obligation towards animals
Animals are not part of our moral community therefore do not have moral standing
How many main animal welfare philosophies are there?
5
What are the animal welfare philosophies?
Contractarian view
Utilitarian view
Animal rights view
Relational view
Respect for Nature view
What is the contractarian view?
Morality is based on a contract between individuals. Mutual cooperation, based on self interest.
According to the contactarian view are animals PART of the moral community
No, they cant enter a contract
What is the utilitarian view?
Based on consequenses (should produce best)
According to the utilitarian view are animals PART of the moral comunity?
Yes
What os the animals rights view?
Animals have rights and value
Is killing acceptable in animal rights view?
Only in self defence
According to the animal rights view are animals PART of the moral community?
Yes
What is the relational view?
Duties based on Ethics of care and emotional relations
What is the respect for nature view?
Based on potential extinction
What did Pythagoras propose?
Close connections between humans and animals
What did Pythagoras oppose?
The killing and consumption of animals
What did Aristotle argue?
Only humans have the capacity for speech and reason
According to Aristotle, were humans superior to animals?
Yes
What did St. Thomas Aquinas say about animals?
they do not have immortal souls
What did St. Thomas Aquinas say about mistreating animals?
Those who mistreat develop a cruel habit
What did Rene Descartes approve of and encourage?
Vivisections for knowledge
Did Rene Descartes think animals were rational?
No
What was Thomas Hobbes theory?
Social Contract Theory
What did Thomas Hobbes think of animals?
Since they have no language they cannot enter in contracts.
What was John Lockes theory?
Social Contract Theory
What was Immanuel Kant’s philosophy?
Moral philosophy
What principle did Immanuel Kant inroduce
Categorical imperative
What did Jeremy Bentham argue?
It was the consequences of actions that mattered
What was John Stuart Mills philosophy?
Utilitarianism
What is utilitarianism?
choice must be the best possible option
Does Peter Singer think about using animals?
It is absolutely unacceptable
What is Tom Regans Philosophy?
Animals rights
