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IT GCSE > Section 1 > Flashcards

Section 1 Flashcards

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1
Q

What is an algorithm?

A

A sequence of steps that can be followed in order to complete a task

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2
Q

List 3 examples of an algorithm

A

A recipe. Directions. Assembly instructions

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3
Q

What is computational thinking?

A

A process used to solve complex problems. It means formulating a problem and expressing its solution in such a way that a computer can carry it out

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4
Q

What are the two main stages of computational thinking?

A

Abstraction and decomposition

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5
Q

What is abstraction?

A

Abstraction involves identifying the key parts of the problem and removing any unnecessary detail so that it becomes easier to solve

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6
Q

What it decomposition?

A

Decomposition means breaking down a complex problem into smaller, more manageable parts which are easier to solve

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7
Q

What are the three steps of decomposition?

A
  1. Identify the main problem
  2. List the main sub-problems, functions or tasks
  3. Break these down into smaller sub-problems or tasks which can then be completed seperately
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8
Q

How do you represent a decision on a flowchart?

A

Diamond

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9
Q

What does a diamond represent on a flowchart?

A

Decision

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10
Q

How do you represent input/output on a flowchart?

A

Parallelogram

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11
Q

What does a parallelogram represent on a flowchart?

A

Input/output

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12
Q

How do you represent a process on a flowchart?

A

Rectangle

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13
Q

What does a rectangle represent on a flowchart?

A

Process

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14
Q

How do you represent a subroutine on a flowchart?

A

Rectangle with lines on either side

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15
Q

What does a rectangle with lines on either side represent on a flowchart?

A

Subroutine

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16
Q

How do you represent a terminal on a flowchart?

A

Oval

17
Q

What does an oval represent on a flowchart?

A

Terminal

18
Q

Name one issue with using flowcharts to develop algorithms?

A

It doesn’t usually translate very easily into program code

19
Q

What is pseudocode?

A

Pseudo-code is useful for developing an algorithm using programming-style constructs, but it is not an actual programming language.

20
Q

How do you represent assignment to a variable in pseudocode?

A

A backwards arrow

21
Q

Should you use separate input statements for each value to be inputted (pseudocode)

A

Yes

22
Q

Give three examples of an input device

A

Keyboard, mouse, sensor (moisture, pressure, temperature)

23
Q

Give three examples of an output

A

Printed report, valve opening/closing, graphics on a screen

24
Q

What is nested selection?

A

When an if statement contains at least one other if statement within it

IT GCSE (2 decks)

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