Section 1

Question 1

19…….s: Computers become cost effective for private companies, and storage capacity increases

Answer 1

60

Question 2

19………….: E. F. Codd proposes the …………. …………. for databases, disconnecting the logical organization from the physical storage

Answer 2

70-72

relational model

Question 3

19………: P. Chen proposes the ……….. ………. ……… for database design

Answer 3

76

entity relationship model (ERM)

Question 4

Early 19………s: The first commercially-available relational database systems start to appear at the beginning of the 1980s with ………. ……….

Answer 4

80

Oracle Version 2

Question 5

Mid-19………..s: SQL (……… ……… ………) becomes “intergalactic standard”

Answer 5

80

structured query language

Question 6

Early 19…….: An industry shakeout begins with fewer surviving companies. Oracle survives

Answer 6

90s

Question 7

Late ……….: The large investment in Internet companies
helps create a tools-market boom for Web/Internet/DB
connectors

Answer 7

1990s

Question 8

Early ………… century: Solid growth of DB applications continues.

Answer 8

21st

Examples: commercial websites (yahoo.com, amazon.com, google.com), government systems (Bureau of Citizenship and Immigration Services, Bureau of the Census), art museums, hospitals, schools, etc

Question 9

What are the 3 steps involved in Database Development Process?

Answer 9

1. Analyze
2. Design
3. Build

Question 10

An ……….. ………… …………. is a type of flowchart that illustrates how “entities” such as people, objects or concepts relate to each other within a system. ER Diagrams are most often used to design or debug relational databases in the fields of software engineering, business information systems, education and research

Answer 10

Entity Relationship (ER) Diagram

Question 11

……… ………. is the first step in the database development process

Answer 11

Data modeling

Question 12

Data Modeling involves ……….. and ………… the data that a business needs to ……….., and then diagramming the organization of that data in an ………. ………. ……….

Answer 12

collecting / analyzing / track

Entity Relationship Diagram

Question 13

Step two: the database design phase of the development process, translates the information modeled on the entity relationship diagram to a ……… ………. ………..

Answer 13

table instance chart

Question 14

The table instance chart lists the design specifications of the information and has the following components: 6

Answer 14

1. Table name
2. Column names
3. Keys
4. Nulls
5. Unique
6. Data type

Question 15

With table instance chart, Keys:

1. a ……… ……….. is the unique identifier for each row of data;
2. a ……….. ……….. links data in one table to the data in a second table by referring to the …….. column in the second table

Answer 15

1. primary key (PK)
2. foreign key (FK) / PK

Question 16

With table instance chart, Nulls: indicates if a column must contain a ………. ……….

Answer 16

value (mandatory)

Question 17

With table instance chart, unique: indicates if the value contained in a column is unique within the table

Answer 17

R 2

Question 18

With table instance chart, Data type: identifies the ……….. and ……….. of the data stored in each column

Answer 18

definition / format

Question 19

……….. ………… ……….. commands are used to build the physical structure of the database

Answer 19

Structured Query Language (SQL)

Question 20

SQL is also used to ……….., ……….., and ………. the data within the relational database

Answer 20

populate, access, and manipulate

Question 21

1. ……………..: programs (sets of instructions) which tell the hardware what to do
2. …………..: a software program which carries out specific tasks on behalf of computer users

Answer 21

1. Software
2. Application

Question 22

In a 2-tier system, clients communicate directly with servers.

In a 3-tier system, clients communicate with a third computer in the middle, which forwards the requests to the servers. The middle-tier computer is often called an ………. ……….. or ……….. ………..

Answer 22

application server / web server

Question 23

in the 1980s, Because the PCs had their own software and were capable of doing some processing on their own, they came to be known as “………. ………” or “…………”

Answer 23

smart clients / workstations

Question 24

In the ………….. model, all of an organization’s computers in different locations can be utilized just like a pool of computing resources

Answer 24

grid-computing

Grid computing builds a software infrastructure that can run on a large number of networked servers