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His Control > Secret Police > Flashcards

Secret Police Flashcards

1
Q

Names of the secret police

A

Cheka, OGPU, NKVD, KGB

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2
Q

Roles of the Cheka 1917- 21

A
  • gran req, helped close down newspapers etc…
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3
Q

During great terror: how many shot

A

200,000

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4
Q

Why did Cheka independence increase

A

so during civil war: act quickly

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5
Q

after the Civil War : Cheka organised into …

A

OGPU

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6
Q

After the civil war: did terror increase or decrease

A

decrease

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7
Q

what did the Cheka do after civil war

A
  • red army under surveillance
  • priests killed - 1000 , NEPMEN
  • deportation to Gulag - intellectuals
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8
Q

What was the Trial of Socialists Revs

A

in 1922 - 22 killled

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9
Q

Stalin: how many ppl killed in purges

A

20 million

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10
Q

3 main secrett police leaders under St

A

yagoda, yezhov, beria

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11
Q

When did Yagoda came to power

A

1934

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12
Q

what happened during Yagoda

A
  • rapid expansion of Gulag - industrialise
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13
Q

White Sea Cannal?

A
  • 180,000 prisoners, 10,000 died
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14
Q

when was Yagoda arrested

A

1938

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15
Q

when was Yagoda killed

A

1938 by Yezhov

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16
Q

Yezhov come to power

A

1937

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17
Q

How was yezhov called

A

bloody dwarf

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18
Q

number of detectives….

A

quadripled

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19
Q

what was the conveyor belt

A

speeded up process of arrest, trial, imprisonment

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20
Q

Karelian Troika … how many prisoner per day

A

231

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21
Q

Period of Yezhovschina

A

1937- 38

22
Q

Yezhovschina: how many arrested & executed

A

1.5m arrested –> 600,000 executed

23
Q

Yezhovschina: % of male pop killed

A

10

24
Q

Yezhovschina: how many personnel in how many months

A

3,000 in 6 months

25
Q

Yezhovschina: Impacts

A
  • stalin - stronger than ever - loyalty
  • demoralised pop
  • extent of control - unsustainable
26
Q

When was Yezhov arrested

A

1938

27
Q

When was Yezhov killed

A

1940 by Beria

28
Q

Stalin used Yezhov as a ….

A

Scapegoat

29
Q

When did Beria come to power

A
  • 1938- head of the NKVD
30
Q

what happened to the extent of terror with Beria

A
  • reduced ( public trials, only w/ solid evidence)
31
Q

Focus of Beria

A

productivity of labour camps

32
Q

reforms of Beria

A
  • introduced better food in labour camps

- no early release in gulags

33
Q

Beria: how much gold came from gulag

A
  • 1/ 3
34
Q

during WW2: what did the secret police do

A
  • surveillance of red army
35
Q

what was Smersh

A

during WW2 - special department to root out traitors - 4,000 poles

36
Q

after WW2: 3 events

A
  • Lenningrad Affaire 1949
  • Mingrellian Affaire 1951
  • 1.5m soviet prisoners of war interrogated
37
Q

when did Andropov come to power in secret police

A

1967

38
Q

who were dissidents

A

people who criticised the soviet gov

39
Q

4 type of dissidents

A
  • nationalists
  • religious
  • intellectuals
  • politicians
40
Q

2 intellectuals and wrote what books

A
  • Sakharov - Ussr and the world - peace Nobel prize

- Solzhenitsyn - Gulag Archipiélago - nobel lit prize

41
Q

dissidents: religion that faced restrictions

A
  • Baptists, Refuseniks
42
Q

actions taken against dissidents

A
  • surveillance and harrasments
  • psychiatric hosps
  • prevention
  • internas exile
  • inmigration
43
Q

how many pol prisoners 1970s

A
  • 10,000
44
Q

what was the new criminal code

A
  • no night time interrogations
  • secret police: - declare financial assets - no corruption
  • promoted en base of their success in dealing w/ dissidents
45
Q

who was sent to internal exile and where

A
  • Sakharov to Gorky
46
Q

who was sent to immigrate

A
  • Solzhenitsyn to USA
47
Q

When was the law & oder campaign introduced

A

1979

48
Q

why was law & order campaign introduced?

A
  • eco slowdown
  • war Afghanistan
  • corruption
49
Q

impact of dissidents

A
  • no threat to pol & soc stability

- leaked to the west - bag image

50
Q

why were there reasons for concern ?

this lead to ….

A
  • citizens saw slow improvements in standards of living
  • low wages
    this lead to - alcoholism, poor labour discipline, black market
51
Q

what was operation trawl

A

method to control work absenteeism

His Control (3 decks)

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