Secondary, Tertiary, and Quaternary structure Flashcards
What is ressonance
the molecule lives 100% of the time as a mix of resonance structures
- NOT that we flip flop between structures
What is a bond between 2 amino acids called
a peptide bond
Describe a primary structure of amino acids
a sequence of amino acids linked by covalent bonds
Describe the secondary structure of amino acids, and which type of bond is used?
3-D form of local segments of proteins
have hydrogen bonds between backbone atoms
Does the secondary structure use the backbone or the side chains?
the backbones (hydrogen bonds formed between them)
What is required for H-bonding?
Distance (less than 3.5), atom (F,O,N,), and geometry so that it maximizes dipole interactions
Hydrogen, donor, and acceptor re in straight line
What are the bonding specifics in alpha helixes
Hydrogen bonds between backbone carbonyl oxygen and amide H from 3.6 a.a. away
Where are side chains in amino acid alpha helixes
on the outside, preventing steric clash
Where does bonding occur in beta sheets
hydrogen bonds between neighboring backbone segments. Require 2 segments of amino acids
Antiparallel vs paralell
- Antiparalell: running in opposite directions
- Paralell: running in the same direction
What do loops and turns do
stabilize the connections between alpha helixes and beta sheets.
Fewer rules, repetitive loops between structure and using H bonds to hold shape
Alpha helix and beta sheets use what interaction to be made
Hydrogen bonds between backbone atoms
What limits the rotation of alpha helixes and beta sheets
phi and psi
How many atoms between hydrogen bonds in alpha helix
3.6
What makes up your tertiary structures
loops and turns, a helix, beta sheets
