Secondary Sociolisation- Pasons Flashcards
Secondary socialisation-passes on norms and values of wider society -prepares individuals for their future roles in adult life
Value of meritocracy e.g. School at target grades and student students are encouraged to beat them through hard work
E.g the National curriculum ensures that all students have to study the same course subjects and everyone has access to public exams like GCSEs & Alevles
Education is the bridge between the family and the workplace particularistic standards versus universal standards
What is one of the key functions of education according to Parsons?
Secondary socialisation
Schools pass on the norms and values of wider society and prepare individuals for their future roles in adult life.
What belief does education teach according to Parsons?
Meritocracy
The belief that individuals can achieve status based on ability and effort.
How do schools encourage students to achieve their target grades?
Through hard work
Students are encouraged to beat their target grades by putting in effort.
What does the National Curriculum ensure for all pupils?
Study the same core subjects
This ensures uniformity in education across different schools.
What type of exams do all students have access to?
Public exams like GCSEs and A-Levels
These exams are standardized assessments in the UK education system.
What type of standards are students judged by in education?
Universalistic standards
All students must meet the same criteria, such as receiving the same mark for an A grade.
In what way does education mirror the values of wider society?
Success is based on performance, not background
This reflects the belief that achievements should be earned through individual effort.
What does Parsons describe education as?
A bridge between the family and the workplace
This concept emphasizes the transition children make from home to society.
How are children treated at home according to Parsons?
According to particularistic standards and judged based on ascribed status
Examples of ascribed status include being the eldest child.
What type of standards do schools use to prepare students for adult society?
Universalistic standards
This means treating everyone equally, regardless of their background.
What does achieved status refer to in the context of education?
Status based on merit and individual achievement
This contrasts with ascribed status, which is given at birth.
What do wider society and the workplace expect from individuals?
To follow the same rules and be rewarded based on merit
This highlights the importance of fairness and equal opportunity.
Who are the main critics of Parsons’ view?
Marxists, such as Bowles and Gintis
They challenge the notion of meritocracy in education.
What do Bowles and Gintis argue about meritocracy?
They claim it is a myth
They believe children from wealthy backgrounds have an unfair advantage.
What do critics say about the impact of parental wealth on education?
It allows access to elite schools and high-status jobs regardless of ability
This undermines the idea of equal opportunity.
What does the existence of private education suggest about access to opportunities?
It contradicts the idea that everyone has equal access
This indicates systemic inequality in the education system.
Fill in the blank: According to critics, those who fail in the education system often _____ themselves rather than questioning the system.
blame
This reflects the internalization of societal inequalities.
