Secondary non-specific defences

Question 1

Neutrophils

Answer 1

• multi lobed nucleus
• manufactured in bone marrow
• contain large numbers of lysosomes
• engulf and digest pathogens

Question 2

Endocytosis

Answer 2

• neutrophils attaches to the opsonin binded to the antigen of the pathogen
• the pathogen is engulfed by endocytes forming a phagosome
• lysosomes fuse to the phagosome and release lytic enzymes into it
• after digestion the harmless products can be absorbed into the cells

Question 3

Macrophages

Answer 3

• large cells manufactured in the bone marrow
• found in the lymph nodes
• play an important role in initiating specific response
• the macrophage swallows the pathogen but the antigen is saved and moved to a special protein complex on the surface of the cell
• the becomes an antigen presenting cell