Second Year Flashcards
Crux, crucis
Cross
Classis, classis (abl = Classī or classe)
Fleet
Cohors, cohortis
Cohort (a division of a legion containing 600 men)
Cōnsul, cōnsulis, m.
Consul (2 consuls were elected each year at Rome to direct the govt)
Auctōritās, auctōritātis
Authority, influence
Lībertās, lībertātis
Liberty
Timor, timōris
Fear
Barbarus, a, um
Barbarian, foreign
Firmus, a, um
Strong, vigorous
Plūrimus, a, um
Very many, the greatest number, (pl.) the most
Idōneus, a, um; w/ dat. or “ad” w/ acc.
Suitable, proper, convenient
Proximus, a, um; w/ dat.
Nearest, next
Pāco, 1, tr.
Pacify
Incolō, incolere, incluī, 3, tr.
Inhabit, dwell in
Capiō, capere, cēpī, captus, 3, tr.
Take, capture
Cōnsilium capere
To make a plan
Faciō, facere, fēcī, factus, 3, tr.
Do, make
Iter facere
To march, to make a journey
Fugiō, fugere, fūgī, fugitūrus, 3, intr.
Flee
Cupiō, cupere, cupīvī, cupītus, 3, tr.
Desire
Jaciō, jacere, jēcī, jactus, 3, tr.
Throw, hurl
-ne
Particle used in asking questions (Added to emphatic word—generally to the verb—and put first in the sentence)
Num
Word used in asking questions when the answer “no” is expected
Nōnne
Word used in asking questions when the answer “yes” is expected (Generally first in its clause)
Quis, quid
Who, what
Ubi, adv.
Where
Cūr, adv.
Why
Redūcō, redūcere, redūxī, reductus, 3, tr.
Lead back, draw back
Rejiciō, rejicere, rejēcī, rejectus, 3, tr.
Hurl back, drive back, repel
Remittō, remittere, remīsī, remissus, 3, tr.
Send back, return, release
Repellō, repellere, reppulī, repulsus, 3, tr.
Beat back, drive back
Reprimō, reprimere, repressī, repressus, 3, tr.
Press back, check, restrain
Vīvō, vīvere, vīxī, vīctūrus, 3, intr.
Live
Praesidium, ī
Garrison, protection
Pīlum, ī
Javelin
Rogō, 1, tr.
Ask, request
Quot, indeclinable adj. (I.e., doesn’t change its form to agree with the word it modifies)
How many
Quantus, a, um
How large, how great
Quō, adv.
Whither, where (of motion)
Quaerō, quaerere, quaesīvī, quaesītus, 3, tr.
Seek, ask
Dolor, dolōris
Pain, sorrow
Aperiō, aperīre, aperuī, apertus, 4, tr.
Open, uncover, expose
Ego, meī
I (pl., we)
Tū, tuī
You
Meus, a, um
My, mine
Noster, nostra, nostrum
Our, ours, our own
Tuus, a, um
Your, yours, your own (of one person)
Vester, vestra, vestrum
Your, yours, your own (of more than one person)
Is, ea, id
He, she, it, they, etc.
That (pl., those)
Ējus
His, her, hers, its, of him, etc
Eōrum, eārum
Their, of them, etc
Suī
Himself, herself, itself, themselves
Suus, a, um
His (own), her (own), its (own), their (own)
Dēdō, dēdere, dēdidī, dēditus, 3, tr.
Give up, devote, surrender
Abdō, abdere, abdidī, abditus, 3, tr.
Hide, conceal
Recipiō, recipere, recēpī, receptus, 3, tr.
Take back
with a reflexive pronoun: withdraw, recover
Dējiciō, dējicere, dējēcī, dējectus, 3, tr.
Hurl down, cast down
Dējiciō, dējicere, dējēcī, dējectus, 3, tr.
Hurl down, cast down
Cōgō, cōgere, coēgī, coāctus, 3, tr.
Bring together, collect, force
Relinquō, relinquere, relīquī, relictus, 3, tr.
Leave, leave behind
Dīvidō, dīvidere, dīvīsī, dīvīsus, 3, tr.
Divide, separate
Fuga, ae
Flight
In fugam dō, dare, dedī, datus, 1, tr.
Put to flight
Ex (ē), prep. w/ abl.
Out of, from
Dē, prep. w/ abl.
Down from, out of, from, concerning (about), for (w/ causā)
Ab (ā), prep. w/ abl.
By (agent), away from, from
Hic, haec, hoc
This (pl., these)
Ille, illa, illud
That (pl., those)
He, she, it, they, etc.
Causa, ae
Cause, reason
Causā, proceeded by gen.
For the sake of
Ratiō, ratiōnis
Method, reason, plan, way
Dīligō, dīligere, dīlēxī, dīlēctus, 3, tr.
Love
Contrā, prep, w/ acc.
Against, opposite
Interficiō, interficere, interfēcī, interfectus, 3, tr.
Kill
Addūcō, addūcere, addūxī, adductus, 3, tr.
Lead to, induce, influence
Cōnspiciō, cōnspicere, cōnspexī, cōnspectus, 3, tr.
Observe, perceive
Cōnficiō, cōnficere, cōnfēcī, cōnfectus, 3, tr.
Accomplish, finish, exhaust
Accipiō, accipere, accēpī, acceptus, 3, tr.
Receive, take
Facilius, comp adverb
More easily
Ut, conj.
That, in order that (in purpose clauses)
Nē, conj.
That… not, in order that not (in negative purpose clauses)
Quō, conj.
That, in order that (in purpose clauses containing a comparative adj or adv)
ācer, ācris, ācre
Sharp, fierce, eager
celer, celeris, celere
Swift
studeō, studēre, studuī, 2, intr.; w. dat.
Am eager (for), strive (after), am devoted (to)
resistō, resistere, restitī, 3, intr.; w. dat.
Remain behind, resist, withstand
praesum, praeesse, praefuī, praefutūrus, irreg., intr.; w. dat.
Am over, am in command of
noceō, nocēre, nocuī, nocitūrus, 2, intr.; w. dat.
Harm, injure
praeficiō, praeficere, praefēcī, praefectus, 3, tr.; w. dat. of thing of which
Put in command of
Dīligēns (gen. Dīligentis)
Careful, exact
Audāx (gen. Audācis)
Daring, bold, courageous
Hortor, 1, tr.
Urge, encourage
Vereor, 2, tr.
Fear
verb
Sequor, sequī, secūtus sum, 3, tr.
Follow, pursue
Patior, patī, passus sum, 3, tr.
Suffer, allow
Orior, orīrī, ortus sum, 4, intr.
Rise, arise
Loquor, loquī, locūtus sum, 3, tr. and intr.
Talk, speak
Proficīscor, proficīscī, profectus sum, 3, intr.
Set out, depart
Aggredior, aggredī, aggressus sum, 3, tr.
Advance to, attack
Cum, conj.
When
Prōgredior, prōgredī, prōgressus sum, 3, intr.
Go forward, advance, proceed
Cohortor, 1, tr.
Encourage
Dubius, a, um
Doubtful, uncertain
Certus, a, um
Certain, fixed
Certiōrum (-ēs) faciō, facere, fēcī, factus, 3, tr.; acc. w/ infin.; dē w/ abl.
Inform, make (someone) more certain
Quam, adv.
Than
Apud, prep. w/ acc.
Among, in the presence of
Nihil, adv.
Not, not at all
Nihil (short form: nīl), n., indecl. noun
Nothing
Sub, prep. w/ abl.
Under, at the foot of
Sub, prep. w/ acc.
Under, beneath, up to, about (of time), toward (of time)
whenever movement or motion is expressed
Quī, quae, quod
Who, what, which, that
Committō, committere, commīsī, commissus, 3, tr.
Commit, allow
Proelium committere
To join battle, to begin battle
Angustiae, angustiārum
Defile, narrow place, difficulties
Inquit
He says, he said
Placed after first word or phrase of direct quotation
Peccātum, ī
Mistake, sin
Ante, prep. w/ acc.
Before (of time and place), in front of
Proelium, ī
Battle
Amīcitia, ae
Friendship
Fortūna, ae
Fortune
Fossa, ae
Ditch
Injūria, ae
Injustice, wrong
Nātūra, ae
Nature
Cōpiae, cōpiārum (fem.)
Troops, forces
Ager, agrī
Field
Annus, ī
Year
Auxilium, ī
Help, aid
Mūnio, 4, tr.
Fortify, construct (w/ viam/vias)
Mūnio, 4, tr.
Fortify, construct (w/ viam/vias)
Extrēmus, a, um
Outermost, farthest, last
Superior, superius
Higher, former
Summus, a, um
Highest
Ulterior, ulterius
Farther
Ultimus, a, um
Farthest, last
Medius, a, um
Middle
Eō, īre, īvī (iī), itum, irreg. & intr.
Go
Exeō, exīre, exiī (-īvī), exitum, irreg. & intr.
Go out
Trānseō, trānsīre, trānsiī (-īvī), trānsitus, irreg. & tr.
Go across, cross, pass
Ineō, inīre, iniī (-īvī), initus, irreg. and tr.
Go into, enter upon
Adeō, adīre, adiī (-īvī), aditus, irreg. & tr.
Go to, approach, visit
Hōra, ae
Hour
Diēs, diēī, m. (f.)
Day
Mīlle, indecl. adj.
Thousand
Mīlia, mīlium
noun (rule 117)
Thousands
Decem
indecl. numeral
Ten
Quattour
indecl. numeral
Four
Pēs, pedis, m.
Foot
(Of an animal, mountain, etc. or a unit of measurement)
Passus, ūs
A pace
Mīlle passūs
A mile
Diū, adv.
A long time, long
Parum, adv.
Little, too little
Parum, indecl. noun w/ gen.
Too little, not enough
Satis, adv.
Sufficiently
Satis, indecl. noun w/ gen.
Enough
Tūtō, adv.
Safely
Multum, adv.
Much, greatly
Facile, adv.
Easily
Ūllus, a, um
Any
Nūllus, a, um
No, none
Sōlus, a, um
Alone, only
as an adjective
Tōtus, a, um
Whole, all of, the whole of
Ūnus, a, um
One
Alius, alia, aliud
grammer 85-85
Other, another
Alter, altera, alterum
grammer 87
The other, the one (of two)
Ulterque, ultraque, ultrumque
gen. Ultrīusque, dat. Ultrīque
Each, both (of two)
Duo, duae, duo
grammer 115
Two
Trēs, tria
declined like the plural of gravis
Three
Centum, indecl. numeral
One hundred
Prīmus, a, um
First
Secundus, a, um
Alter, altera, alterum
Second
Tertius, a, um
Third
Prohibeō, 2, tr.; w/ abl. of separation
Ward off (from), prevent
Ferō, ferre, tulī, lātus, irreg., tr.
Bear, bring, carry
Īnferō, īnferre, īntulī, illātus, irreg., tr.; w/ dat. of person
Bring (upon), inflict (upon), inspire (in)
the person on whom something is inflicted, etc is put in the dative case
Differō, differre, distulī, dīlātus, irreg., tr.
Scatter, put off, differ
Cōnferō, cōnferre, contulī, collātus, irreg., tr.
with a reflexive pronoun
Bring together, compare
betake oneself
Referō, referre, rettulī, relātus, irreg., tr.
Bring back, refer, report
Pedem referre
To fall back, to retreat
Ipse, ipsa, ipsum
Self
Praeter, prep. w/ acc.
Except, past, contrary to
Socius, ī
Companion, ally
Suspiciō, suspicere, suscēpī, susceptus, 3, tr.
Undertake, take (upon oneself)
Vīs, (gen. vis [rare]; acc. vim; abl. vī)
Force, power, violence
Vī (abl. of vīs)
Violently, by force
Indūcō, indūcere, indūxī, inductus, 3, tr.
Lead in, lead on, influence
possum, posse, potuī, irreg., intr.; w/ present infin.
am able, can
cōnstituō, cōnstituere, cōnstituī, cōnstitūtus, 3, tr.; w/ present infin.
place, set up, decide, determine
cōnor, 1, tr.; w/ pres. infin.
try, attempt
coepī, coepisse, coeptus sum, tr.; w. pres. infin.
Began, have begun
dēbeō, 2, tr.; w. pres. infin.
Ought, owe
jubeō, jubēre, jussī, jussus, 2, tr.; acc. w. pres. infin.
Order, command
mandō, 1, tr.; w. dat. of person
Commit, entrust
parō, 1, tr.; w. pres. infin.
Prepare, get ready
cōnsequor, cōnsequī, cōnsecūtus sum, 3, tr.
Follow up, overtake, gain
jungō, jungere, jūnxī, junctus, 3, tr.
Join, unite
conjungō, conjungere, conjūnxī, conjūnctus, 3, tr.
Join together, unite
permoveō, permovēre, permōvī, permōtus, 2, tr.
Arouse, influence
Imperō, 1, tr.; w/ dat. of person
Levy
Oportet, oportēre, oportuit, 2, intr.; acc. w/ present infin.
It behooves, it is necessary
Parātus, a, um; w/ present infin. or ad w/ acc.
Prepared for, ready
Putō, 1, tr.; acc. w/ infin.
think
Negō, 1, tr.; acc. w/ infin.
deny, say… not
Exīstimō, 1, tr.; acc. w/ infin.
think
Dēmōnstrō, 1, tr.; acc. w/ infin.
show, point out
Cōnfirmō, 1, tr.
with acc. w/ infin.
encourage, strengthen
affirm
Respondeō, respondēre, respondī, respōnsus, 2, tr.; acc. w/ infin.
answer
Intellegō, intellegere, intellēxī, intellēctus, 3, tr.; acc. w/ infin.
understand, perceive
Dīcō, dīcere, dīxī, dictums, 3, tr.; acc. w/ infin.
say, tell
animadvertō, aminadvertere, aminadvertī, aminadversus, 3, tr.; acc. w/ infin.
attend to, notice
Sentiō, sentīre, sēnsī, sēnsus, 4, tr.; acc. w/ infin.
feel, perceive, think
Reperiō, reperīre, repperī, repertus, 4, tr.; acc. w/ infin.
find (out)
Sciō, 4, tr.; acc. w/ infin.
know
Arbitror, 1, tr.; acc. w/ infin.
consider, think
Nuntiō, 1, tr.; acc. w/ infin.
announce, report
Polliceor, 2, tr.; acc. w/ infin. (usually future)
Promise
Crēdō, crēdere, crēdidī, crēditus, 3, tr. and intr.
w/ dat. of person to whom or in whom; acc. w/ infin.
Believe, trust, entrust
Dispōnō, dispōnere, dispōsuī, dispositus, 3, tr.
Distribute, station
Cōnscrībō, cōnscrībere, cōnscrīpsī, cōnscrīptus, 3, tr.; acc. w/ infin.
Enroll, write
Revertor, revertī, revertī/reversus sum, 3, intr.
Return
Impediō, 4, tr.
Hinder, impede
Trādūcō, trādūcere, trādūxī, trāductus, 3, tr.
two accusatives or acc. and trāns w/ acc.
Lead across, lead over
Ēgredior, ēgredī, ēgressus sum, 3, intr.
Go out
Potior, 4, intr.; w/ object in abl. or occasionally gen.
Potior always takes the gen. in the phrase “rērum potīrī”
Get possession of, become master of
”to get control of affairs”
Vetō, vetāre, vetuī, vetitus, 1, tr.; acc. w/ present infin.
Forbid
Conjūrō, 1, intr.
Conspire, form a conspiracy
Commoveō, commovēre, commōvī, commōtus, 2, tr.
Alarm, arouse
