Second Quiz

Question 1

What is Astronomy?

Answer 1

The science that studies the universe

Question 2

What was scientist Eratosthenes known for?

Answer 2

Used angles of the noonday sun to establish the size of the earth

Question 3

What did the geocentric Model show?

Answer 3

All planets orbit around the earth

Question 4

What did the Heliocentric Model show?

Answer 4

Earth and the other planets orbit the sun

Question 5

What did the Ptolemaic system show?

Answer 5

The universe & planets

Question 6

What is the Retrograde motion?

Answer 6

The westward motion of the planets with respect to the stars

Question 7

Who is Nicolaus Copernicus?

Answer 7

Certified that earth is a planet and model with sun in center

Question 8

Who is Tycho Brahe?

Answer 8

Built instruments to measure the locations of planets such as Mars

Question 9

Who discovered the three laws?

Answer 9

Johannes Kepler

Question 10

What are the three laws?

Answer 10

1. Orbits of the planets are elliptical
2. Planets revolve around the sun at varying speed
3. Relationship between planet’s orbital period and distance to sun

Question 11

What is an ellipse?

Answer 11

An oval-shaped path

Question 12

What is an astronomical unit (AU)?

Answer 12

The average distance between the earth & sun; 150 million km

Question 13

Who is Galileo Galilei?

Answer 13

His descriptions of the behavior of moving objects

Question 14

What did Galilei develop?

Answer 14

The telescope

Question 15

What were Galiei discoveries?

Answer 15

1. Four moons orbit Jupiter
2. Planets are circular disks, not just points of light
3. Venus has phases just like the moon
4. The moon’s surface is not smooth
5. The sun has sun sports or dark regions

Question 16

Who is Sir Issac Newton?

Answer 16

The first to formulate and test the law of gravitation

Question 17

Two key points of Universal Gravitation

Answer 17

• Gravitational force decreases with distance
• The greater the mass of an object, the greater is its gravitational force

Question 18

What are the two main motions of Earth?

Answer 18

Rotation and revolution

Question 19

What is the third motion called?

Answer 19

Precession and is a very slow motion of Earth’s axis

Question 20

What is rotation?

Answer 20

The turning, or spinning, of a body on it’s axis (1,000 MPH)

Question 21

What are the two measurements for rotation?

Answer 21

Mean solar day and Sidereal day

Question 22

Mean Solar day measurement

Answer 22

From one noon to the next (24 hours)

Question 23

Sidereal day

Answer 23

The time it takes for Earth to make one complete rotation (360)

Question 24

How long does it take for earth to make one rotation and have the stars lined up in the same?

Answer 24

23 hours and 56 minutes

Question 25

What is revolution?

Answer 25

The motion of a body, such as a planet or moon, along a path around some point in space

Question 26

What is Perihelion?

Answer 26

The time in January when Earth is closest to the sun

Question 27

What is Aphelion?

Answer 27

The time in July when Earth is farthest from the sun

Question 28

What is precession?

Answer 28

Traces out a cone over a period of 26,000 years

Question 29

What is perigee?

Answer 29

The point at which the moon is closest to Earth

Question 30

What is Apogee?

Answer 30

The point at which the moon is farthest from Earth

Question 31

What is the synodic month?

Answer 31

The cycle of the moon phases 29 1/2 days

Question 32

What is the sidereal month?

Answer 32

The true period of the moon's revolution around earth 27 1/3 days

Question 33

When did solar eclipses occur?

Answer 33

The moon moves in a line directly between Earth and the sun, casting a shadow on Earth

Question 34

When do Lunar eclipses occur?

Answer 34

When the moon passes through Earth's shadow

Question 35

What is a crater?

Answer 35

The depression at the summit of a volcano or a depression produced by a meteorite impact

Question 36

What are rays?

Answer 36

A system of bright, elongated streaks

Question 37

What are highlands?

Answer 37

Densely pitted, light-colored areas

Question 38

What is Maria?

Answer 38

Ancient beds of basaltic lava, originated when asteroids punctured the surface and led to magma bleed out

Question 39

What is a rille?

Answer 39

A long channel associated with lunar Maria and is similar to a valley or trench

Question 40

What is the lunar regolith?

Answer 40

A thin, gray layer on the surface of the moon, consisting of loosely compacted fragmented material