Second Prelim

Question 1

What is the role of CSS in ensuring that a site is displayed correctly on each device?

Answer 1

Media queries would be used to consider the size of the viewport
Separate rules are implemented depending on the detected device screen width

Question 2

What is an array of records?

Answer 2

-

Question 3

What is meant by open source?

Answer 3

Shared with all users
Source code is open
Open source is a model of software development based on peer collaboration and open access to code

Question 4

Parameter passing by reference

Answer 4

Change made to parameter are retained when the subprogram finishes
Parameter is passed in and out of the subprogram

Question 5

Parameter passing by value

Answer 5

Parameter is copied when passed

Updates discarded when program terminates

Question 6

Items other than data that are held by a register

Answer 6

Memory Address

Instruction

Question 7

Function

Answer 7

Subprogram which returns a single value
Parameters passed not usually returned
Function name used just like a variable

Question 8

HTML and CSS purposes in separating formatting from structure of a document

Answer 8

HTML provides structure of the document/content

CSS rules provide formatting information for tags/styles in document structure

Question 9

How usability testing is carried out?

Answer 9

Users given devices with new interfaces and directly observed as they use these
Asked to perform tasks using the devices which relate to realistic situations
Complete questionnaires before and after as feedback

Question 10

Phishing description

Answer 10

User receives email from supposedly trusted source
Requests sensitive information
Email spoofing

Question 11

Advantage of open source over proprietary other than licensing cost

Answer 11

Updates by community
Testing/Identification of security flaws
Ability to build own versions of applications

Question 12

Advantages of using a 1-D array to store a list of values

Answer 12

Saves time
Makes code efficient
One line required to implement parameter passing
Individual elements referenced by indexing

Question 13

How does halting a programs execution using a breakpoint help with finding errors within a program?

Answer 13

Values of variables inspected to determine issues
Ability to step into/over code to assess effect
Program flow/logic inspected

Question 14

Defining records

Answer 14

RECORD TYPE name
Data Type: Record Name
Data Type: Other record name etc
END record

Question 15

Declaring records

Answer 15

ARRAY[Amount to be stored] of Name

Question 16

Execution error examples

Answer 16

Reading past end of file
Reading an empty file
Text file locked by other process
Divide by zero

Question 17

Formal Parameter

Answer 17

Identifiers used to stand for a value when subprogram/method is called eg testscore

Question 18

Actual Parameter

Answer 18

Actual values passed at runtime eg 12

Question 19

Method

Answer 19

A subroutine within an object

Defines an objects behaviour at runtime

Question 20

Reasons of virtual machines being used

Answer 20

Ability to access virus infected data without compromising a real machine
Run a headless computer such as a server in the background on your local computer
Test product in a different platform

Question 21

Headless computer

Answer 21

No graphical user interface

Question 22

Agile Methodology features

Answer 22

Focus on working software over comprehensive documentation
User involvement
Design sprints build working programs quickly
Quick response to change

Question 23

Advantages of public cloud on websites

Answer 23

Reduced costs compared to private cloud
Scalability of service tested - can increase/decrease service usage to meet demand
Security more focused

Question 24

CSS example

Answer 24

.Headings
Font-family: Verdana/other font;
Font-size: numberpx;
Color: #F3399/other;
Font-style: Italic/other;

Question 25

Impact on video of compression techniques

Answer 25

Approximations used reduce accuracy
Reduction in full frames stored as only changes between frames are stored
Sounds not audible to humans removed

Question 26

What is required for describing how a report is produced?

Answer 26

Specific field with detail for search
Fields required with tables
Sort eg Date Ascending

Question 27

Client Side disadvantage

Answer 27

Without server-side validation it is possible for malicious code inserted in the forms to be used to carry out a scripted attack or a cross-site scripting attach on the website

Question 28

Server side security advantage

Answer 28

Data validated at the server side will detect the attempt to send code
Malicious code dis-guarded

Question 29

How can a webpage be optimised for web search?

Answer 29

Meaningful title
Meta Data Description
Meta Data Keywords
Alt and name tags to logo images

Question 30

Method Definition

Answer 30

Access an objects variables/properties/attributes within its class

Question 31

Explain how a bitmap is stored

Answer 31

As a grid of pixels
Each pixel has a binary value
Image uses 8-bit palette of colours (256 colours)