Second Hometstais Flashcards
Hypothyroidism
Thyroid makes very low amounts of thyroxine
Symptoms: stocky,short build, slow pulse, fatigue, hair loss
Treated with injections of thyroxine
Hyperthyroidism
Overproduction of thyroxine
Symptoms: insomnia, weight loss, arrhythmia
Treatment is removal, then injections
Goitre
Thyroid needs iodine to make thyroxine
Lack of iodine
Thyroid become large from cell division
Treatment is injections of thyroxine
Tropic hormone
Hormones that contro the release of other hormones
HGH
Human growth hormone
Helps maintain, build and repair tissue in the brain and other organs.
Excretory system functions
-excretion of wastes from metabolism
-maintains blood ph
-maintains water-salt balance
-Hormones
Diabetes Melkite’s - juvenile
Immune system attacks pancreas
Can strat with no warning
Body can’t make insulin
Diabetes mellitus type 2
Body can’t make enough insulin
Treated with diet/exersize
Gestational diabetes
During pregnancy
Leaves after birth
Big baby
Diabetes insipidus
Destruction of ADH productions cells
Lots of urine (up to 20L a day)
Very thirsty
Treated with hormones
U.T.I
Usually bacterial
Painful urination
Can lead to kidney infections
Treated with antibiotics
Kidney Stones
Mineral Deposits in kidneys
Can break off and must be eliminated in urine
Painful
Excretory - water balance
Collecting Duct - water reabsorbed cause of height salt concentration
Excretory - reabosrption
In proximal tubule & loop of henle
Uses active & passive transport
Most H2O & salt reabsorption in loop
Excretory - Secretion
Some substances secreted into distal tubule.
Excretory - filtration
In glomerulus where permeable capillaries & high pressure forces items out of the blood into the Bowman’s capsule.
Filters 120ml of blood every min
F.S.H
Follicle stimulation Hormone
L.H
Lutenizing Hormone
Testosterone release
Test+FSH = sperm
males - Puberty
Hypothalamus: releases GnRH - stimulates Ant PA to release F.S.H & L.H
Puberty? - Females
-GnRH releases
-release of F.S.H to overages which triggers eggs to start maturing
-triggers release of estrogen
Estrogen - made by ovaries
-increase feedback to Ant Pit
-Thickens uterus lining
Higher estrogen levels triggers L.H release from Ant Pit
Burst Follicle
-forms temporary gland called corpus luteulm
-releases progesterone
-thickens lining
-feedback to the Ant pit to lowers F.S.H & L.H
Long term stress
- Hypothalamus secretes CRH which travels to Ant Pit
- Ant Pit releases ACTH that travels to the aderal cortex
- Adrenal Cortex secretes 2 hormones - mineralocorticoids & Glucorticoids
MC - retains sodium ions - increase in water causes blood pressure to increase since more blood in vessels
GC - feedbac to CRH
- raises amino acid levels in the blood ad converts glucose for
Inhibits inflammatory response
