Second Hometstais

Question 1

Hypothyroidism

Answer 1

Thyroid makes very low amounts of thyroxine

Symptoms: stocky,short build, slow pulse, fatigue, hair loss

Treated with injections of thyroxine

Question 2

Hyperthyroidism

Answer 2

Overproduction of thyroxine

Symptoms: insomnia, weight loss, arrhythmia

Treatment is removal, then injections

Question 3

Goitre

Answer 3

Thyroid needs iodine to make thyroxine

Lack of iodine

Thyroid become large from cell division

Treatment is injections of thyroxine

Question 4

Tropic hormone

Answer 4

Hormones that contro the release of other hormones

Question 5

HGH

Answer 5

Human growth hormone

Helps maintain, build and repair tissue in the brain and other organs.

Question 6

Excretory system functions

Answer 6

-excretion of wastes from metabolism

-maintains blood ph

-maintains water-salt balance

-Hormones

Question 7

Diabetes Melkite’s - juvenile

Answer 7

Immune system attacks pancreas

Can strat with no warning

Body can’t make insulin

Question 8

Diabetes mellitus type 2

Answer 8

Body can’t make enough insulin

Treated with diet/exersize

Question 9

Gestational diabetes

Answer 9

During pregnancy

Leaves after birth

Big baby

Question 10

Diabetes insipidus

Answer 10

Destruction of ADH productions cells

Lots of urine (up to 20L a day)

Very thirsty

Treated with hormones

Question 11

U.T.I

Answer 11

Usually bacterial

Painful urination

Can lead to kidney infections

Treated with antibiotics

Question 12

Kidney Stones

Answer 12

Mineral Deposits in kidneys

Can break off and must be eliminated in urine

Painful

Question 13

Excretory - water balance

Answer 13

Collecting Duct - water reabsorbed cause of height salt concentration

Question 14

Excretory - reabosrption

Answer 14

In proximal tubule & loop of henle

Uses active & passive transport

Most H2O & salt reabsorption in loop

Question 15

Excretory - Secretion

Answer 15

Some substances secreted into distal tubule.

Question 16

Excretory - filtration

Answer 16

In glomerulus where permeable capillaries & high pressure forces items out of the blood into the Bowman’s capsule.

Filters 120ml of blood every min

Question 17

F.S.H

Answer 17

Follicle stimulation Hormone

Question 18

L.H

Answer 18

Lutenizing Hormone

Testosterone release

Test+FSH = sperm

Question 19

males - Puberty

Answer 19

Hypothalamus: releases GnRH - stimulates Ant PA to release F.S.H & L.H

Question 20

Puberty? - Females

Answer 20

-GnRH releases
-release of F.S.H to overages which triggers eggs to start maturing
-triggers release of estrogen

Estrogen - made by ovaries
-increase feedback to Ant Pit
-Thickens uterus lining

Higher estrogen levels triggers L.H release from Ant Pit

Burst Follicle
-forms temporary gland called corpus luteulm
-releases progesterone
-thickens lining
-feedback to the Ant pit to lowers F.S.H & L.H

Question 21

Long term stress

Answer 21

1. Hypothalamus secretes CRH which travels to Ant Pit
2. Ant Pit releases ACTH that travels to the aderal cortex
3. Adrenal Cortex secretes 2 hormones - mineralocorticoids & Glucorticoids

MC - retains sodium ions - increase in water causes blood pressure to increase since more blood in vessels

GC - feedbac to CRH
- raises amino acid levels in the blood ad converts glucose for
Inhibits inflammatory response