Second Form Latin Review Flashcards by William Knowles

How many kinds of pronouns are there? Name them in pairs.

EIGHT

personal and possessive
reflexive and intensive
interrogative and relative
demonstrative and indefinite

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Four confusing words with the root of LIBER are:

liberi, liberorum, m. children
liber libri, m. book
liber, libera, liberum, adj. free
libero (1) to set free

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Name the four verb complements you have learned.

predicate adjective
predicate nominative
direct object
indirect object

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What are two types of adjectives in Latin?

1st/2nd declension
3rd declension

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Third declension adjectives are related to what kind of nouns?

i-stem nouns

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The PERFECT SYSTEM in all four conjugations is:

PERFECTLY regular

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How do you find the PERFECT STEM for all 4 conjugations?

drop the “i” from the third principal part

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3rd conjugation verbs do not have regular principal parts, but they do have

patterns

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what are two types of direct questions?

1) questions that begin with question words
2) yes or no questions

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How do you form yes or no questions in English?

put the HELPING VERB first

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How do you form yes or no questions in Latin?

Add the ENCLITIC “ne” to the end of the first word, usually a verb.

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Give the six common question words in English?

who, what, when, where, why, how

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Give the two voices of Latin verbs

ACTIVE and PASSIVE

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1st Conjugation ACTIVE Endings for Present, Imperfect, and Future

o s t mus tis nt

bam bas bat bamus batis bant

bo bis bit bimus bitis bunt

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2nd Conjugation ACTIVE Endings for Present, Imperfect, and Future

o s t mus tis nt

bam bas bat bamus batis bant

bo bis bit bimus bitis bunt

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3rd Conjugation ACTIVE Endings for Present, Imperfect, and Future

o is it imus itis unt

ebam ebas ebat ebamus ebatis ebant

am es et emus etis ent

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4th Conjugation ACTIVE Endings for Present, Imperfect, and Future

o s t mus tis unt

ebam ebas ebat ebamus ebatis ebant

am es et emus etis ent

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3rd io Conjugation ACTIVE Endings for Present, Imperfect, and Future

o s t mus tis unt

ebam ebas ebat ebamus ebatis ebant

am es et emus etis ent

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1st Conjugation PASSIVE Endings for Present, Imperfect, and Future

or ris tur mur mini ntur

bar baris batur bamur bamini bantur

bor beris bitur bimur bimini bunter

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2nd Conjugation PASSIVE Endings for Present, Imperfect, and Future

or ris tur mur mini ntur

bar baris batur bamur bamini bantur

bor beris bitur bimur bimini buntur

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3rd Conjugation PASSIVE Endings for Present, Imperfect, and Future

or eris itur imur imini untur

ebar ebaris ebatur ebamur ebamini ebantur

ar eris etur emur emini entur

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4th Conjugation PASSIVE Endings for Present, Imperfect, and Future

or ris tur mur mini untur

ebar ebaris ebatur ebamur ebamini ebantur

ar eris etur emur emini entur

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3rd io Conjugation PASSIVE Endings for Present, Imperfect, and Future

or eris tur mur mini untur

ebar ebaris ebatur ebamur ebamini ebantur

ar eris etur emur emini entur

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Give the 1st Conjugation PRESENT stem for amo, amare

ama-

(drop the “re” from the 2nd Principal Part)

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Give the 2nd Conjugation PRESENT stem for moneo, monēre

monē- (drop the "re" from the 2nd principal part)

Give the 3rd Conjugation PRESENT stem for rego, regere

reg- (drop the "re" from the 2nd Principal Part)

Give the 4th Conjugation PRESENT stem for audio audire

audi- (drop the "re" from the 2nd Principal Part)

Give the 3rd io Conjugation PRESENT stem for cápio, capere

capi- (drop the "o" from the 1st Principal Part)

1st Conjugation PERFECT endings for Perfect, Pluperfect and Future Perfect tenses

i isti it imus istis erunt eram eras erat eramus eratis erant ero eris erit erimus eritis erint

2nd Conjugation PERFECT endings for Perfect, Pluperfect and Future Perfect tenses

i isti it imus istis erunt eram eras erat eramus eratis erant ero eris erit erimus eritis erint

Give the Perfect, Pluperfect and Future Perfect tenses for SUM

fui fuisti fuit fuimus fuistis fuerunt fueram fueras fuerat fueramus fueratis fuerant fuero fueris fuerit fuerimus fueritis fuerint

How do you find the PERFECT stem for 1st Conjugation using amo amare amavi amatus

amav- (drop the "i" from the 3rd Principal Part)

How do you find the PERFECT stem for 2nd Conjugation using moneo monere monui monitus

monu- (drop the "i" from the 3rd Principal Part)

How do you find the PERFECT stem for 3rd Conjugation verbs? Demonstrate using rego régere rexi rectus

rex- memorize the 4 Principal Parts for the 3rd Conjugation verbs and drop the "i" from the 3rd Principal part

How do you find the PERFECT stem for 4th Conjugation with audio audire audivi auditus

audiv- drop the "i" from the 3rd Principal Part

Give the Perfect, Pluperfect, and Future Perfect endings for 1st, 2nd, 3rd, 4th and 3rd io Conjugation verbs

i isti it imus istis erunt eram eras erat eramus eratis erant ero eris erit érimus éritis erint (the Perfect System is perfectly regular in all 4 Conjugations)

How do you find the PERFECT STEM for 3rd io Conjugation verbs? Demonstrate using capio capere cepi captus

cep- memorize the 4 Principal Parts for the 3rd io Conjugation verbs and drop the "i" from the 3rd Principal part

-a ------ -ae -ae ---- -arum -ae ---- -is -am --- -as -a ------- -is

1st Declension Noun : 1D F Stem: Gen. S. drop “ae” Model Noun: mensa, -ae f.

-us ----- -i -i ------- -orum -o ------- -is -um ---- -os -o ------- -is

2nd Declension Noun : 2D us M Stem: Gen. S. drop “i” Model Noun: servus, -i m.

-um ----- -a -i --------- -orum -o -------- -is -um ----- -a -o -------- -is

2nd Declension Noun : 2D um N Stem: Gen. S. drop “i” Model Noun: bellum, -i n.

___ -------- -es -is --------- -um -i ----------- -ibus -em ------- -es -e ---------- -ibus

3rd Declension Noun M/F: 3D -- (memorize gender) Stem: Gen. S. drop “is” Model Noun: pater, -is m.

__ --------- -a -is --------- -um -i ------------ -ibus __ --------- -a -e ----------- -ibus

3rd Declension Noun N: 3D -- (memorize gender) Stem: Gen. S. drop “is” Model Noun: nomen, -is n.

-us -------- -ūs -ūs -------- -uum -ui -------- -ibus -um ------- -ūs -u ---------- -ibus

4th Declension Noun: 4D M Stem: Gen. S. drop “ūs” Model Noun: portus, -ūs m.

-es ----------- -es -ei ------------ -erum -ei ------------ -ebus -em ----------- -es -e -------------- -ebus

5th Declension Noun: 5D F Stem: Gen. S. drop “ei” Model Noun: res, -ei f.

Nominative Case

rose (SUBJECT)

Genitive Case

OF the rose (POSSESSIVE)

Dative Case

TO/FOR the rose (INDIRECT OBJECT)

Accusative Case

THE rose (DIRECT OBJECT)

Ablative Case

IN/BY/WITH/FROM the rose

Natural Gender tops any other Gender Rule

Nominative singular and plural endings for 1st Declension Feminine Nouns (1D F) Model Noun: mensa

-a (singular) -ae (plural) Model Noun: mensa

Nom. s. and pl. endings for (2D us M) ----(2nd Declension Masculine Nouns) Model Noun: servus

-us (singular) -i (plural) Model Noun: servus

Nom. s. and pl. endings for (2D um N) ----(2nd Declension Neuter Nouns) Model Noun: bellum

-um (singular) -a (plural) Model Noun: bellum

Nom. s. and pl. endings for (3D M/F) ----(3rd Declension Masculine and Feminine Nouns) Model Noun: pater

___ (singular) -es (plural) Model Noun: pater

Nom. s. and pl. endings for (3D N) ----(3rd Declension Neuter Nouns) Model Noun: nomen

___ (singular) -a (plural) Model Noun: nomen

Nom. s. and pl. endings for (4D M) ----(4th Declension Neuter Nouns) Model Noun: portus

-us (singular) -ūs (plural) Model Noun: portus

Nom. s. and pl. endings for (5D F) ----(5th Declension Feminine Nouns) Model Noun: res

-es (singular) -es (plural) Model Noun: res

__ -------- -i -i ----------- -orum -o ---------- -is -um ------- -os -o ---------- -is

2nd Declension ER - IR Nouns (2D er-ir M) Stem: Gen. S. drop "i" Model Noun that drops the "e" from the Nom.: ager, agri Model Noun that keeps the "e": puer, pueri Model Noun: vir, viri

__ --------- -es -is ---------- -ium -i ----------- -ibus -em ------- -es -e ---------- -ibus

3rd Declension M/F i-stem Nouns -----(has an "i" in the Gen. pl. and the Nom. s. varies) Stem: Gen. S. drop "is" Model Noun: pars, partis

__ --------- -ia -is ---------- -ium -i ----------- -ibus __ --------- -ia -e ---------- -ibus

3rd Declension M/F i-stem Nouns -----(has an "i" in the Nom. pl., Gen. pl., and Acc. pl. and the Nom. s. and Acc. s. vary) Stem: Gen. S. drop "is" Model Noun: mare, maris

Nom. s. and pl. endings for (2D er-ir M) ----(2nd Declension er-ir Masculine Nouns) Model Noun: ager, agri

__ (singular) -i (plural) Model Noun: ager, agri

Nom. s. and pl. endings for (2D er-ir M) ----(2nd Declension er-ir Masculine Nouns) Model Noun: puer, pueri

__ (singular) -i (plural) Model Noun: puer, pueri

Nom. s. and pl. endings for (2D er-ir M) ----(2nd Declension er-ir Masculine Nouns) Model Noun: vir, viri

__ (singular) -i (plural) Model Noun: vir, viri