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Neuroanatomy > Second Exam > Flashcards

Second Exam Flashcards

1
Q

integrative center for emotions, emotional behavior, and motivation

A

amygdala

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2
Q

large bundle of crossing fibers

connecting the olfactory bulb and parts of the cerebrum to the same areas on the opposite

A

anterior commissure

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3
Q

set of nuclei located in the forebrain. Responsible for motor control

A

Basal Ganglia

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4
Q

distal part of the brain

made up of midbrain, pons, and medulla oblongata

A

Brainstem

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5
Q

what is the brainstem’s function

A

help to regulate breathing, heart rate, blood pressure, and several other important functions

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6
Q

region in the frontal lobe of the dominant hemisphere

involved in speech production

A

Broca’s area

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7
Q

located near the center of the brain, sitting astride the thalamus.
planning the execution of movement, learning, memory, reward, motivation, emotion

A

Caudate Nucleus

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8
Q

What is the function of the cerebellum

A

maintenance of balance and posture, voluntary movement, coordination

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9
Q

Allowing cerebrospinal fluid to flow between the third ventricle and fourth ventricle

A

cerebral acqueduct

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10
Q

cingulate cortex

A

important interface between emotional regulation, sensing and action

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11
Q

nerve tract projecting from the cingulate gyrus to the entorhinal cortex

A

cingulum

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12
Q

what is the function of the cingulum

A

allowing communication between components of the limbic system

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13
Q

midbrain area where visual, auditory and somatosensory information are integrated to initiate motor commands

A

superior colliculus

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14
Q

part of the midbrain. serving as a main auditory center for the body
signal integration, frequency recognition, and pitch discrimination

A

inferior colliculus

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15
Q

bundle of nerve fibers

ensures both sides of the brain can communicate abd send signals to each other

A

corpus callosum

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16
Q

part of the hippocampal trisynaptic circuit.

contribute to the formation of new episodic memories

A

dentate gyrus

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17
Q

what is part of the diencephalon?

A

thalamus, hypothalamus, epithalamus, subthalamus

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18
Q

what is the Dorsolateral prefrontal lobe involved in?

A

working memory, cognitive flexibility, and planning

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19
Q

area of the brain’s allocortex, located in the medial temporal lobe

A

entorhinal cortex

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20
Q

what are the functions of the entorhinal cortex?

A

the gateway for information entering and leaving the hippocampal formation

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21
Q

What is the function of the fornix

A

transmit the information from the hippocampus to the mammillary bodies and to the anterior nuclei of thalamus

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22
Q

What is the function of the hippocampus

A

major role in learning and memory

23
Q

what is the role of the hypothalamus

A

controls hormone system

24
Q

Function of the inferior temporal gyrus

A

semantic memory, language, visual perception, and sensory integration

25
Q

white matter structure situated in the inferomedial part of each hemisphere.
carries information past the basal ganglia, separating the caudate nucleus and the thalamus from the putamen and globus pallidus

A

internal capsule

26
Q

a relay center in the thalamus for the visual pathway.

is part of the pathway

A

lateral geniculate body

27
Q

part of the brain involved in our behavioral and emotional responses

A

limbic system

28
Q

what is part of the limbic system ?

A

hippocampus, amygdala, and hypothalamus, and cingulate gyrus

29
Q

what is the fu ction of the mammillary bodies

part of the diencephalon

A

recollective memory

30
Q

what is crucial for episodic and semantic memory?

A

medial temporal lobe

31
Q

What is the function of the medulla

A

breathing, blood pressure, circulation, heart functions

32
Q

what are parts of the mesencephalon?

A

tectum and tegmentum

33
Q

What are parts of the metencephalon

A

the pons and the cerebellum

34
Q

What are parts of the myelencephalon

A

open and closed medulla, sensory and motor nuclei, projection of sensory and motor pathways, and some cranial nerve nuclei

35
Q

What structure is important for declarative memory?

A

the medial temporal lobe

36
Q

What is the peri-acqueductal grey is responsible for

A

autonomic function, motivated behavior, behavioral responses to threatening stimuli

37
Q

What structure is responsible for the respiratory rythm of breathing

A

The pons

38
Q

What is the posterior commissure responsible for?

A

important in language processing and connects the language processing centres of both cerebral hemispheres

39
Q

assisting in integration of sensory and motor information for the performance of action

A

premotor cortex

40
Q

generating signals to direct the movement of the body

A

primary motor cortex

41
Q

What is the function of the putamen

A

regulate movements and influence various types of learning

42
Q

partition between a portion of the lateral ventricles

A

septum

43
Q

receive afferent connections from other limbic structures (hippocampus, hypothalamus, amygdala)

A

septal nuclei

44
Q

what is the function of the somatosensory cortex

A

processing somatic sensations

45
Q

coordinating multiple aspects of cognition.

is made up of the caudate nucleus and the lentiform nucleus

A

the striatum

46
Q

positioned between the hippocampus and entorhinal.

plays a key role in the mediation of hippocampal-cortical interaction

A

subiculum

47
Q

modulating motor movement and reward functions as part of the basal ganglia circuitry

A

substantia nigra

48
Q

What is the function of the superior temporal gyrus

A

auditory processing

49
Q

relaying sensory and motor signals, as well as regulation of consciousness and alertness

A

thalamus

50
Q

What is the function of the uncus

A

involved in olfaction, emotions, and forming nee memories

51
Q

what region is responsible for the cognitive process of decision-making

A

orbitofrontal cortex

52
Q

what is the function of the primary visual cortex

A

receiving, segmenting, and integrating visual information

53
Q

What part is playing a role in spatial representation of objects for action planning and control

A

posterior parietal lobe

Neuroanatomy (2 decks)

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