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Question 0

What are considered structural exercises?

Answer 0

Emphasize loading the spine directly or indirectly.

Question 1

What are consider assistance exercises?

Answer 1

Assistance: recruit smaller muscles, uses one primary joint.

i.e. Abs, upper arm, neck, forearm

Question 2

What is the recommended Order of resistance?

Answer 2

Power, core, assistance

Question 3

Why would you ever reverse the order of resistance exercises?

Answer 3

Reversed: assistance. Core power

Power is the most fatiguing type of exercise and it can be dangerous if you do it at the end,

Question 4

Which contraction type is the weakest?

Answer 4

Concentric contraction.

Question 5

What is the most powerful contraction?

Answer 5

Eccentric contraction produces the most force.

Question 6

How does velocity affect these contractions?

Answer 6

As force increases, velocity decreases.

Question 7

Know the role of the muscle spindle, how do they function.

Answer 7

When muscle spindles are stimulated, the stretch reflex is stimulated, sending input to the spinal cord via, type Ia nerve fibers.

Question 8

What two mechanical factors increase force for plyometric contraction?

Answer 8

1. Stretch shortening cycle

2 stretch-reflex

Question 9

What are the neurological factors that lead to an increase in force with resistance training and what is the role or the Golgi tendon organ?

Answer 9

Central adaptations: use the pathways, the better they are, adaptations of motor units. Increase frequency though training.

The Golgi tendon organ is less active, meaning less inhibition.

Question 10

What is synchronization?

Answer 10

Motor units firing together

Question 11

What is disinhibition?

Answer 11

Overriding inhibitory signals, more protection.

Question 12

What is co-activation?

Answer 12

Muscles working together.

Question 13

What is the time course for neurological and hypertrophic adaptations in strength with resistance training?

Answer 13

Neurological happen very fast, where hypertrophy occurs slower.

Question 14

What is hypertrophy?

Answer 14

An acute response to exercise, muscle enlargement.

Question 15

What is hyperplasia?

Answer 15

Results from an increase in the number of muscle fibers via. Longitudinal fiber splitting.

Question 16

What is validity?

Answer 16

The degree to which a test or test item measures what is supposed to be measured and is most important characteristic of testing.

Question 17

What is reliability?

Answer 17

Measure of a degree of consistency or repeatability of a test.

Question 18

What are the different factors that may affect test reliability?

Answer 18

1. Intrasubject variability
2. Lack of interrupter reliability or agreement.
3. Intra rater variability
4. Failure of the test itself to provide consistent results.

Question 19

What is the sequence of test types during a testing battery?

Answer 19

1. Non-fatiguing
2. Agility
3. Max power & strength
4. Sprint tests
5. Local muscular endurance
6. Fatiguing anaerobic capacity
7. Aerobic capacity tests

Question 20

What is the difference between parallel or series sarcomeres?

Answer 20

Series: less force, greater velocity. Longer fibers

Parallel: greater force production, less velocity- body builders,

Question 21

How does pennation affect force and velocity?

Answer 21

Larger pennation angle = greater loss in force.

Pennation angle allows more muscle fibers to be packed into a muscle.