SECFND 2: Network Infrastructure

Question 1

DHCP Ports

Answer 1

67 (Server)

68 (Client)

Question 2

DORA

Answer 2

DORA process in DHCP works as follows: D ———-> Discover O ———-> Offer R ———-> Request A ———-> Acknowledgment

Question 3

DHCP Broadcast vs. Unicast

Answer 3

DHCPDISCOVER (Broadcast)
DHCPOFFER (Unicast)
DHCPREQUEST (Broadcast)
DHCP Offer (Unicast)

Unicast after DHCP relay is used

Question 4

DHCPDECLINE

Answer 4

If the DHCP client determines the offered configuration parameters are invalid, it sends a DHCPDECLINE packet to the server, and the client must begin the lease process again.

Question 5

giaddr field

Answer 5

Gateway IP address

Question 6

VLSM

Answer 6

Variable-Length Subnet Masking

Question 7

CAM

Answer 7

Content Addressable Memory. Stores MAC address table

Question 8

802.1q

Answer 8

Trunking header added for VLAN trunk

Question 9

STP

Answer 9

Spanning Tree Protocol. Used to prevent loops when switches are linked together. 802.1D

Question 10

802.1D

Answer 10

STP

Question 11

Root Bridge

Answer 11

Logical center of the spanning tree topology. All paths that are not needed to reach the root bridge from anywhere in the network are placed in STP blocking mode.

Question 12

CAPWAP

Answer 12

Encapsulating the data between the LWAP and WLC

Question 13

FIB Table

Answer 13

L3 Forwarding table

Question 14

SVI

Answer 14

Switched Virtual Interface. L3 processing for switch ports. 1 per VLAN.

Question 15

TCAM

Answer 15

ACLs on L3 switches and routers. ACL, QOS, and other info for upper layer processing. Specialized CAM table for rapid lookups. Multiple TCAMs

Question 16

Non-routable private reserved address ranges

Answer 16

10. 0.0.0/8
11. 16.0.0/12
12. 168.0.0/16