sec 1 Flashcards by J P

A security administrator currently spends a large amount of time on common security tasks, such aa report generation, phishing investigations, and user provisioning and deprovisioning This prevents the administrator from spending time on other security projects. The business does not have the budget to add more staff members. Which of the following should the administrator implement?

A. DAC
B. ABAC
C. SCAP
D. SOAR

D. SOAR

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An organization is developing an authentication service for use at the entry and exit ports of country borders. The service will use data feeds obtained from passport systems, passenger manifests, and high- definition video feeds from CCTV systems that are located at the ports. The service will incorporate machine-learning techniques to eliminate biometric enrollment processes while still allowing authorities to identify passengers with increasing accuracy over time. The more frequently passengers travel, the more accurately the service will identify them. Which of the following biometrics will MOST likely be used, without the need for enrollment? (Choose two.)
A. Voice
B. Gait
C. Vein
D. Facial
E. Retina
F. Fingerprint

B. Gait
D. Facial

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A small company that does not have security staff wants to improve its security posture. Which of the following would BEST assist the company?
A. MSSP
B. SOAR
C. IaaS
D. PaaS

MSSP- Managed Security Service Provider

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An organization’s help desk is flooded with phone calls from users stating they can no longer access certain websites. The help desk escalates the issue to the security team, as these
websites were accessible the previous day. The security analysts run the following command: ipconfig /flushdns, but the issue persists. Finally, an analyst changes the DNS server for an impacted machine, and the issue goes away. Which of the following attacks MOST likely occurred on the original DNS server?
A. DNS cache poisoning
B. Domain hijacking
C. Distributed denial-of-service
D. DNS tunneling

B. Domain hijacking

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A cybersecurity manager has scheduled biannual meetings with the IT team and department leaders to discuss how they would respond to hypothetical cyberattacks. During these meetings, the manager presents a scenario and injects additional information throughout the session to replicate what might occur in a dynamic cybersecurity event involving the company, its facilities, its data, and its staff. Which of the following describes what the manager is doing?

A. Developing an incident response plan
B. Building a disaster recovery plan
C. Conducting a tabletop exercise
D. Running a simulation exercise

C. Conducting a tabletop exercise

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A RAT that was used to compromise an organization’s banking credentials was found on a user’s computer. The RAT evaded antivirus detection. It was installed by a user who has local
administrator rights to the system as part of a remote management tool set. Which of the following recommendations would BEST prevent this from reoccurring?
A. Create a new acceptable use policy.
B. Segment the network into trusted and untrusted zones.
C. Enforce application whitelisting.
D. Implement DLP at the network boundary.

C. Enforce application whitelisting.

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A security analyst is reviewing a new website that will soon be made publicly available. The analyst sees the following in the URL:

http://dev-site.comptia.org/home/show.php?sessionID=77276554&loc=us

The analyst then sends an internal user a link to the new website for testing purposes, and when the user clicks the link, the analyst is able to browse the website with the following URL:

http://dev-site.comptia.org/home/show.php?sessionID=98988475&loc=us

Which of the following application attacks is being tested?
A. Pass-the-hash
B. Session replay
C. Object deference
D. Cross-site request forgery

D. Cross-site request forgery

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A network administrator has been asked to install an IDS to improve the security posture of an organization. Which of the following control types is an IDS?
A. Corrective
B. Physical
C. Detective
D. Administrative

C. Detective

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Which of the following should be put in place when negotiating with a new vendor about the timeliness of the response to a significant outage or incident?
A. MOU
B. MTTR
C. SLA
D. NDA

C. SLA

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A startup company is using multiple SaaS and IaaS platforms to stand up a corporate infrastructure and build out a customer-facing web application. Which of the following solutions would be BEST to provide security, manageability, and visibility into the platforms?
A. SIEM
B. DLP
C. CASB
D. SWG

C. CASB

The CASB identifies all cloud applications in use as well as affiliated employees. Classification . The CASB assesses each application, identifies its data, and calculates a risk factor. Remediation .

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A root cause analysis reveals that a web application outage was caused by one of the company’s developers uploading a newer version of the third-party libraries that were shared among several applications. Which of the following implementations would be BEST to prevent the issue from reoccurring?
A. CASB
B. SWG
C. Containerization
D. Automated failover

C. Containerization

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A security administrator suspects there may be unnecessary services running on a server. Which of the following tools will the administrator MOST likely use to confirm the suspicions?
A. Nmap
B. Wireshark
C. Autopsy
D. DNSEnum

A. Nmap

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A company has drafted an insider-threat policy that prohibits the use of external storage devices. Which of the following would BEST protect the company from data exfiltration via removable media?

A. Monitoring large data transfer transactions in the firewall logs
B. Developing mandatory training to educate employees about the removable media policy
C. Implementing a group policy to block user access to system files
D. Blocking removable-media devices and write capabilities using a host-based security tool

D. Blocking removable-media devices and write capabilities using a host-based security tool

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In which of the following common use cases would steganography be employed?
A. Obfuscation
B. Integrity
C. Non-repudiation
D. Blockchain

A. Obfuscation

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To secure an application after a large data breach, an e-commerce site will be resetting all users’ credentials. Which of the following will BEST ensure the site’s users are not compromised after the reset?

A. A password reuse policy
B. Account lockout after three failed attempts
C. Encrypted credentials in transit
D. A geofencing policy based on login history

C. Encrypted credentials in transit

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In which of the following risk management strategies would cybersecurity insurance be used?
A. Transference
B. Avoidance
C. Acceptance
D. Mitigation

A. Transference

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An organization has implemented a policy requiring the use of conductive metal lockboxes for personal electronic devices outside of a secure research lab. Which of the following did the
organization determine to be the GREATEST risk to intellectual property when creating this
policy?

A. The theft of portable electronic devices
B. Geotagging in the metadata of images
C. Bluesnarfing of mobile devices
D. Data exfiltration over a mobile hotspot

D. Data exfiltration over a mobile hotspot

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A security analyst is using a recently released security advisory to review historical logs, looking for the specific activity that was outlined in the advisory. Which of the following is the analyst doing?

A. A packet capture
B. A user behavior analysis
C. Threat hunting
D. Credentialed vulnerability scanning

C. Threat hunting

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Which of the following would MOST likely support the integrity of a voting machine?
A. Asymmetric encryption
B. Blockchain
C. Transport Layer Security
D. Perfect forward secrecy

D. Perfect forward secrecy

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A Chief Information Security Officer (CISO) needs to create a policy set that meets international standards for data privacy and sharing. Which of the following should the CISO read and understand before writing the policies?
A. PCI DSS
B. GDPR
C. NIST
D. ISO 31000

B. GDPR

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The IT department at a university is concerned about professors placing servers on the university
network in an attempt to bypass security controls. Which of the following BEST represents this
type of threat?
A. A script kiddie
B. Shadow IT
C. Hacktivism
D. White-hat

B. Shadow IT

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A commercial cyber-threat intelligence organization observes IoCs across a variety of unrelated customers. Prior to releasing specific threat intelligence to other paid subscribers, the organization is MOST likely obligated by contracts to:

A. perform attribution to specific APTs and nation-state actors.
B. anonymize any PII that is observed within the IoC data.
C. add metadata to track the utilization of threat intelligence reports.
D. assist companies with impact assessments based on the observed data.

B. anonymize any PII that is observed within the IoC data.

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While checking logs, a security engineer notices a number of end users suddenly downloading files with the .tar.gz extension. Closer examination of the files reveals they are PE32 files. The end users state they did not initiate any of the downloads. Further investigation reveals the end users all clicked on an external email containing an infected MHT file with an href link a week prior. Which of the following is MOST likely occurring?

A. A RAT was installed and is transferring additional exploit tools.
B. The workstations are beaconing to a command-and-control server.
C. A logic bomb was executed and is responsible for the data transfers.
D. A fireless virus is spreading in the local network environment.

A. A RAT was installed and is transferring additional exploit tools.

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An organization is developing a plan in the event of a complete loss of critical systems and data. Which of the following plans is the organization MOST likely developing?
A. Incident response
B. Communications
C. Disaster recovery
D. Data retention

C. Disaster recovery

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Which of the following is the purpose of a risk register? A. To define the level or risk using probability and likelihood B. To register the risk with the required regulatory agencies C. To identify the risk, the risk owner, and the risk measures D. To formally log the type of risk mitigation strategy the organization is using

C. To identify the risk, the risk owner, and the risk measures

A university with remote campuses, which all use different service providers, loses Internet connectivity across all locations. After a few minutes, Internet and VoIP services are restored, only to go offline again at random intervals, typically within four minutes of services being restored. Outages continue throughout the day, impacting all inbound and outbound connections and services. Services that are limited to the local LAN or WiFi network are not impacted, but all WAN and VoIP services are affected. Later that day, the edge-router manufacturer releases a CVE outlining the ability of an attacker to exploit the SIP protocol handling on devices, leading to resource exhaustion and system reloads. Which of the following BEST describe this type of attack? (Choose two.) A. DoS B. SSL stripping C. Memory leak D. Race condition E. Shimming F. Refactoring

A. DoS D. Race condition

A company recently set up an e-commerce portal to sell its product online. The company wants to start accepting credit cards for payment, which requires compliance with a security standard. Which of the following standards must the company comply with before accepting credit cards on its e-commerce platform? A. PCI DSS B. ISO 22301 C. ISO 27001 D. NIST CSF

A. PCI DSS

Which of the following BEST describes a security exploit for which a vendor patch is not readily available? A. Integer overflow B. Zero-day C. End of life D. Race condition

B. Zero-day

The Chief Financial Officer (CFO) of an insurance company received an email from Ann, the company's Chief Executive Officer (CEO), requesting a transfer of $10,000 to an account. The email states Ann is on vacation and has lost her purse, containing cash and credit cards. Which of the following social- engineering techniques is the attacker using? A. Phishing B. Whaling C. Typo squatting D. Pharming

B. Whaling

An organization wants to implement a third factor to an existing multifactor authentication. The organization already uses a smart card and password. Which of the following would meet the organization's needs for a third factor? A. Date of birth B. Fingerprints C. PIN D. TPM

B. Fingerprints

An employee has been charged with fraud and is suspected of using corporate assets. As authorities collect evidence, and to preserve the admissibility of the evidence, which of the following forensic techniques should be used? A. Order of volatility B. Data recovery C. Chain of custody D. Non-repudiation

C. Chain of custody

A company wants to deploy PKI on its Internet-facing website. The applications that are currently deployed are: - www.company.com (main website) - contactus.company.com (for locating a nearby location) - quotes.company.com (for requesting a price quote) The company wants to purchase one SSL certificate that will work for all the existing applications and any future applications that follow the same naming conventions, such as store.company.com. Which of the following certificate types would BEST meet the requirements? A. SAN B. Wildcard C. Extended validation D. Self-signed

B. Wildcard

A Chief Security Officer (CSO) is concerned about the amount of PII that is stored locally on each salesperson's laptop. The sales department has a higher-than-average rate of lost equipment. Which of the following recommendations would BEST address the CSO's concern? A. Deploy an MDM solution. B. Implement managed FDE. C. Replace all hard drives with SEDs. D. Install DLP agents on each laptop.

B. Implement managed FDE.

A user contacts the help desk to report the following: - Two days ago, a pop-up browser window prompted the user for a name and password after connecting to the corporate wireless SSID. This had never happened before, but the user entered the information as requested. - The user was able to access the Internet but had trouble accessing the department share until the next day. - The user is now getting notifications from the bank about unauthorized transactions. Which of the following attack vectors was MOST likely used in this scenario? A. Rogue access point B. Evil twin C. DNS poisoning D. ARP poisoning

A. Rogue access point

A host was infected with malware. During the incident response, Joe, a user, reported that he did not receive any emails with links, but he had been browsing the Internet all day. Which of the following would MOST likely show where the malware originated? A. The DNS logs B. The web server logs C. The SIP traffic logs D. The SNMP logs

A. The DNS logs

A recently discovered zero-day exploit utilizes an unknown vulnerability in the SMB network protocol to rapidly infect computers. Once infected, computers are encrypted and held for ransom. Which of the following would BEST prevent this attack from reoccurring? A. Configure the perimeter firewall to deny inbound external connections to SMB ports. B. Ensure endpoint detection and response systems are alerting on suspicious SMB connections. C. Deny unauthenticated users access to shared network folders. D. Verify computers are set to install monthly operating system, updates automatically.

A. Configure the perimeter firewall to deny inbound external connections to SMB ports.

Joe, an employee, receives an email stating he won the lottery. The email includes a link that requests a name, mobile phone number, address, and date of birth be provided to confirm Joe's identity before sending him the prize. Which of the following BEST describes this type of email? A. Spear phishing B. Whaling C. Phishing D. Vishing

C. Phishing

Which of the following refers to applications and systems that are used within an organization without consent or approval? A. Shadow IT B. OSINT C. Dark web D. Insider threats

A. Shadow IT

A manufacturer creates designs for very high security products that are required to be protected and controlled by the government regulations. These designs are not accessible by corporate networks or the Internet. Which of the following is the BEST solution to protect these designs? A. An air gap B. A Faraday cage C. A shielded cable D. A demilitarized zone

A. An air gap

A company processes highly sensitive data and senior management wants to protect the sensitive data by utilizing classification labels. Which of the following access control schemes would be BEST for the company to implement? A. Discretionary B. Rule-based C. Role-based D. Mandatory

D. Mandatory

Which of the following policies would help an organization identify and mitigate potential single points of failure in the company's IT/security operations? A. Least privilege B. Awareness training C. Separation of duties D. Mandatory vacation

C. Separation of duties

Which of the following would be the BEST method for creating a detailed diagram of wireless access points and hotspots? A. Footprinting B. White-box testing C. A drone/UAV D. Pivoting

A. Footprinting

See Question 42 through 44 and Diagram

Which of the following will MOST likely adversely impact the operations of unpatched traditional programmable-logic controllers, running a back-end LAMP server and OT systems with human- management interfaces that are accessible over the Internet via a web interface? (Choose two.) A. Cross-site scripting B. Data exfiltration C. Poor system logging D. Weak encryption E. SQL injection F. Server-side request forgery

D. Weak encryption F. Server-side request forgery

A company recently transitioned to a strictly BYOD culture due to the cost of replacing lost or damaged corporate-owned mobile devices. Which of the following technologies would be BEST to balance the BYOD culture while also protecting the company's data? A. Containerization B. Geofencing C. Full-disk encryption D. Remote wipe

C. Full-disk encryption

A Chief Security Office's (CSO's) key priorities are to improve preparation, response, and recovery practices to minimize system downtime and enhance organizational resilience to ransomware attacks. Which of the following would BEST meet the CSO's objectives? A. Use email-filtering software and centralized account management, patch high-risk systems, and restrict administration privileges on fileshares. B. Purchase cyber insurance from a reputable provider to reduce expenses during an incident. C. Invest in end-user awareness training to change the long-term culture and behavior of staff and executives, reducing the organization's susceptibility to phishing attacks. D. Implement application whitelisting and centralized event-log management, and perform regular testing and validation of full backups.

D. Implement application whitelisting and centralized event-log management, and perform regular testing and validation of full backups.

A network engineer has been asked to investigate why several wireless barcode scanners and wireless computers in a warehouse have intermittent connectivity to the shipping server. The barcode scanners and computers are all on forklift trucks and move around the warehouse during their regular use. Which of the following should the engineer do to determine the issue? (Choose two.) A. Perform a site survey B. Deploy an FTK Imager C. Create a heat map D. Scan for rogue access points E. Upgrade the security protocols F. Install a captive portal

A. Perform a site survey C. Create a heat map

A security administrator suspects an employee has been emailing proprietary information to a competitor. Company policy requires the administrator to capture an exact copy of the employee's hard disk. Which of the following should the administrator use? A. dd B. chmod C. dnsenum D. logger

A. dd - the command line tool used to make a copy in linux

Which of the following is MOST likely to outline the roles and responsibilities of data controllers and data processors? A. SSAE SOC 2 B. PCI DSS C. GDPR D. ISO 31000

C. GDPR

Phishing and spear-phishing attacks have been occurring more frequently against a company's staff. Which of the following would MOST likely help mitigate this issue? A. DNSSEC and DMARC B. DNS query logging C. Exact mail exchanger records in the DNS D. The addition of DNS conditional forwarders

C. Exact mail exchanger records in the DNS

On which of the following is the live acquisition of data for forensic analysis MOST dependent? (Choose two.) A. Data accessibility B. Legal hold C. Cryptographic or hash algorithm D. Data retention legislation E. Value and volatility of data F. Right-to-audit clauses

E. Value and volatility of data F. Right-to-audit clauses

Which of the following incident response steps involves actions to protect critical systems while maintaining business operations? A. Investigation B. Containment C. Recovery D. Lessons learned

B. Containment

A security auditor is reviewing vulnerability scan data provided by an internal security team. Which of the following BEST indicates that valid credentials were used? A. The scan results show open ports, protocols, and services exposed on the target host B. The scan enumerated software versions of installed programs C. The scan produced a list of vulnerabilities on the target host D. The scan identified expired SSL certificates

B. The scan enumerated software versions of installed programs

Which of the following BEST explains the difference between a data owner and a data custodian? A. The data owner is responsible for adhering to the rules for using the data, while the data custodian is responsible for determining the corporate governance regarding the data B. The data owner is responsible for determining how the data may be used, while the data custodian is responsible for implementing the protection to the data C. The data owner is responsible for controlling the data, while the data custodian is responsible for maintaining the chain of custody when handling the date D. The data owner grants the technical permissions for data access, while the data custodian maintains the database access controls to the data

B. The data owner is responsible for determining how the data may be used, while the data custodian is responsible for implementing the protection to the data

A network engineer needs to build a solution that will allow guests at the company's headquarters to access the Internet via WiFi. This solution should not allow access to the internal corporate network, but it should require guests to sign off on the acceptable use policy before accessing the Internet. Which of the following should the engineer employ to meet these requirements? A. Implement open PSK on the APs B. Deploy a WAF C. Configure WIPS on the APs D. Install a captive portal

D. Install a captive portal

An organization with a low tolerance for user inconvenience wants to protect laptop hard drives against loss or data theft. Which of the following would be the MOST acceptable? A. SED B. HSM C. DLP D. TPM

A. SED, Self encrypted drives, can keep your data safe, even if drives are lost, stolen, or missplaced by accident across different stores enclosures.

58. A security analyst receives a SIEM alert that someone logged in to the appadmin test account, which is only used for the early detection of attacks. The security analyst then reviews the following application log: See figure in question 58. Which of the following can the security analyst conclude? A. A replay attack is being conducted against the application. B. An injection attack is being conducted against a user authentication system. C. A service account password may have been changed, resulting in continuous failed logins within the application. D. A credentialed vulnerability scanner attack is testing

C. A service account password may have been changed, resulting in continuous failed logins within the application.

In which of the following situations would it be BEST to use a detective control type for mitigation? A. A company implemented a network load balancer to ensure 99.999% availability of its web application. B. A company designed a backup solution to increase the chances of restoring services in case of a natural disaster. C. A company purchased an application-level firewall to isolate traffic between the accounting department and the information technology department. D. A company purchased an IPS system, but after reviewing the requirements, the appliance was supposed to monitor, not block, any traffic. E. A company purchased liability insurance for flood protection on all capital assets.

D. A company purchased an IPS system, but after reviewing the requirements, the appliance was supposed to monitor, not block, any traffic.

QUESTION 61 The IT department's on-site developer has been with the team for many years. Each time an application is released, the security team is able to identify multiple vulnerabilities. Which of the following would BEST help the team ensure the application is ready to be released to production? A. Limit the use of third-party libraries. B. Prevent data exposure queries. C. Obfuscate the source code. D. Submit the application to QA before releasing it.

D. Submit the application to QA before releasing it.

QUESTION 61 A cybersecurity analyst needs to implement secure authentication to third-party websites without users' passwords. Which of the following would be the BEST way to achieve this objective? A. OAuth B. SSO C. SAML D. PAP

C. SAML

QUESTION 62 An analyst needs to identify the applications a user was running and the files that were open before the user's computer was shut off by holding down the power button. Which of the following would MOST likely contain that information? A. NGFW B. Pagefile C. NetFlow D. RAM

C. NetFlow

QUESTION 63 A remote user recently took a two-week vacation abroad and brought along a corporate-owned laptop. Upon returning to work, the user has been unable to connect the laptop to the VPN. Which of the following is the MOST likely reason for the user's inability to connect the laptop to the VPN? A. Due to foreign travel, the user's laptop was isolated from the network. B. The user's laptop was quarantined because it missed the latest path update. C. The VPN client was blacklisted. D. The user's account was put on a legal hold.

A. Due to foreign travel, the user's laptop was isolated from the network.

QUESTION 64 An organization needs to implement more stringent controls over administrator/root credentials and service accounts. Requirements for the project include: -Check-in/checkout of credentials -The ability to use but not know the password -Automated password changes -Logging of access to credentials Which of the following solutions would meet the requirements? A. OAuth 2.0 B. Secure Enclave C. A privileged access management system D. An OpenID Connect authentication system

D. An OpenID Connect authentication system

QUESTION 65 Several employees return to work the day after attending an industry trade show. That same day, the security manager notices several malware alerts coming from each of the employee's workstations. The security manager investigates but finds no signs of an attack on the perimeter firewall or the NIDS. Which of the following is MOST likely causing the malware alerts? A. A worm that has propagated itself across the intranet, which was initiated by presentation media B. A fileless virus that is contained on a vCard that is attempting to execute an attack C. A Trojan that has passed through and executed malicious code on the hosts D. A USB flash drive that is trying to run malicious code but is being blocked by the host firewall

A. A worm that has propagated itself across the intranet, which was initiated by presentation media

QUESTION 66 After reading a security bulletin, a network security manager is concerned that a malicious actor may have breached the network using the same software flaw. The exploit code is publicly available and has been reported as being used against other industries in the same vertical. Which of the following should the network security manager consult FIRST to determine a priority list for forensic review? A. The vulnerability scan output B. The IDS logs C. The full packet capture data D. The SIEM alerts

A. The vulnerability scan output

QUESTION 67 A financial organization has adopted a new secure, encrypted document-sharing application to help with its customer loan process. Some important PII needs to be shared across this new platform, but it is getting blocked by the DLP systems. Which of the following actions will BEST allow the PII to be shared with the secure application without compromising the organization's security posture? A. Configure the DLP policies to allow all PII B. Configure the firewall to allow all ports that are used by this application C. Configure the antivirus software to allow the application D. Configure the DLP policies to whitelist this application with the specific PII E. Configure the application to encrypt the PII

D. Configure the DLP policies to whitelist this application with the specific PII

QUESTION 68 An auditor is performing an assessment of a security appliance with an embedded OS that was vulnerable during the last two assessments. Which of the following BEST explains the appliance's vulnerable state? A. The system was configured with weak default security settings. B. The device uses weak encryption ciphers. C. The vendor has not supplied a patch for the appliance. D. The appliance requires administrative credentials for the assessment.

C. The vendor has not supplied a patch for the appliance.

QUESTION 69 A company’s bank has reported that multiple corporate credit cards have been stolen over the past several weeks. The bank has provided the names of the affected cardholders to the company’s forensics team to assist in the cyber-incident investigation. An incident responder learns the following information: - The timeline of stolen card numbers corresponds closely with affected users making Internet-based purchases from diverse websites via enterprise desktop PCs. - All purchase connections were encrypted, and the company uses an SSL inspection proxy for the inspection of encrypted traffic of the hardwired network. - Purchases made with corporate cards over the corporate guest WiFi network, where no SSL inspection occurs, were unaffected. Which of the following is the MOST likely root cause? A. HTTPS sessions are being downgraded to insecure cipher suites B. The SSL inspection proxy is feeding events to a compromised SIEM C. The payment providers are insecurely processing credit card charges D. The adversary has not yet established a presence on the guest WiFi network

C. The payment providers are insecurely processing credit card charges

QUESTION 70 A security analyst has been asked to investigate a situation after the SOC started to receive alerts from the SIEM. The analyst first looks at the domain controller and finds the following events: See figure 1 in question.. To better understand what is going on, the analyst runs a command and receives the following output: See figure 2 in question.. Based on the analyst’s findings, which of the following attacks is being executed? A. Credential harvesting B. Keylogger C. Brute-force D. Spraying

D. Spraying

QUESTION 71 Which of the following cloud models provides clients with servers, storage, and networks but nothing else? A. SaaS B. PaaS C. IaaS D. DaaS

C. IaaS

QUESTION 72 A network administrator needs to build out a new datacenter, with a focus on resiliency and uptime. Which of the following would BEST meet this objective? (Choose two.) A. Dual power supply B. Off-site backups C. Automatic OS upgrades D. NIC teaming E. Scheduled penetration testing F. Network-attached storage

A. Dual power supply B. Off-site backups

QUESTION 73 A researcher has been analyzing large data sets for the last ten months. The researcher works with colleagues from other institutions and typically connects via SSH to retrieve additional data. Historically, this setup has worked without issue, but the researcher recently started getting the following message: See figure in question Which of the following network attacks is the researcher MOST likely experiencing? A. MAC cloning B. Evil twin C. Man-in-the-middle D. ARP poisoning

C. Man-in-the-middle

QUESTION 74 A network administrator has been alerted that web pages are experiencing long load times. After determining it is not a routing or DNS issue, the administrator logs in to the router, runs a command, and receives the following output: CPU 0 percent busy, from 300 seconds ago 1 sec ave: 99 percent busy 5 sec ave: 97 percent busy 1 min ave: 83 percent busy Which of the following is the router experiencing? A. DDoS attack B. Memory leak C. Buffer overflow D. Resource exhaustion

D. Resource exhaustion

QUESTION 75 A company provides mobile devices to its users to permit access to email and enterprise applications. The company recently started allowing users to select from several different vendors and device models. When configuring the MDM (MOBILE DEVICE MANAGEMENT), which of the following is a key security implication of this heterogeneous device approach? A. The most common set of MDM configurations will become the effective set of enterprise mobile security controls. B. All devices will need to support SCEP-based enrollment; therefore, the heterogeneity of the chosen architecture may unnecessarily expose private keys to adversaries. C. Certain devices are inherently less secure than others, so compensatory controls will be needed to address the delta between device vendors. D. MDMs typically will not support heterogeneous deployment environments, so multiple MDMs will need to be installed and configured.

C. Certain devices are inherently less secure than others, so compensatory controls will be needed to address the delta between device vendors.

A pharmaceutical sales representative logs on to a laptop and connects to the public WiFi to check emails and update reports. Which of the following would be BEST to prevent other devices on the network from directly accessing the laptop? (Choose two.) A. Trusted Platform Module B. A host-based firewall C. A DLP solution D. Full disk encryption E. A VPN F. Antivirus software

A. Trusted Platform Module B. A host-based firewall

QUESTION 77 A company is implementing MFA (MULTI-FACTOR AUTHENTICATION) for all applications that store sensitive data. The IT manager wants MFA to be non-disruptive and user friendly. Which of the following technologies should the IT manager use when implementing MFA? A. One-time passwords B. Email tokens C. Push notifications D. Hardware authentication

C. Push notifications

QUESTION 78 The CSIRT is reviewing the lessons learned from a recent incident. A worm was able to spread unhindered throughout the network and infect a large number of computers and servers. Which of the following recommendations would be BEST to mitigate the impacts of a similar incident in the future? A. Install a NIDS device at the boundary. B. Segment the network with firewalls. C. Update all antivirus signatures daily. D. Implement application blacklisting.

B. Segment the network with firewalls.

QUESTION 79 A company is adopting a BYOD policy and is looking for a comprehensive solution to protect company information on user devices. Which of the following solutions would BEST support the policy? A. Mobile device management B. Full-device encryption C. Remote wipe D. Biometrics

A. Mobile device management

QUESTION 80 A development team employs a practice of bringing all the code changes from multiple team members into the same development project through automation. A tool is utilized to validate the code and track source code through version control. Which of the following BEST describes this process? A. Continuous delivery B. Continuous integration C. Continuous validation D. Continuous monitoring

B. Continuous integration

QUESTION 81 A cybersecurity administrator needs to add disk redundancy for a critical server. The solution must have a two-drive failure for better fault tolerance. Which of the following RAID levels should the administrator select? A. 0 B. 1 C. 5 D. 6

B. 1

QUESTION 82 Which of the following BEST explains the reason why a server administrator would place a document named password.txt on the desktop of an administrator account on a server? A. The document is a honeyfile and is meant to attract the attention of a cyberintruder. B. The document is a backup file if the system needs to be recovered. C. The document is a standard file that the OS needs to verify the login credentials. D. The document is a keylogger that stores all keystrokes should the account be compromised.

A. The document is a honeyfile and is meant to attract the attention of a cyberintruder.

QUESTION 83 A security administrator has generated an SSH key pair to authenticate to a new server. Which of the following should the security administrator do NEXT to use the keys securely for authentication? Choose 2 A. Install the public key on the server B. Install the private key on the server. C. Encrypt the public key. D. Encrypt the private key. E. Install both keys on the server. F. Securely wipe the certificate signing request.

C. Encrypt the public key. E. Install both keys on the server.

QUESTION 84 A company has just experienced a malware attack affecting a large number of desktop users. The antivirus solution was not able to block the malware, but the HIDS alerted to C2 calls as 'Troj.Generic'. Once the security team found a solution to remove the malware, they were able to remove the malware files successfully, and the HIDS stopped alerting. The next morning, however, the HIDS once again started alerting on the same desktops, and the security team discovered the files were back. Which of the following BEST describes the type of malware infecting this company's network? A. Trojan B. Spyware C. Rootkit D. Botnet

A. Trojan

QUESTION 85 An organization wants to host an externally accessible web server that will not contain sensitive user information. Any sensitive information will be hosted on file servers. Which of the following is the BEST architecture configuration for this organization? A. Host the web server in a DMZ and the file servers behind a firewall B. Host the web server and the file servers in a DMZ C. Host the web server behind a firewall and the file servers in a DMZ D. Host both the web server and file servers behind a firewall

A. Host the web server in a DMZ and the file servers behind a firewall

QUESTION 86 Which of the following describes the ability of code to target a hypervisor from inside a guest OS? A. Fog computing B. VM escape C. Software-defined networking D. Image forgery E. Container breakout

B. VM escape explanation: VM escaping is a vulnerability in virtualization technology where an attacker escapes the isolation of a virtual machine and gains access to the underlying operating system and other VMs on the same physical machine.

QUESTION 87 A company posts a sign indicating its server room is under video surveillance. Which of the following control types is represented? A. Administrative B. Detective C. Technical D. Deterrent

A. Administrative

QUESTION 88 A security administrator has received multiple calls from the help desk about customers who are unable to access the organization's web server. Upon reviewing the log files. the security administrator determines multiple open requests have been made from multiple IP addresses, which is consuming system resources. Which of the following attack types does this BEST describe? A. DDoS B. DoS C. Zero day D. Logic bomb

A. DDoS

See pass for sure for question and answer

QUESTION 90 A junior systems administrator noticed that one of two hard drives in a server room had a red error notification. The administrator removed the hard drive to replace it but was unaware that the server was configured in an array. Which of the following configurations would ensure no data is lost? A. RAID 0 B. RAID 1 C. RAID 2 D. RAID 3

B. RAID 1

QUESTION 91 A system in the network is used to store proprietary secrets and needs the highest level of security possible. Which of the following should a security administrator implement to ensure the system cannot be reached from the Internet? A. VLAN B. Air gap C. NAT D. Firewall

B. Air gap Explanation: An air gap, air wall or air gapping is a network security measure employed on one or more computers to ensure that a secure computer network is physically isolated from unsecured networks, such as the public Internet or an unsecured local area network. It means a computer or network has no network interfaces connected to other networks, with a physical or conceptual air gap, analogous to the air gap used in plumbing to maintain water quality.

QUESTION 92 Which of the following is the BEST use of a WAF (Web application firewall)? A. To protect sites on web servers that are publicly accessible B. To allow access to web services of internal users of the organization. C. To maintain connection status of all HTTP requests D. To deny access to all websites with certain contents

A. To protect sites on web servers that are publicly accessible. Explanation: A web application firewall (WAF) protects web applications from a variety of application layer attacks such as cross-site scripting (XSS), SQL injection, and cookie poisoning, among others

QUESTION 93 A transitive trust: A. is automatically established between a parent and a child. B. is used to update DNS records. C. allows access to untrusted domains. D. can be used in place of a hardware token for logins.

A. is automatically established between a parent and a child.

QUESTION 94 A systems administrator wants to disable the use of usernames and passwords for SSH authentication and enforce key-based authentication. Which of the following should the administrator do NEXT to enforce this new configuration? A. Issue a public/private key pair for each user and securely distribute a private key to each employee. B. Instruct users on how to create a public/private key pair and install users' public keys on the server. C. Disable the username and password authentication and enable TOTP in the sshd.conf file. D. Change the default SSH port. enable TCP tunneling. and provide a pre-configured SSH client.

D. Change the default SSH port. enable TCP tunneling. and provide a pre-configured SSH client.

QUESTION 95 Which of the following would MOST likely be a result of improperly configured user accounts? A. Resource exhaustion B. Buffer overflow C. Session hijacking D. Privilege escalation

D. Privilege escalation

QUESTION 96 An organization is concerned about video emissions from users' desktops. Which of the following is the BEST solution to implement? A. Screen filters B. Shielded cables C. Spectrum analyzers D. Infrared detection

A. Screen filters

QUESTION 97 A security administrator receives alerts from the perimeter UTM. Upon checking the logs, the administrator finds the following output: Time: 12/25 0300 From Zone: Untrust To Zone: DMZ Attacker: externalip.com Victim: 172.16.0.20 To Port: 80 Action: Alert Severity: Critical When examining the PCAP associated with the event, the security administrator finds the following information: Which of the following actions should the security administrator take? A. Upload the PCAP to the IDS in order to generate a blocking signature to block the traffic. B. Manually copy the Thank you, Joe Which of the following BEST describes the attack that was attempted against the forum readers? A. SOU attack B. DLL attack C. XSS attack D. API attack

C. XSS attack Explanation: Cross-Site Scripting (XSS) attacks are a type of injection, in which malicious scripts are injected into otherwise benign and trusted websites.

QUESTION 202 Which of the following organizational policies are MOST likely to detect fraud that is being conducted by existing employees? (Select TWO). A. Offboarding B. Mandatory vacation C. Job rotation D. Background checks E. Separation of duties F. Acceptable use

B. Mandatory vacation C. Job rotation

QUESTION 203 When selecting a technical solution for identity management, an architect chooses to go from an in-house to a third-party SaaS provider. Which of the following risk management strategies is this an example of? A. Acceptance B. Mitigation C. Avoidance D. Transference

D. Transference

QUESTION 204 A security analyst is looking for a solution to help communicate to the leadership team the seventy levels of the organization's vulnerabilities. Which of the following would BEST meet this need? A. CVE B. SIEM C. SOAR D. CVSS

D. CVSS

QUESTION 205 A technician needs to prevent data loss in a laboratory. The laboratory is not connected to any external networks. Which of the following methods would BEST prevent data? (Select TWO) A. VPN B. Drive encryption C. Network firewall D. File-level encryption E. USB blocker F. MFA

B. Drive encryption E. USB blocker

QUESTION 206 Which of the following types of controls is a turnstile? A. Physical B. Detective C. Corrective D. Technical

A. Physical

QUESTION 207 After entering a username and password, and administrator must gesture on a touch screen. Which of the following demonstrates what the administrator is providing? A. Multifactor authentication B. Something you can do C. Biometric D. Two-factor authentication

D. Two-factor authentication

QUESTION 208 A security analyst is reviewing the following attack log output: *** see pass for sure*** Which of the following types of attacks does this MOST likely represent? A. Rainbow table B. Brute-force C. Password-spraying D. Dictionary

C. Password-spraying

QUESTION 209 Which of the following algorithms has the SMALLEST key size? A. DES B. Twofish C. RSA D. AES

B. Twofish--- this is the only one that is a password

QUESTION 210 A website developer is working on a new e-commerce website and has asked an information security expert for the most appropriate way to store credit card numbers to create an easy reordering process. Which of the following methods would BEST accomplish this goal? A. Salting the magnetic strip information B. Encrypting the credit card information in transit. C. Hashing the credit card numbers upon entry. D. Tokenizing the credit cards in the database

C. Hashing the credit card numbers upon entry.

QUESTION 211 A financial analyst is expecting an email containing sensitive information from a client. When the email arrives, the analyst receives an error and is unable to open the encrypted message. Which of the following is the MOST likely cause of the issue? A. The S/MME plug-in is not enabled. B. The SLL certificate has expired. C. Secure IMAP was not implemented D. POP3S is not supported.

A. The S/MME plug-in is not enabled.

QUESTION 212 A system administrator needs to implement an access control scheme that will allow an object's access policy be determined by its owner. Which of the following access control schemes BEST fits the requirements? A. Role-based access control B. Discretionary access control C. Mandatory access control D. Attribute-based access control

B. Discretionary access control

QUESTION 213 Which of the following are the MOST likely vectors for the unauthorized inclusion of vulnerable code in a software company's final software releases? (Select TWO.) A. Unsecure protocols B. Use of penetration-testing utilities C. Weak passwords D. Included third-party libraries E. Vendors/supply chain F. Outdated anti-malware software

A. Unsecure protocols D. Included third-party libraries

QUESTION 214 A malicious actor recently penetration a company's network and moved laterally to the datacenter. Upon investigation, a forensics firm wants to know was in the memory on the compromised server. Which of the following files should be given to the forensics firm? A. Security B. Application C. Dump D. Syslog

C. Dump

QUESTION 215 An enterprise has hired an outside security firm to conduct penetration testing on its network and applications. The firm has only been given the documentation available to the customers of the applications. Which of the following BEST represents the type of testing that will occur? A. Bug bounty B. Black-box C. Gray-box D. White-box

A. Bug bounty

QUESTION 216 A small business just recovered from a ransomware attack against its file servers by purchasing the decryption keys from the attackers. The issue was triggered by a phishing email and the IT administrator wants to ensure it does not happen again. Which of the following should the IT administrator do FIRST after recovery? A. Scan the NAS for residual or dormant malware and take new daily backups that are tested on a frequent basis B. Restrict administrative privileges and patch ail systems and applications. C. Rebuild all workstations and install new antivirus software D. Implement application whitelisting and perform user application hardening

A. Scan the NAS for residual or dormant malware and take new daily backups that are tested on a frequent basis

QUESTION 217 A well-known organization has been experiencing attacks from APIs. The organization is concerned that custom malware is being created and emailed into the company or installed on USB sticks that are dropped in parking lots. Which of the following is the BEST defense against this scenario? A. Configuring signature-based antivirus io update every 30 minutes B. Enforcing S/MIME for email and automatically encrypting USB drives upon insertion. C. Implementing application execution in a sandbox for unknown software. D. Fuzzing new files for vulnerabilities if they are not digitally signed

C. Implementing application execution in a sandbox for unknown software.

QUESTION 218 A cybersecurity administrator has a reduced team and needs to operate an on-premises network and security infrastructure efficiently. To help with the situation, the administrator decides to hire a service provider. Which of the following should the administrator use? A. SDP B. AAA C. IaaS D. MSSP E. Microservices

D. MSSP

QUESTION 219 Which of the following will provide the BEST physical security countermeasures to stop intruders? (Select TWO.) A. Alarms B. Signage C. Lighting D. Mantraps E. Fencing F. Sensors

D. Mantraps E. Fencing

QUESTION 220 A security engineer needs to Implement the following requirements: - All Layer 2 switches should leverage Active Directory tor authentication. - All Layer 2 switches should use local fallback authentication If Active Directory Is offline. - All Layer 2 switches are not the same and are manufactured by several vendors Which of the following actions should the engineer take to meet these requirements? (Select TWO). A. Implement RADIUS. B. Configure AAA on the switch with local login as secondary. C. Configure port security on the switch with the secondary login method. D. Implement TACACS+ E. Enable the local firewall on the Active Directory server. F. Implement a DHCP server.

A. Implement RADIUS. B. Configure AAA on the switch with local login as secondary.

QUESTION 221 A software developer needs to perform code-execution testing, black-box testing, and non- functional testing on a new product before its general release. Which of the following BEST describes the tasks the developer is conducting? A. Verification B. Validation C. Normalization D. Staging

A. Verification

QUESTION 222 A vulnerability assessment report will include the CVSS score of the discovered vulnerabilities because the score allows the organization to better. A. validate the vulnerability exists in the organization's network through penetration testing B. research the appropriate mitigation techniques in a vulnerability database C. find the software patches that are required to mitigate a vulnerability D. prioritize remediation of vulnerabilities based on the possible impact.

D. prioritize remediation of vulnerabilities based on the possible impact.

QUESTION 223 During an incident response, a security analyst observes the following log entry on the web server. Get http://www.companysite.com/product_info.php?show../../../../etc/paswd HTTP/1.1 Host: www.companysite.com Which of the following BEST describes the type of attack the analyst is experience? A. SQL injection B. Cross-site scripting C. Pass-the-hash D. Directory traversal

B. Cross-site scripting

QUESTION 224 Users have been issued smart cards that provide physical access to a building. The cards also contain tokens that can be used to access information systems. Users can log m to any thin client located throughout the building and see the same desktop each time. Which of the following technologies are being utilized to provide these capabilities? (Select TWO) A. COPE B. VDI C. GPS D. TOTP E. RFID F. BYOD

B. VDI E. RFID

QUESTION 225 A security analyst discovers several .jpg photos from a cellular phone during a forensics investigation involving a compromised system. The analyst runs a forensics tool to gather file metadata. Which of the following would be part of the images if all the metadata is still intact? A. The GPS location B. When the file was deleted C. The total number of print jobs D. The number of copies made

A. The GPS location

QUESTION 226 A security analyst is performing a forensic investigation compromised account credentials. Using the Event Viewer, the analyst able to detect the following message, `'Special privileges assigned to new login.'' Several of these messages did not have a valid logon associated with the user before these privileges were assigned. Which of the following attacks is MOST likely being detected? A. Pass-the-hash B. Buffer overflow C. Cross-site scripting D. Session replay

A. Pass-the-hash Pass the hash (PtH) is a type of cybersecurity attack in which an adversary steals a “hashed” user credential and uses it to create a new user session on the same network

QUESTION 227 A security analyst needs to generate a server certificate to be used for 802.1X and secure RDP connections. The analyst is unsure what is required to perform the task and solicits help from a senior colleague. Which of the following is the FIRST step the senior colleague will most likely tell the analyst to perform to accomplish this task? A. Create an OCSP B. Generate a CSR C. Create a CRL D. Generate a .pfx file

B. Generate a CSR Explanation: A CSR (Certificate Signing Request) is a specially formatted encrypted message sent from a Secure Sockets Layer (SSL) digital certificate applicant to a certificate authority (CA). The CSR validates the information the CA requires to issue a certificate.

QUESTION 228 An organization hired a consultant to assist with an active attack, and the consultant was able to identify the compromised accounts and computers. Which of the following is the consultant MOST likely to recommend to prepare for eradication? A. Quarantining the compromised accounts and computers, only providing them with network access B. Segmenting the compromised accounts and computers into a honeynet so as to not alert the attackers. C. Isolating the compromised accounts and computers, cutting off all network and internet access. D. Logging off and deleting the compromised accounts and computers to eliminate attacker access.

B. Segmenting the compromised accounts and computers into a honeynet so as to not alert the attackers.

QUESTION 229 Users at organization have been installing programs from the internet on their workstations without first proper authorization. The organization maintains a portal from which users can install standardized programs. However, some users have administrative access on their workstations to enable legacy programs to function property. Which of the following should the security administrator consider implementing to address this issue? A. Application code signing B. Application white listing C. Data loss prevention D. Web application firewalls

B. Application whitelisting Explanation: Application whitelisting is the practice of specifying an index of approved software applications or executable...

QUESTION 230 A security analyst needs to determine how an attacker was able to use User3 to gain a foothold within a company's network. The company's lockout policy requires that an account be locked out for a minimum of 15 minutes after three unsuccessful attempts. While reviewing the log files, the analyst discovers the following: ***see diagram on pass for sure** Which of the following attacks MOST likely occurred? A. Dictionary B. Credential-stuffing C. Password-spraying D. Brute-force

D. Brute-force

QUESTION 231 Joe, a user at a company, clicked an email link led to a website that infected his workstation. Joe, was connected to the network, and the virus spread to the network shares. The protective measures failed to stop this virus, and It has continues to evade detection. Which of the following should administrator implement to protect the environment from this malware? A. Install a definition-based antivirus. B. Implement an IDS/IPS C. Implement a heuristic behavior-detection solution. D. Implement CASB to protect the network shares.

C. Implement a heuristic behavior-detection solution.

QUESTION 232 A security analyst needs to complete an assessment. The analyst is logged into a server and must use native tools to map services running on it to the server's listening ports. Which of the following tools can BEST accomplish this talk? A. Netcat B. Netstat C. Nmap D. Nessus

B. Netstat

QUESTION 233 An organization just experienced a major cyberattack modem. The attack was well coordinated sophisticated and highly skilled. Which of the following targeted the organization? A. Shadow IT B. An insider threat C. A hacktivist D. An advanced persistent threat

D. An advanced persistent threat

QUESTION 234 A user enters a password to log in to a workstation and is then prompted to enter an authentication code. Which of the following MFA factors or attributes are being utilized in the authentication process? (Select TWO). A. Something you know B. Something you have C. Somewhere you are D. Someone you are E. Something you are F. Something you can do

A. Something you know B. Something you have

QUESTION 235 A security engineer is reviewing log files after a third discovered usernames and passwords for the organization's accounts. The engineer sees there was a change in the IP address for a vendor website one earlier. This change lasted eight hours. Which of the following attacks was MOST likely used? A. Man-in-the middle B. Spear-phishing C. Evil twin D. DNS poising

D. DNS poising

QUESTION 236 A database administrator needs to ensure all passwords are stored in a secure manner, so the administrate adds randomly generated data to each password before string. Which of the following techniques BEST explains this action? A. Predictability B. Key stretching C. Salting D. Hashing

C. Salting

QUESTION 237 A network administrator is setting up wireless access points in all the conference rooms and wants to authenticate device using PKI. Which of the following should the administrator configure? A. A captive portal B. PSK C. 802.1X D. WPS

C. 802.1X

QUESTION 238 An organization that is located in a flood zone is MOST likely to document the concerns associated with the restoration of IT operation in a: A. business continuity plan B. communications plan. C. disaster recovery plan. D. continuity of operations plan

C. disaster recovery plan.

QUESTION 239 A network engineer is troubleshooting wireless network connectivity issues that were reported by users. The issues are occurring only in the section of the building that is closest to the parking lot. Users are intermittently experiencing slow speeds when accessing websites and are unable to connect to network drives. The issues appear to increase when laptop users return desks after using their devices in other areas of the building. There have also been reports of users being required to enter their credentials on web pages in order to gain access to them. Which of the following is the MOST likely cause of this issue? A. An external access point is engaging in an evil-twin attack. B. The signal on the WAP needs to be increased in that section of the building. C. The certificates have expired on the devices and need to be reinstalled. D. The users in that section of the building are on a VLAN that is being blocked by the firewall.

A. An external access point is engaging in an evil-twin attack.

QUESTION 240 A global pandemic is forcing a private organization to close some business units and reduce staffing at others. Which of the following would be BEST to help the organization's executives determine the next course of action? A. An incident response plan B. A communications plan C. A disaster recovery plan D. A business continuity plan

D. A business continuity plan

QUESTION 241 Which of the following scenarios BEST describes a risk reduction technique? A. A security control objective cannot be met through a technical change, so the company purchases insurance and is no longer concerned about losses from data breaches. B. A security control objective cannot be met through a technical change, so the company implements a policy to train users on a more secure method of operation. C. A security control objective cannot be met through a technical change, so the company changes as method of operation D. A security control objective cannot be met through a technical change, so the Chief Information Officer (CIO) decides to sign off on the risk.

B. A security control objective cannot be met through a technical change, so the company implements a policy to train users on a more secure method of operation.

QUESTION 242 An organization with a low tolerance for user inconvenience wants to protect laptop hard drives against loss or data theft. Which of the following would be the MOST acceptable? A. SED B. HSM C. DLP D. TPM

A. SED Explanation: The abbreviation “SED” stands for “self-encrypting drive.” An SED is a hard disk drive (HDD) or solid state drive (SSD) with an encryption circuit built into the drive. It transparently encrypts all data written to the media and, when unlocked, transparently decrypts all data read from the media.

QUESTION 243 An end user reports a computer has been acting slower than normal for a few weeks. During an investigation, an analyst determines the system is sending the user's email address and a ten-digit number to an IP address once a day. The only recent log entry regarding the user's computer is the following: ***see pass for sure**** Which of the following is the MOST likely cause of the issue? A. The end user purchased and installed a PUP from a web browser B. A bot on the computer is brute forcing passwords against a website C. A hacker is attempting to exfiltrate sensitive data D. Ransomware is communicating with a command-and-control server.

A. The end user purchased and installed a PUP from a web browser

QUESTION 244 Which of the following scenarios would make a DNS sinkhole effective in thwarting an attack? A. An attacker is sniffing traffic to port 53, and the server is managed using unencrypted usernames and passwords. B. An organization is experiencing excessive traffic on port 53 and suspects an attacker is trying to DoS the domain name server. C. Malware trying to resolve an unregistered domain name to determine if it is running in an isolated sandbox D. Routing tables have been compromised, and an attacker is rerouting traffic to malicious websites

A. An attacker is sniffing traffic to port 53, and the server is managed using unencrypted usernames and passwords.

QUESTION 245 A security analyst reviews the datacenter access logs for a fingerprint scanner and notices an abundance of errors that correlate with users' reports of issues accessing the facility. Which of the following MOST likely the cause of the cause of the access issues? A. False rejection B. Cross-over error rate C. Efficacy rale D. Attestation

B. Cross-over error rate

QUESTION 246 A company's Chief Information Security Officer (CISO) recently warned the security manager that the company's Chief Executive Officer (CEO) is planning to publish a controversial option article in a national newspaper, which may result in new cyberattacks Which of the following would be BEST for the security manager to use in a threat mode? A. Hacktivists B. White-hat hackers C. Script kiddies D. Insider threats

A. Hacktivists

QUESTION 247 When used at the design stage, which of the following improves the efficiency, accuracy, and speed of a database? A. Tokenization B. Data masking C. Normalization D. Obfuscation

C. Normalization

QUESTION 248 An analyst needs to set up a method for securely transferring files between systems. One of the requirements is to authenticate the IP header and the payload. Which of the following services would BEST meet the criteria? A. TLS B. PFS C. ESP D. AH

A. TLS

QUESTION 249 A company has determined that if its computer-based manufacturing is not functioning for 12 consecutive hours, it will lose more money that it costs to maintain the equipment. Which of the following must be less than 12 hours to maintain a positive total cost of ownership? A. MTBF B. RPO C. RTO D. MTTR

C. RTO

QUESTION 250 Which of the following control sets should a well-written BCP include? (Select THREE) A. Preventive B. Detective C. Deterrent D. Corrective E. Compensating F. Physical G. Recovery

A. Preventive D. Corrective G. Recovery

QUESTION 251 The manager who is responsible for a data set has asked a security engineer to apply encryption to the data on a hard disk. The security engineer is an example of a: A. data controller. B. data owner C. data custodian. D. data processor

D. data processor

QUESTION 252 Which of the following disaster recovery tests is The LEAST time-consuming for the disaster recovery team? A. Tabletop B. Parallel C. Full interruption D. Simulation

D. Simulation

QUESTION 253 Some laptops recently went missing from a locked storage area that is protected by keyless RFID-enabled locks. There is no obvious damage to the physical space. The security manager identifies who unlocked the door, however, human resources confirms the employee was on vacation at the time of the incident. Which of the following describes what MOST likely occurred? A. The employee's physical access card was cloned. B. The employee is colluding with human resources C. The employee's biometrics were harvested D. A criminal used lock picking tools to open the door.

A. The employee's physical access card was cloned.

QUESTION 254 Which of the following would be the BEST resource for a software developer who is looking to improve secure coding practices for web applications? A. OWASP B. Vulnerability scan results C. NIST CSF D. Third-party libraries

A. OWASP Explanation: The OWASP Top 10 are an “Awareness Document”, to raise the sensitivity of technical staff, project leaders and organisation on the most frequent vulnerabilities, and in general on the security needs of Web applications.

QUESTION 255 A security analyst is reviewing logs on a server and observes the following output: ***see diagram*** Which of the following is the security analyst observing? A. A rainbow table attack B. A password-spraying attack C. A dictionary attack D. A keylogger attack

C. A dictionary attack

QUESTION 256 A security analyst needs to make a recommendation for restricting access to certain segments of the network using only data-link layer security. Which of the following controls will the analyst MOST likely recommend? A. MAC B. ACL C. BPDU D. ARP

A. MAC

QUESTION 257 A startup company is using multiple SaaS and IaaS platform to stand up a corporate infrastructure and build out a customer-facing web application. Which of the following solutions would be BEST to provide security, manageability, and visibility into the platforms? A. SIEM B. DLP C. CASB D. SWG

C. CASB

QUESTION 258 An organization routes all of its traffic through a VPN Most users are remote and connect into corporate datacenter that houses confidential information There is a firewall at the Internet border followed by a DIP appliance, the VPN server and the datacenter itself. Which of the following is the WEAKEST design element? A. The DLP appliance should be integrated into a NGFW. B. Split-tunnel connections can negatively impact the DLP appliance's performance C. Encrypted VPN traffic will not be inspected when entering or leaving the network D. Adding two hops in the VPN tunnel may slow down remote connections

C. Encrypted VPN traffic will not be inspected when entering or leaving the network

QUESTION 259 Which of the following are requirements that must be configured for PCI DSS compliance? (Select TWO). A. Testing security systems and processes regularly B. Installing and maintaining a web proxy to protect cardholder data C. Assigning a unique ID to each person with computer access D. Encrypting transmission of cardholder data across private networks E. Benchmarking security awareness training for contractors F. Using vendor-supplied default passwords for system passwords

B. Installing and maintaining a web proxy to protect cardholder data D. Encrypting transmission of cardholder data across private networks

QUESTION 260 A network technician is installing a guest wireless network at a coffee shop. When a customer purchases an Item, the password for the wireless network is printed on the recent so the customer can log in. Which of the following will the technician MOST likely configure to provide the highest level of security with the least amount of overhead? A. WPA-EAP B. WEP-TKIP C. WPA-PSK D. WPS-PIN

A. WPA-EAP

QUESTION 261 A security engineer needs to implement an MDM solution that complies with the corporate mobile device policy. The policy states that in order for mobile users to access corporate resources on their devices the following requirements must be met: - Mobile device OSs must be patched up to the latest release - A screen lock must be enabled (passcode or biometric) - Corporate data must be removed if the device is reported lost or stolen Which of the following controls should the security engineer configure? (Select TWO) A. Containerization B. Storage segmentation C. Posturing D. Remote wipe E. Full-device encryption F. Geofencing

D. Remote wipe E. Full-device encryption

QUESTION 262 Which of the following would BEST identify and remediate a data-loss event in an enterprise using third-party, web-based services and file-sharing platforms? A. SIEM B. CASB C. UTM D. DLP

D. DLP

QUESTION 263 A forensics examiner is attempting to dump password cached in the physical memory of a live system but keeps receiving an error message. Which of the following BEST describes the cause of the error? A. The examiner does not have administrative privileges to the system B. The system must be taken offline before a snapshot can be created C. Checksum mismatches are invalidating the disk image D. The swap file needs to be unlocked before it can be accessed

A. The examiner does not have administrative privileges to the system

QUESTION 264 To reduce costs and overhead, an organization wants to move from an on-premises email solution to a cloud-based email solution. At this time, no other services will be moving. Which of the following cloud models would BEST meet the needs of the organization? A. MaaS B. laaS C. SaaS D. PaaS

D. PaaS

QUESTION 265 A security manager for a retailer needs to reduce the scope of a project to comply with PCI DSS. The PCI data is located in different offices than where credit cards are accepted. All the offices are connected via MPLS back to the primary datacenter. Which of the following should the security manager implement to achieve the objective? A. Segmentation B. Containment C. Geofencing D. Isolation

A. Segmentation

QUESTION 266 A company is launching a new internet platform for its clients. The company does not want to implement its own authorization solution but instead wants to rely on the authorization provided by another platform. Which of the following is the BEST approach to implement the desired solution? A. OAuth B. TACACS+ C. SAML D. RADIUS

D. RADIUS

QUESTION 267 The facilities supervisor for a government agency is concerned about unauthorized access to environmental systems in the event the staff WiFi network is breached. Which of the blowing would BEST address this security concern? A. install a smart meter on the staff WiFi. B. Place the environmental systems in the same DHCP scope as the staff WiFi. C. Implement Zigbee on the staff WiFi access points. D. Segment the staff WiFi network from the environmental systems network.

D. Segment the staff WiFi network from the environmental systems network.

QUESTION 268 A security analyst is reviewing the output of a web server log and notices a particular account is attempting to transfer large amounts of money: ***see diagram*** Which of the following types of attack is MOST likely being conducted? A. SQLi B. CSRF C. Session replay D. API

C. Session replay

QUESTION 269 A security analyst is logged into a Windows file server and needs to see who is accessing files and from which computers. Which of the following tools should the analyst use? A. netstat B. net share C. netcat D. nbtstat E. net session

A. netstat

QUESTION 270 After consulting with the Chief Risk Officer (CRO). A manager decides to acquire cybersecurity insurance for the company. Which of the following risk management strategies is the manager adopting? A. Risk acceptance B. Risk avoidance C. Risk transference D. Risk mitigation

C. Risk transference

QUESTION 271 A company is designing the layout of a new datacenter so it will have an optimal environmental temperature. Which of the following must be included? (Select TWO) A. An air gap B. A cold aisle C. Removable doors D. A hot aisle E. An loT thermostat F. A humidity monitor

E. An loT thermostat F. A humidity monitor

QUESTION 272 A security analyst is investigating an incident to determine what an attacker was able to do on a compromised laptop. The analyst reviews the following SIEM log: **see diagram** Which of the following describes the method that was used to compromise the laptop? A. An attacker was able to move laterally from PC1 to PC2 using a pass-the-hash attack B. An attacker was able to bypass application whitelisting by emailing a spreadsheet attachment with an embedded PowerShell in the file C. An attacker was able to install malware to the CAasdf234 folder and use it to gam administrator nights and launch Outlook D. An attacker was able to phish user credentials successfully from an Outlook user profile

A. An attacker was able to move laterally from PC1 to PC2 using a pass-the-hash attack

QUESTION 273 A company has decided to move its operations to the cloud. It wants to utilize technology that will prevent users from downloading company applications for personal use, restrict data that is uploaded, and have visibility into which applications are being used across the company. Which of the following solutions will BEST meet these requirements? A. An NGFW B. A CASB C. Application whitelisting D. An NG-SWG

B. A CASB

QUESTION 274 An attacker is exploiting a vulnerability that does not have a patch available. Which of the following is the attacker exploiting? A. Zero-day B. Default permissions C. Weak encryption D. Unsecure root accounts

A. Zero-day

QUESTION 275 An attacker has successfully exfiltrated several non-salted password hashes from an online system. Given the logs below: ***see diagram on pass for sure** Which of the following BEST describes the type of password attack the attacker is performing? A. Dictionary B. Pass-the-hash C. Brute-force D. Password spraying

A. Dictionary

QUESTION 276 A company is upgrading its wireless infrastructure to WPA2-Enterprise using EAP-TLS. Which of the following must be part of the security architecture to achieve AAA? (Select TWO) A. DNSSEC B. Reverse proxy C. VPN concentrator D. PKI E. Active Directory F. RADIUS

E. Active Directory F. RADIUS

QUESTION 277 Which of the following environments minimizes end-user disruption and is MOST likely to be used to assess the impacts of any database migrations or major system changes by using the final version of the code? A. Staging B. Test C. Production D. Development

B. Test

QUESTION 278 An information security incident recently occurred at an organization, and the organization was required to report the incident to authorities and notify the affected parties. When the organization's customers became of aware of the incident, some reduced their orders or stopped placing orders entirely. Which of the following is the organization experiencing? A. Reputation damage B. Identity theft C. Anonymlzation D. Interrupted supply chain

A. Reputation damage

QUESTION 279 An attacker is attempting to exploit users by creating a fake website with the URL users. Which of the following social-engineering attacks does this describe? A. Information elicitation B. Typo squatting C. Impersonation D. Watering-hole attack

D. Watering-hole attack

QUESTION 280 Following a prolonged datacenter outage that affected web-based sales a company has decided to move its operations to a private cloud solution. The security team has received the following requirements: - There must be visibility into how teams are using cloud-based services. - The company must be able to identify when data related to payment cards is being sent to the cloud. - Data must be available regardless of the end user's geographic location - Administrators need a single pane-of-glass view into traffic and trends. Which of the following should the security analyst recommend? A. Create firewall rules to restrict traffic to other cloud service providers. B. Install a DLP solution to monitor data in transit. C. Implement a CASB solution. D. Configure a web-based content filter.

B. Install a DLP solution to monitor data in transit.

QUESTION 281 A security engineer has enabled two-factor authentication on all workstations. Which of the following approaches are the MOST secure? (Select TWO). A. Password and security question B. Password and CAPTCHA C. Password and smart card D. Password and fingerprint E. Password and one-time token F. Password and voice

C. Password and smart card D. Password and fingerprint

QUESTION 282 A large enterprise has moved all Hs data to the cloud behind strong authentication and encryption. A sales director recently had a laptop stolen and later, enterprise data was round to have been compromised database. Which of the following was the MOST likely cause? A. Shadow IT B. Credential stuffing C. SQL injection D. Man-in-the-browser E. Bluejacking

A. Shadow IT

QUESTION 283 During a routine scan of a wireless segment at a retail company, a security administrator discovers several devices are connected to the network that do not match the company's naming convention and are not in the asset Inventory. WiFi access Is protected with 255-Wt encryption via WPA2. Physical access to the company's facility requires two-factor authentication using a badge and a passcode. Which of the following should the administrator implement to find and remediate the Issue? (Select TWO). A. Check the SIEM for failed logins to the LDAP directory. B. Enable MAC filtering on the switches that support the wireless network. C. Run a vulnerability scan on all the devices in the wireless network D. Deploy multifactor authentication for access to the wireless network E. Scan the wireless network for rogue access points. F. Deploy a honeypot on the network

B. Enable MAC filtering on the switches that support the wireless network. E. Scan the wireless network for rogue access points.

QUESTION 284 A security analyst Is hardening a Linux workstation and must ensure It has public keys forwarded to remote systems for secure login. Which of the following steps should the analyst perform to meet these requirements? (Select TWO). A. Forward the keys using ssh-copy-id. B. Forward the keys using scp. C. Forward the keys using ash -i. D. Forward the keys using openssl -s. E. Forward the keys using ssh-keyger.

A. Forward the keys using ssh-copy-id. D. Forward the keys using openssl -s.

QUESTION 285 A company recently experienced an attack in which a malicious actor was able to exfiltrate data by cracking stolen passwords, using a rainbow table the sensitive data. Which of the following should a security engineer do to prevent such an attack in the future? A. Use password hashing. B. Enforce password complexity. C. Implement password salting. D. Disable password reuse.

D. Disable password reuse.

QUESTION 286 The website http://companywebsite.com requires users to provide personal Information, Including security question responses, for registration. Which of the following would MOST likely cause a data breach? A. Lack of input validation B. Open permissions C. Unsecure protocol D. Missing patches

C. Unsecure protocol

QUESTION 287 The process of passively gathering information pior to launching a cyberattack is called: A. tailgating B. reconnaissance C. pharming D. prepending

B. reconnaissance

QUESTION 288 An attacked is attempting to exploit users by creating a fake website with the URL www.validwebsite.com. The attacker s intent is to imitate the look and feel of a legitimate website to obtain personal information from unsuspecting users. Which of the following social-engineering attacks does this describe? A. Information elicitation B. Typo squatting C. Impersonation D. Watering-hole attack

D. Watering-hole attack

QUESTION 289 An attacker is trying to gain access by installing malware on a website that is known to be visited by the target victims. Which of the following is the attacker MOST likely attempting? A. A spear-phishing attack B. A watering-hole attack C. Typo squatting D. A phishing attack

B. A watering-hole attack

QUESTION 290 Which of the following types of controls is a CCTV camera that is not being monitored? A. Detective B. Deterrent C. Physical D. Preventive

B. Deterrent

QUESTION 291 A cybersecurity administrator is using iptables as an enterprise firewall. The administrator created some rules, but the network now seems to be unresponsive All connections are being dropped by the firewall. Which of the following would be the BEST option to remove the rules? A. # iptables -t mangle -X B. # iptables -F C. # iptables -Z D. # iptables -P INPUT -j DROP

D. # iptables -P INPUT -j DROP

QUESTION 295 A security analyst needs to perf rm periodic vulnerability scans on production systems. Which of the following scan Types would produce the BEST vulnerability scan report? A. Port B. Intrusive C. Host discovery D. Credentialed

D. Credentialed

QUESTION 296 A company was recently breached Part of the company's new cybersecurity strategy is to centralize the logs from all security devices. Which of the following components forwards the logs to a central source? A. Log enrichment B Log aggregation B. Log parser C. Log collector

C. Log collector

Given the following logs: ***see pass for sure*** Which of the following BEST describes the type of attack that is occurring? A. Rainbow table B. Dictionary C. Password spraying D. Pass-the-hash

C. Password spraying

QUESTION 298 An organization is concerned that its hosted web servers are not running the most updated version of the software. Which of the followi g would work BEST to help identify potential vulnerabilities? A. hping3 -S corsptia.org -p 80 B. nc --1 --v comptia.org -p 80 C. nmap comptia.org -p 80 --sV D. nslookup -port 80 comptia.org

C. nmap comptia.org -p 80 --sV

QUESTION 299 Which of the following will MOST likely cause machine learning and Al-enabled systems to operate with unintended consequences? A. Stored procedures B. Buffer overflows C. Data bias D. Code reuse

Answer: C. Data bias Explanation: htps://lionbridge.ai/artcles/7-types-of-data-bias-in-machine-learning/

QUESTION 300 An organization blocks user access to command-line interpreters but hackers still managed to invoke the interpreters using native administrative tools. Which of the following should the security team do to prevent this from Happening in the future? A. Implement HIPS to block Inbound and outbound SMB ports 139 and 445. B. Trigger a SIEM alert whenever the native OS tools are executed by the user C. Disable the built-in OS utilities as long as they are not needed for functionality. D. Configure the AV to quarantine the native OS tools whenever they are executed

C. Disable the built-in OS utilities as long as they are not needed for functionality.

QUESTION 301 An analyst has determined that a server was not patched and an external actor exfiltrated data on port 139. Which of the following sources should the analyst review to BEST ascertain how the Incident could have been prevented? A. The vulnerability scan output B. The security logs C. The baseline report D. The correlation of events

B. The security logs

QUESTION 302 A local coffee shop runs a small WiFi hotspot for its customers that utilizes WPA2-PSK. The coffee shop would like to stay current with security trends and wants to implement WPA3 to make its WiFi even more secure. Which of the following technologies will the coffee shop MOST likely use in place of PSK? A. WEP B. MSCHAP C. WPS D. SAE

D. SAE

QUESTION 303 A security analyst is running a vulnerability scan to check for missing patches during a suspected security rodent. During which of the following phases of the response process is this activity MOST likely occurring? A. Containment B. Identification C. Recovery D. Preparation

B. Identification

QUESTION 304 Which of the following is MOST likely to contain ranked and ordered information on the likelihood and potential impact of catastrophic events that may affect business processes and systems, while also highlighting the residual risks that need to be managed after mitigating controls have been implemented? A. An RTO report B. A risk register C. A business impact analysis D. An asset value register E. A disaster recovery plan

B. A risk register

QUESTION 305 A client sent several inquiries to a project manager about the delinquent delivery status of some critical reports. The project manager darned the reports were previously sent via email but then quickly generated and backdated the reports before submitting them via a new email message. Which of the following actions MOST likely supports an investigation for fraudulent submission? A. Establish chain of custody B. Inspect the file metadata C. Reference the data retention policy D. Review the email event logs

D. Review the email event logs

QUESTION 306 A university is opening a facility in a location where there is an elevated risk of theft The university wants to protect the desktops in its classrooms and labs. Which of the following should the university use to BEST protect these assets deployed in the facility? A. Visitor logs B. Cable locks C. Guards D. Disk encryption E. Motion detection

B. Cable locks