Seawater Chemistry

Question 0

What is considered salt in ocean?

Answer 0

Any dissolved inorganic material in water. Contains trace amounts of most naturally occurring elements

Question 1

What is the average salinity of the ocean?

Answer 1

3.5% or 35 parts per thousand

Question 2

How many parts per thousand is fresh water?

Answer 2

.5

Question 3

What is the salinity of brackish water?

Answer 3

Between .5 and 30 ppt

Question 4

What is the salinity of saline water?

Answer 4

Between 30 and 50

Question 5

What is the salinity of hyper saline water?

Answer 5

Anything above 50 ppt

Question 6

What regional factors can decrease salinity in water?

Answer 6

Heavy rainfall, influence of major rivers, proximity of melting ice

Question 7

What regional factors can increase average salinity in water?

Answer 7

High evaporation rates, isolation

Question 8

Is the salinity around the equator higher or lower than average?

Answer 8

Lower due to high rainfall rates

Question 9

What degree latitude has higher salinity rates due to low amounts of rainfall?

Answer 9

30 degrees latitude

Question 10

around what degree latitude does salinity decrease due to higher rainfall rates?

Answer 10

Around 60 degrees latitude

Question 11

How is salt continuously added to oceans through the salt cycle?

Answer 11

Salt is added by rivers and underwater volcanism

Question 12

At the same time salt is being added, it is simultaneously being removed. How?

Answer 12

The formation of evaporites, absorption into ocean floor miss and clays, biology(life)

Question 13

What are the three major gases dissolved in the ocean?

Answer 13

Nitrogen
Oxygen
Carbon dioxide

Question 14

What percentage of the gases in the ocean is nitrogen?

Answer 14

48%

Question 15

What percentage of gases in the ocean is oxygen?

Answer 15

36%

Question 16

What percentage of gases in the ocean is carbon dioxide?

Answer 16

15%

Question 17

How do the atmosphere and ocean exchange gases?

Answer 17

Through the waves and air

Question 18

Which is dominant in shallow water oxygen or carbon dioxide?

Answer 18

Oxygen

Question 19

At what depth does carbon dioxide take over oxygen in the ocean?

Answer 19

About 1000 feet down a fairly shallow depth

Question 20

Carbon dioxide levels increase with depth. Why?

Answer 20

Increased water pressure, decreased temperatures, undersea volcanoes, decreasing amounts of algae, continued presence of animal life