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Semester 3: Reproductive > Season 1 > Flashcards

Season 1 Flashcards

1
Q

What are the tubules embedded in? (penis)

A

Fibrous capsule (Tunica albuginea)

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2
Q

Which structure derived from the peritoneum covers the testes and what is it’s structure?

A

Tunica Vaginalis

  • Parietal layer
  • Cavity
  • Visceral layer
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3
Q

Where does spermatogenesis occur?

A

Semineferous tubules

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4
Q

Where does the sperm mature and learn to swim?

A

In the Epididymis

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5
Q

What is the rete testis?

A

Hilum of the testes where things go in and come out

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6
Q

What is a hydrocoele?

A

A collection of serous fluid within the tunica vaginalis. It is most commonly due to a failure of the processus vaginalis to close.

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7
Q

What are sertoli cells?

A

Sertoli cells are the somatic cells of the testis that are spermatogenesis. They are vital for maturation of sperm

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8
Q

What is the purpose of Leydig cells?

A
  • Sit outside of tubules and are involved in testosterone synthesis.
  • Involved in lipid metabolism
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9
Q

Why does the left testicle hang lower than the right?

A

Greater resistance for drainage for the left so it hangs lower

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10
Q

What is testicular torsion?

A

Testicular torsion occurs when the spermatic cord twists upon itself. This causes an increase in the pressure in the region and this leads to occlusion of the testicular artery, resulting in necrosis of the testes.

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11
Q

Why are the testicles sutured after receiving a testicular torsion?

A

The individual normally has a predisposition for the spermatic cord to twists upon itself

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12
Q

Why can’t the testicles swap sides?

A

Septum of the scrotum prevents this.

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13
Q

How is the spermatic fascia formed?

A

-Testes evaginate the abdominal wall as they are pulled through the gubernaculum.

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14
Q

What are the fascial coverings of the spermtic cord?

A
  • External spermatic fascia
  • Cremaster muscle and fascia
  • Internal spermatic fascia
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15
Q

What is the anatomical course of the vas deferens?

A
  • It is continuous with the tail of the epididymis.
  • Travels through the inguinal canal.
  • Moves down the lateral pelvic wall in close proximity to the ischial spine.
  • Turns medially to pass between the bladder and the ureter.
  • Joins the duct from the seminal vesicle to form the ejaculatory duct.
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16
Q

What does the seminal vesicles synthesise?

A

Most of the seminal fluid.

17
Q

How much seminal fluid does prostate gland produce?

A

Quarter of the solution

18
Q

Which part does BPH and prostate cancers affect?

A
  • BPH affects the transitional zone

- Prostate cancers tend to affect the peripheral zone

19
Q

Why does BPH present earlier than prostate carcinomas?

A

The BPH affect the transitional zone whereas prostate carcinoma is usually in the peripheral zone. This means that symptoms (trouble urinating) presents later on.

20
Q

What occurs at the pelvic floor during catheterisation?

A

It is the narrowest part so increased resistance so you have to keep pushing

21
Q

What are the functions of the penis?

A
  • Expulsion of urine via urethra
  • Deposition of sperm in female genital tract
  • Removal of competitors’ sperm
  • Attraction of mates
22
Q

How does an erection form?

A

Vasodilation in penile arterioles and compression of veins.

23
Q

How is vasodilation initiated?

A

By parasympathetic stimulation

24
Q

How is an erection terminated?

A

Vasocontriction

25
Q

Which nervous system control ejaculation?

A

Sympathetic Nervous system

26
Q

What is the structure of the penis?

A

2 corpus Cavinosum

1 Corpus spongiosum

27
Q

What surround the corpus cavinosum?

A

The tunica albuginea of the penis.

28
Q

How are the collagen fibres of the tunica albuginea of the penis arranged?

A

Arranged at right angles to each other.

There are circumferential collagen fibres and parallel collagen fibres

Semester 3: Reproductive (5 decks)

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