SE Flashcards
Neuro/epilepsy drugs which cause myelosuppression/agranulocytosis
Phenytoin
Carbamazepine
Antipsychotics
Immunosuppressant drugs which cause myelosuppression/agranulocytosis
Azathioprine
Methotrexate
Interferon-alpha
Other drugs (not neuro/rheum) which cause myelosuppression/agranulocytosis
Carbimazole
Thiazides
Ganciclovir
Chloramphenicol
Drugs which cause tardive dyskinesia?
Levodopa
Antipsychotics
Phenytoin
Fusidic acid
Cholestatic (can cause jaundice)
Ca channel blockers
Flushing,
Bradycardia (verapamil and diltiazem),
Ankle swelling (dihydropiridines)
PPAR gamma receptor antagonists (thiazolidinediones) eg. pioglitazone
- Weight gain
- Liver impairment: monitor LFTs
- Fluid retention - therefore contraindicated in heart failure.
- Increased risk of: fractures, bladder cancer
Phenytoin
everything….
Acute:
• Headaches
• Confusion, heading to seizures
Chronic (dose dependent): • Facial coarsening • Gum hyperplasia • PDGF induction • Alters folate (megaloblastic anaemia) and vit D metabolism (osteomalacia) • Dyskinesia • Lymphadenopathy
Idiopathic:
• Dupuytren’s contracture
• Hepatitis
Teratogenic:
• Cleft palate
• Congenital heart defect
Drugs which cause jaundice?
Pre-hepatic:
• Causes of haemolysis - chemo or malaria drugs)
• Impaired uptake of bilirubin - inhibited by rifampicin and radio-contrast agents
Hepatic: • Paracetamol (hepatitis) • TB drugs except for ethambutol (ison, rifamp, pyramidazine) • Halothane • Statins • MAOIs • Valproate
Post-hepatic: • Chlorpromazine & prochlorperazine • Lots of antibiotics: fluclox, co-amoxiclav, fusidic acid • Sulphonylureas • Steroids
Quinolone (eg. moxi/levo/o - flaxacin/fluroquinolone)
Decreased seizure threshold
Tendon damage - mainly in animal studies, limited evidence
Sulphonylureas
Can cause hypos (whereas metformin doesn’t)
B-blockers + diabetes
Reduced awareness of hypos
SEs of ergot-derived dopamine agonists (bromocriptine and cabergoline)?
Cardiopulmonary retroperitoneal fibrosis
Bisphosphonates
- Oesophagitis (upto 25%)
- Oesteonecrosis of the jaw
- Increased risk of atypical stress fractures of the proximal femoral shaft in pts taking alendronate
Phenytoin
Carbamazepine
Amantadine
Nicorandil
Dizziness
Cyclophosphamide
Haemorrhagic cystitis
Bleomycin
Pulmonary fibrosis
Doxorubicin
Cardiotoxic
Cisplatin
Carboplatin
Nephrotoxic
Acoustic nerve damage
IV bolus furosemide
Ototoxicity
Vincristine
Peripheral neuropathy
Gynaecomastia
- Spironolactone
- Digoxin
- Verapamil
- Cimetidine
- Metronidazole
SIADH
- Carbamazepine
- Cyclophosphamide
- Chlorpropamide
- SSRIs
- TCAs
Prolonged QTc
Fluoroquinolones: cipro
Venlafaxine
Neuroleptics: phenothiazines, haldol
Macrolides
Antiarrhythmics 1a/III: quinidine, amiodarone, sotalol
TCAs
Histamine antagonists
Thrombocytopenia
Valproate
Salicylates
Chloroquine
Neutropenia
- Carbamazepine
- Carbimazole
- Clozapine
- Sulfasalazine
Pancytopenia / aplastic anaemia
Cytotoxics Phenytoin Chloramphenicol Penicillamine Phenothiazines Methyldopa
Photosensitivity
Amiodarone
Thiazides
Sulfonylureas
Pulmonary fibrosis
Bleomycin Busulfan Amiodarone Nitrofurantoin Sulfasalazine Methotrexate Methysergide
Lithium and diuretics
Diuretics decreases lithium clearance
Simvastatin
Atorvastatin
Rosuvastatin
- Headache
- Gastrointestinal disturbances
- Myopathy
- Rhabdomyolysis (rare)
- Risk in liver enzymes (ALT) leading to drug induced hepatitis (rare)
Nitrates
- Headache
- Postural hypotension
- Syncope
- Flushing
- Reflex tachycardia
- Tolerance with prolonged use
Acetazolamide
Dorzolamide
Methazolamide
Brinzolamide
Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors
- Paresthesia
- Tinnitus
- Anorexia
- Vomiting
- Somnolence
- Rash: erythema multiforme to Stevens-Johnson syndrome
