Oesophagitis (upto 25%) Oesteonecrosis of the jaw Increased risk of atypical stress fractures of the proximal femoral shaft in pts taking alendronate

SE Flashcards by (Anonymous)

Neuro/epilepsy drugs which cause myelosuppression/agranulocytosis

Phenytoin
Carbamazepine
Antipsychotics

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Immunosuppressant drugs which cause myelosuppression/agranulocytosis

Azathioprine
Methotrexate
Interferon-alpha

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Other drugs (not neuro/rheum) which cause myelosuppression/agranulocytosis

Carbimazole
Thiazides
Ganciclovir
Chloramphenicol

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Drugs which cause tardive dyskinesia?

Levodopa
Antipsychotics
Phenytoin

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Fusidic acid

Cholestatic (can cause jaundice)

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Ca channel blockers

Flushing,

Bradycardia (verapamil and diltiazem),

Ankle swelling (dihydropiridines)

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PPAR gamma receptor antagonists (thiazolidinediones) eg. pioglitazone

Weight gain
Liver impairment: monitor LFTs
Fluid retention - therefore contraindicated in heart failure.
Increased risk of: fractures, bladder cancer

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Phenytoin

everything….

Acute:
• Headaches
• Confusion, heading to seizures

Chronic (dose dependent):
•	Facial coarsening
•	Gum hyperplasia
•	PDGF induction
•	Alters folate (megaloblastic anaemia) and vit D metabolism (osteomalacia)
•	Dyskinesia
•	Lymphadenopathy

Idiopathic:
• Dupuytren’s contracture
• Hepatitis

Teratogenic:
• Cleft palate
• Congenital heart defect

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Drugs which cause jaundice?

Pre-hepatic:
• Causes of haemolysis - chemo or malaria drugs)
• Impaired uptake of bilirubin - inhibited by rifampicin and radio-contrast agents

Hepatic:
•	Paracetamol (hepatitis)
•	TB drugs except for ethambutol (ison, rifamp, pyramidazine)
•	Halothane
•	Statins
•	MAOIs
•	Valproate

Post-hepatic:
•	Chlorpromazine &amp; prochlorperazine
•	Lots of antibiotics: fluclox, co-amoxiclav, fusidic acid
•	Sulphonylureas
•	Steroids

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Quinolone (eg. moxi/levo/o - flaxacin/fluroquinolone)

Decreased seizure threshold

Tendon damage - mainly in animal studies, limited evidence

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Sulphonylureas

Can cause hypos (whereas metformin doesn’t)

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B-blockers + diabetes

Reduced awareness of hypos

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SEs of ergot-derived dopamine agonists (bromocriptine and cabergoline)?

Cardiopulmonary retroperitoneal fibrosis

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Bisphosphonates

Oesophagitis (upto 25%)
Oesteonecrosis of the jaw
Increased risk of atypical stress fractures of the proximal femoral shaft in pts taking alendronate

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Phenytoin
Carbamazepine
Amantadine
Nicorandil

Dizziness

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Cyclophosphamide

Haemorrhagic cystitis

Bleomycin

Pulmonary fibrosis

Doxorubicin

Cardiotoxic

Cisplatin

Carboplatin

Nephrotoxic

Acoustic nerve damage

IV bolus furosemide

Ototoxicity

Vincristine

Peripheral neuropathy

Gynaecomastia

Spironolactone
Digoxin
Verapamil
Cimetidine
Metronidazole

SIADH

Carbamazepine
Cyclophosphamide
Chlorpropamide
SSRIs
TCAs

Prolonged QTc

Fluoroquinolones: cipro

Venlafaxine

Neuroleptics: phenothiazines, haldol

Macrolides

Antiarrhythmics 1a/III: quinidine, amiodarone, sotalol

TCAs

Histamine antagonists

Thrombocytopenia

􏰀 Valproate 􏰀 Salicylates 􏰀 Chloroquine

Neutropenia

- Carbamazepine - Carbimazole - Clozapine - Sulfasalazine

Pancytopenia / aplastic anaemia

``` 􏰀 Cytotoxics 􏰀 Phenytoin 􏰀 Chloramphenicol 􏰀 Penicillamine 􏰀 Phenothiazines 􏰀 Methyldopa ```

Photosensitivity

Amiodarone Thiazides Sulfonylureas

Pulmonary fibrosis

``` 􏰀 Bleomycin 􏰀 Busulfan 􏰀 Amiodarone 􏰀 Nitrofurantoin 􏰀 Sulfasalazine 􏰀 Methotrexate 􏰀 Methysergide ```

Lithium and diuretics

Diuretics decreases lithium clearance

Simvastatin Atorvastatin Rosuvastatin

- Headache - Gastrointestinal disturbances - Myopathy - Rhabdomyolysis (rare) - Risk in liver enzymes (ALT) leading to drug induced hepatitis (rare)

Nitrates

- Headache - Postural hypotension - Syncope - Flushing - Reflex tachycardia - Tolerance with prolonged use

Acetazolamide Dorzolamide Methazolamide Brinzolamide

Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors - Paresthesia - Tinnitus - Anorexia - Vomiting - Somnolence - Rash: erythema multiforme to Stevens-Johnson syndrome