SDLC

Question 1

What is SDLC?

Answer 1

the cost-effective and time-efficient process that development teams use to design and build high-quality software.

Question 2

What are the different types of SDLC methodologies?

Answer 2

The different models of SDLC are –

Waterfall model
Agile model
Iterative or incremental model
Spiral model
RAD – Rapid Application Development model
V-Shaped model
Evolutionary prototype model

Question 3

What are the different phases of SDLC?

Answer 3

The phases of SDLC are Planning, Requirements, Design, Implementation, Testing, Deployment, and Maintenance.

Question 4

Explain the Waterfall model.

Answer 4

The Waterfall model is a linear and sequential approach to software development, where each phase must be completed before moving on to the next.

In the Waterfall model, you can’t start building the house (coding) until the blueprint (design) is finished, and you can’t test the house (software) until construction (coding) is complete. Each step follows the next in a strict sequence.

Question 5

What is Agile methodology?

Answer 5

Agile is an iterative and incremental approach to software development, emphasizing flexibility and customer satisfaction. It involves collaboration between self-organizing, cross-functional teams.

Agile is a flexible, iterative, and incremental approach focused on delivering working software quickly, with constant collaboration between cross-functional teams and frequent feedback from the customer. Development is done in short cycles called sprints (typically 1-4 weeks long).

Question 6

What is the V-Model in SDLC?

Answer 6

The V-Model is an extension of the Waterfall model where each development stage is associated with a testing phase.

It emphasizes that for every stage of development, there’s a matching testing activity to ensure that the product meets the requirements at each level.

Question 7

Explain the Spiral model.

Answer 7

The Spiral model is a risk-driven approach that combines the idea of iterative development with the systematic aspects of the Waterfall model.

The project goes through several cycles (or spirals), where in each spiral, risk analysis is performed, followed by planning, design, coding, and testing.
Key Feature: Focus on identifying and mitigating risks early, making it ideal for large, complex, or high-risk projects.

Question 8

What is the difference between Verification and Validation in SDLC?

Answer 8

Verification ensures that the product is being built according to the requirements, while validation ensures that the product meets the customer’s needs.

Question 9

Define Software Configuration Management (SCM).

Answer 9

SCM is the process of managing changes in software, including version control, configuration identification, and configuration control.

Question 10

Explain the term “Baseline” in SDLC.

Answer 10

A baseline is a reference point that is used for comparison. It is often used in configuration management to track changes.

Question 12

What is the purpose of a Feasibility Study in SDLC?

Answer 12

A Feasibility Study assesses the practicality and viability of a proposed project.

Question 13

Explain the Spiral model.

Answer 13

The Spiral model is a risk-driven approach that combines the idea of iterative development with the systematic aspects of the Waterfall model.

The project goes through several cycles (or spirals), where in each spiral, risk analysis is performed, followed by planning, design, coding, and testing.

Question 14

Explain the importance of the Design phase.

Answer 14

The Design phase translates requirements into a blueprint for the system and involves creating architecture, data structures, and system specifications.

Question 15

Define Unit Testing.

Answer 15

Unit Testing is the process of testing individual components or modules of a system in isolation.

Question 16

What is Deployment in SDLC?

Answer 16

Deployment involves making the software available for use in the production environment.

Question 17

What is the difference between Verification and Validation in SDLC?

Answer 17

Verification ensures that the product is being built according to the requirements, while validation ensures that the product meets the customer’s needs.

Question 18

Define Software Configuration Management (SCM).

Answer 18

SCM is the process of managing changes in software, including version control, configuration identification, and configuration control.

Question 19

Explain the term “Baseline” in SDLC

Answer 19

A baseline is a reference point that is used for comparison. It is often used in configuration management to track changes.

A baseline is a defined, approved version of a product, document, or set of configurations at a specific point in time. Once a baseline is established, any changes made after that point are tracked and compared against the baseline to monitor progress or deviations. It’s essentially a snapshot of the system or project that allows teams to manage changes effectively.

Question 20

Define Risk Management in SDLC.

Answer 20

Risk Management involves identifying, assessing, and mitigating risks throughout the project.

Question 21

What is the difference between Black Box and White Box Testing?

Answer 21

Black Box Testing focuses on testing the functionality of the system, while White Box Testing involves testing the internal logic and structure of the system.

Question 22

What is Continuous Integration (CI) in SDLC?

Answer 22

Continuous Integration is the practice of frequently integrating code changes into a shared repository to detect and address integration issues early.

Question 23

Define the term “Sprint” in Agile methodology.

Answer 23

A Sprint is a time-boxed iteration in Agile development, typically lasting 2-4 weeks, where a potentially shippable product increment is delivered.

Question 24

Define the term “Agile Manifesto.”

Answer 24

The Agile Manifesto is a foundational document that outlines the values and principles behind the Agile methodology for software development.

Question 25

What is the difference between a Use Case and a User Story?

Answer 25

A Use Case is a detailed, structured description that explains how a system interacts with an external entity (like a user or another system) to achieve a specific goal. It defines the step-by-step interactions between the user and the system and is often used in traditional or formal software development methodologies.

A User Story is a simple, high-level, and informal description of a feature or requirement, typically from the user’s perspective. It’s widely used in Agile development to define a small piece of functionality that delivers value to the user. Unlike Use Cases, User Stories are intentionally brief and focus on the “who,” “what,” and “why” of a feature.