SDD Basics

Question 1

Programs can be planned by using something called the IPO model.
What do the letters IPO stand for?

Answer 1

Input
Process
Output

Question 2

What is “pseudocode” and what is its purpose in creating programs?

Answer 2

Pseudocode is a simple plan of a program that uses simple language and steps.

If you were asked to write a program to calculate the area of a rectangle, you might write pseudocode something like this, but there are other ways you could write it. What is key is that you include all inputs (variable names), processing (this is calculations, if statements, loops) and outputs:

RECEIVE height FROM KEYBOARD
RECEIVE width FROM KEYBOARD

area = height * width

SEND area TO DISPLAY

Question 3

State the function that would replace the ? to display the message on the screen:

?(“Hello, World “)

Answer 3

print

Remember: Other functions that you have learned so far are input() and randint()

Question 4

A ? is a random piece of code built into Python that does a specific action for you. An example would be print()

Answer 4

function
Remember: Other functions are input() and randint()

Question 5

State the name of the function that is used to allow users to enter something while the program is running.

Answer 5

input()

Question 6

Explain how to correct the error in this code:

age=input(int(“Enter your age.“)

Answer 6

There is a bracket missing. It should look like this:

age=input(int(“Enter your age.“))

Question 7

State the name of the variable type used for keyboard characters.

Answer 7

string

Question 8

State the type of variable used for whole numbers.

Answer 8

integer

Question 9

State the type of variable that would be used to store decimal numbers.

Answer 9

float

Question 10

What type of data would a Boolean variable store?

Answer 10

either true or false

Question 11

Which type of variable should be used to store aveTemperature?

Answer 11

float

Question 12

Explain why a float type would not be the best variable type to store numberOfCars.

Answer 12

You would only have whole numbers for cars; so integer would be the best type.
You would store 2.5 cars, for example.

Question 13

A Python program often starts with lines of code like these:

width=0.0
height=0.0
area=0.0

Explain what these lines of code do.

Answer 13

These lines declare variables AND set up their starting values.

Question 14

A program calculates the area of a room. Here is a little sample of the start of it:

width=0.0
height=0.0
area=0.0

width= float( ?? (‘‘Enter the width of the room’’))

What should go in the ?? so that the user can type in the width?

Answer 14

input

Question 15

Which Python operator (mathematical symbol) should be used instead of the ? to multiply the variables should below.
a= 12
b= 3

print(a ? b)

Answer 15

*

Question 16

What is the output from the following code?

x = 12
y = 3

print(x / y)

Answer 16

4

Question 17

People need to be at least 17 to drive in the UK.

What operator (mathematical symbol or symbols) should replace the ? in the pseudocode below:

IF age ? 17 THEN “You can drive”

Answer 17

age >=17

Question 18

This code doesn’t work and an error message is displayed when Bob tried to run the code. Explain the error.

age=0
licenceID=’’ ‘’
age=input(int(“Enter your age.“)
licenseID=input(‘‘Enter your license ID’’)

Answer 18

The variable for the licence is declared as licenceID, but when trying to get input, the Bob has mistyped the variable as licenseID.

Question 19

What symbol is used to comment a line in Python?

Answer 19

#

Question 20

What does ‘print()’ do in Python?

Answer 20

It outputs text or variables to the console.

Question 21

True or False: Indentation is important in Python.

Answer 21

True

Question 22

What data type is used to represent true or false values in Python?

Answer 22

Boolean

Question 23

What is a conditional statement?

Answer 23

Code that helps the program select an action to take.

Question 25

What is the purpose of a fixed loop in programming?

Answer 25

To repeat a block of code multiple times.

Question 26

What keyword is used to create a loop to repeat a set number of times?

Answer 26

for

Question 27

Fill in the blank: The _____ function is used to convert a string to an integer in Python.

Answer 27

int

Question 28

Which of the following is an example of a conditional statement? a) if b) for c) while

Answer 28

a) if

Question 29

A program is being written to tell the user to wear a coat if the temperature is at least 10 degrees C, but some of the code is missing in two places at ?. Complete the missing code: temperatureC=10 if temperature ? 0 : ?("Wear a coat.")

Answer 29

The example again was: temperatureC=10 if temperature ? 0 : ?("Wear a coat.") The answer is: temperatureC=10 if temperature > = 0 : print("Wear a coat.")

Question 30

Customers of the Birthday Cafe get a free coffee if the month of their birth is selected by their app. The months are represented by numbers. Complete this line of code at ? to randomly select a month of birth. winningMonth=0 winningMonth=random.?(?,?)

Answer 30

The example again was: winningMonth=0 winningMonth=random.?(?,?) The answer is winningMonth=0 winningMonth=random.randint(1,12)

Question 31

What keyword is used to create a fixed loop in Python?

Answer 31

for

Question 32

True or False: A fixed loop in Python can run indefinitely.

Answer 32

False

Question 33

Fill in the blank: The syntax for a fixed loop is 'for ___ in range(n):'.

Answer 33

variable name there - you probably selected i as this is what we usually use to refer to the loop counter

Question 34

Which of the following is a correct way to start a fixed loop? a) while x < 10 b) for x in range(10) c) repeat x < 10

Answer 34

b) for x in range(10)