Sculpture, Photography, and Architecture During the Last Half of the 19th Cent. Flashcards
Who is Auguste Rodin?
French Sculptor
used to be traditional; classicism (modern figures clad in classical clothes), romanticism (to elicit a supercharged emotional response–intense facial expressions; aggitation) relatively slick, highly finished; done in marble
Camille Claudelle-pupil of Rodin (lover)
gestural, agitated, broken stroke fashion in handling the bronze
What is this sculpture?
Auguste Rodin Burghers of Calais (1884-89)
Rodin analysis
real hisotical scene; Edward layed seize to city of Calais; everyone was starving; Edward offered to lay off seize if they send out six of the nobility to spare the city
existential situation of modern man; inability to communicate their dispair
render inner feelings through muscular tension
sculptor must learn to represent surface and allow that vibrates; hollows and mounds, not slick and smooth
most heroic commemorative sculptures are put above; you look up at them; Rodin made it close to the ground level to bring you into the scene
tendency towards abstraction, geometric simplification
broken surfaces–no smooth uninterrupted surfaces; all of little gouged surfaces; ridges that catch light
What is this?
Eadward Muybridge Galloping Horse (1878)
Muybridge analysis
stilling gait/galloping horse
stanford enlisted Muybridge to come to still gait of trotter to win bet taht all four hooves are off the ground
used fast shutter speed but had it altered because it was blurry
Muybridge killed man who wa sleeping with his wife; tried for murder but exonorated for crime of passion
set up 12 cameras with even faser shutter speed with rip wires to produce nonblury pictures five years later; gaits that we don’t normally see
30,000 negatives–animal locomotion; allowed for increased accuracy in anatomy and gait in painting and other works of art; invaluable aid to artists; would liberate artists to focus on the exact movements
What is this?
Fredrick Church George Eastman with a #2 Kodak Camera Aboard the SS Gallia (1890)
Church’s analysis
no longer large camera with glass film; small portable camera with film in a role (100 exposures)
don’t have to develop film–send in the whole camera and they would develop the film for you, make prints and they would send it back to you
portable photography and in the hands of the public
snapshots: instantaneous images of small elements of life
puts the camera in the hands of the masses
What is this?
Louis Sullivan Wainwright Building (1890)
Architecture in the First Half of the 19th Century
romanticism (longing for exotic, long ago, past, emotional response)
1851: engineers begin to determine what was architecture in the modern world
Crystal Palace out of caste plate glassto display artificats of Industrial revolution
walls no longer load bearing but skeletal structure of iron; would eventually use teel to support the building
Great Chicago fire–business district has to be rebuilt
Wainwright analysis:
build vertically instead of horizontally; made possible to by tesnile srength of steel; steel would inject air into fire; burn hotter, make steel faster
major building material of buildings
Chicago Style of Architecture
building not in terms of sprawl but vertically
would have zoning laws where you’d have to pay for airspace
