SCRUM Guide Flashcards
Who is responsible for content and ordering in the product backlog?
The product owner
Who is responsible for estimates in the product backlog?
The development team
Who decides how and when product backlog refinement is done?
The scrum team
What is the maximum timebox of the product backlog refinement?
Maximum of 10% of the capacity of the dvelopment team
Every item in the product backlog requires significant detail and clairty
False, items lower in the backlog do not require as much detail and clarity
What 5 details do product backlog items need
Desciription, order, estimate, value, test description
What is scrum?
A framework within which people can address complex adaptive problems, while creatively and productively delivering products of highest possible value.
What 4 items does Scrum framework consist of?
Scrum teams and their roles, events, artifacts and rules
What is the essence of scrum?
A small team of highly flexible and adaptive people.
What is theory Scrum founded on?
Empiricism or empirical process control theory.
What does empiricism assert?
Knowledge comes from experience and making decisions based on what is known.
What approach does scrum take to optimize predictability and control risk?
Scrum adopts an iterative and incremental approach.
What are the 3 pillars of empirical process control?
Transparency, inspection and adaptation.
What is transparency?
A significant aspect of process must be defined by a common standard so that observers can share a common understanding — Definition of Done.
How frequent must a scrum inspection be?
Frequent, but not too frequent that it gets in the way of work.
When are adaptations made?
As soon as possible, to avoid further deviation.
What are the 4 formal events for inspection and adaptation?
a) Sprint Planning b) Daily Scrum c) Sprint Review d) Sprint Retrospective
What are the scrum values?
focus, respect, openness, Commitment, courage
What is the scrum team made up of?
Product Owner, Scrum Master and the Development team.
What are the two characteristics of Scrum teams?
Self-organizing and cross functional.
What does Self-organizing mean?
Teams know how best to accomplish their work, rather than being directed by others outside the team.
What does Cross functional mean?
The team has all the competencies needed to accomplish the work without depending on others who are not part of the team.
What three things does the team model in scrum optimize?
Flexibility, creativity and productivity.
What two things is the product owner responsible for?
a) Maximizing the value of the product and development team b) Managing the product backlog
What are the 5 parts of Product Backlog management?
a) Clearly expressing product backlog items b) Ensuring dev team understands the product backlog items c) Ordering the items in the product backlog d) Ensuring that the product backlog is clear, visible and transparent e) Optimizing the value of work the development team performs
What are the five characteristics of the development team?
a) Self-organized b) Cross Functional c) No sub teams d) No sub titles e) Share collective Accountability
What is the ideal development team size?
3–9
What is the scrum master responsible for?
Supporting and promoting scrum.
What are the Scrum Master characteristics?
a) Ensures scrum is understood and enacted b) Servant leader c) Maximizes productivity of scrum team d) Helps those outside the team understand which of their interactions are helpful
What is Scrum Master’s Service to the Product Owner? (7)
a) Product Backlog management techniques b) Ensuring team understands need for clear and concise PBIs c) Ensuring Product owner knows how to arrange PBIs to maximize value d) Ensuring team knows how to understand and practice agility e) Facilitate scrum events as needed f) Ensuring that goals, scope and product domain are understood by the scrum team g) Understanding product planning in an empirical environment
What is Scrum Master’s service to the development team? (5)
a) Coaching development team in self-organization and cross functionality b) Removing impediments c) Creating products of high value d) Facilitate scrum events as needed e) Coaching dev teams in environments where scrum is not yet fully adopted or understood
What is Scrum Master’s service to the organization? (5)
a) Leading and coaching the organization in scrum adoption b) Planning scrum implementations within the organization c) Helping employees and stake holders understand and enact scrum and empirical product development d) Causing changes that increase productivity of scrum team e) Working with other scrum masters to increase effectiveness of scrum
What are the events in scrum for inspection and adaptation? (4)
Sprint Planning, Daily scrum, sprint review, sprint retrospective.
Is sprint an event for inspection?
No, the sprint is just a container event.
When does a new sprint start?
Immediately after the conclusion of the previous sprint.
Once a sprint begins can it be lengthened or shortened?
Its duration is fixed and cannot be lengthened or shortened.
What does a Sprint contain and consist of? (5)
Sprint planning, daily scrum, the development work, sprint review, sprint retrospective.
Can quality goals change during the sprint?
No
Can changes be made that would endanger the sprint goal during the sprint?
No
Can scope be renegotiated during the sprint?
Yes
What are the dangers of having sprints longer than one month?
a) The definition of what is being built may change b) Complexity may rise c) Risk may increase
Who has the authority to cancel a sprint?
The product owner.
When can a sprint be cancelled?
The sprint goal becomes obsolete.
When can the sprint goal become obsolete? (2)
a) Company changes direction b) Market or technology changes
What happens when a sprint is cancelled? (3)
a) Done product items are reviewed b) If it is potentially releasable, Product Owner accepts it c) Incomplete PBIs are re-estimated and put in the backlog
Who create the sprint plan?
Scrum team.
What is the time box for a monthly sprint’s sprint planning?
Eight hours. For shorter sprints, it is shorter.
What does a sprint planning meeting clarify? (2)
a) What can be delivered in the increment in the upcoming sprint? b) How will the work needed to deliver the increment be achieved?
What are the inputs for sprint planning meeting? (4)
a) Product backlog b) Increment c) Projected capacity d) Past performance
Number of PBIs to be selected for a sprint is determined by whom?
Development team.
The sprint goal is crafted by whom?
Scrum team.
What is the sprint goal’s purpose?
Provides guidance to the development team as to why it is building the increment.
What is the Sprint Backlog? (2)
a) PBI for the current sprint b) Sprint plan
What happens at the end of the sprint planning meeting? (2)
a) Work planned for the first few days is decomposed often into units of one day or less. b) Development team should be able to explain to the Product Owner and Scrum Master how it intends to work as a self-organizing team to accomplish the sprint goal and create the increment.
What is the time box for a daily scrum?
15 minutes.
Why is the daily scrum held at the same place and time?
The consistency reduces the complexity.
Is the structure of the daily scrum fixed?
It is not fixed, and is set by the development team.
What are the recommended questions for a daily scrum? (3)
a) What did I do yesterday to meet the sprint goal? b) What will I do today to meet the sprint goal? c) What are the impediments?
Which team is responsible for conducting daily scrum?
Development team.
Who is the person who is responsible for teaching the dev team to keep daily scrum within 15 min?
Scrum master.
Who participates in the Daily scrum?
Development team.
Who ensures that the daily scrum happens?
Scrum master.
Can other nonmembers be present in the daily scrum?
They can be present/attend, but cannot participate.
What is the time box for a sprint review meeting?
4 hours or less for a monthly sprint.
What is the purpose of the sprint review?
To inspect the increment and adapt the product backlog.
What is the role of scrum master in sprint review?
a) Ensure that the event takes place and attendees understand its purpose b) Teaches everyone to keep it within the time box
What are the elements of the sprint review? (8)
a) Product owner invites attendees including the scrum team and key stakeholder b) Product Owner explains items that are done/not done from Product Backlog c) Dev team discusses what went well, problems and their resolution d) Dev team demonstrates work done, and answers questions about the increment e) Product Owner discusses the product backlog as it stands and projects likely target date based on progress made f) Entire group collaborates on what to do next ; inputs for the subsequent sprint planning g) Review market, any changes and what is most valuable to do next h) Review timeline, budget, potential capabilities etc.
What is the outcome of the sprint review?
A revised product backlog that defines probable PBIs for the next sprint.
What is the time-box for a sprint retrospective?
3 hours or less for a monthly sprint.
Define sprint retrospective?
An opportunity for the scrum team to inspect itself and create a plan for improvements during the next sprint.
What does the scrum master ensure during a sprint retrospective? (3)
a) Attendees attend the meeting b) The meeting is positive and productive c) Meeting is kept within time-box
Who participates as a peer team member in a sprint retrospective?
Scrum master.
What is the purpose of the sprint retrospective? (3)
a) Inspect how the last sprint went with regards to people, process, relationships and tools b) Identify the things that went well, and potential improvements c) Create a plan for implementing the potential improvement
What happens at the end of the sprint retrospective?
Scrum team identifies improvements that it will implement in the next sprint.
Responsibility for the product backlog lies with whom?
The Product Owner.
What is the Product Backlog? (2)
a) An ordered list of everything that is required for the product b) It is the single source of requirements for any changes to made on the product
Is the Product Backlog ever complete?
Never Complete. It exists as long as the product exists.
What are the characteristics of the product backlog? (3)
a) Dynamic b) Never complete, and exists as long as the product exists c) Living artifact
What are the attributes of a product backlog? (4)
a) Description b) Order c) Estimate d) Value
How many number of product backlogs can we have for multiple teams?
One.
Delete
Yes
What is Product Backlog Refinement?
The act of adding details, order and estimate to the items. It is an ongoing process in which product owner and dev team collaborate.
What is the time taken for refinement in a sprint?
No more than 10% of dev team capacity.
What are user stories
Short descriptions of a feature explained from the perspective of the person who desires the feature
Test description is sometimes called
Acceptance criteria
Do all items in the product backlog need to be user stories
No
Who talks to stakeholders to understand needs
Product owner
What is an estimate
A best guess of effort nessasary to carry out a given task
What is the difference between the product backlog and sprint backlog
Product backlog is an ordered list of features that the product could or should have. The sprint backlog contains tha product backlog items that will be done in the current sprint.
The product backlog is the responsibility of the
Product owner
The sprint backlog is the responsibility of the
Development team
The daily scrump is an inspect and adapt meeting.
TRUE
Who owns the sprint review meeting
The product owner
Who facilitates the sprint review meeting?
The scrum master
What is the maximum length of a sprint review meeting
4 hours
During what type of meeting is there a live demonstration?
The sprint review meeting
What happens between the Sprint review meeting and planning the next sprint?
The sprint retrospective
Are outside people allowed at sprint retrospectives?
No
What is the maximum time box for a sprint retrospective
3 hours
What is the purpose of the sprint retrospective (4)
To figure out how the last sprint went with respect to people, relationships, processes, tools
Who plans and organizes the sprint retrospective
The scrum master
Who has the authority to cancil a sprint
The product owner
The main responsibility of the product owner is to
Maximize the value of the product resulting from the work of the development team
Product owners can be committees
FALSE
The product owner can delegate ordering the product log to the development team, but they still remain accountable
TRUE
The goal of the development team
Is to create a potentially releasable incriment at the end of each sprint
No one tells the development team how to work except the scrum master
False, development teams are self organizing
Is the scrum master included in the count of the development team size?
No, unless they are part of the development team
Who is responsible for ensureing the goals, scope and product domain are understood
The scrum master
The scrum master mentors the product owner on how to manager the product backlog
TRUE
Is scrum a framework or a process?
It is a framework, not a process
These are the scrum artifacts (3)
product backlog, sprint backlog, the increment
Scrum has 4 formal events for inspection and adaptation
Sprint planning, daily scrum, sprint review, retrospective
What is the maximum number of product owners a product can have
1
What is the maximum number of scrum masters a product can have?
There isn’t a limit. But there can be only one product owner per product team.
Are burndown charts manditory for scrum?
No
Burndown charts are related to - project costs - business value - remaining work - productivity
Remaining work
Technical debt, or code debt or design debt is where
unresolved issues from the past come back to haunt you
In general its best to deal with technical debt by
Dealing with it continuously rather than postponing dealing with it.
What is the cone of uncertainty
At the start of the project little is known about the product or work result and the uncertainty is high. As more is learned, uncertainty tends to decrease.
Is velocity part of scrum?
Sort of. It’s not manditory in scrum. A development team may track it but it isn’t required.
Why is velocity not connected to value
More output from the team doesn’t nessasarily indicate the team is creating more value
What are Engineering standards
Engineering standards refer to a set of rules and conventions within the development organization that applies to all the Product being developed.
What is a feature team compare to a component team?
A feature team works through all the layers of an application to fufilll a need (user interface, server application, database), a component team is focused on a single component of the system (user interface)
The chances of producing an integrated product increment is lower when using a component team
Correct
Which is prefered component teams or feature teams
Feature teams
What is sustainable pace?
When doing development work, it is important to be able to have a constant output.
A functional requirement vs non-functional requrement
Is something you can “do” with the product. Non-functional requirements describe qualities, behaviors, attributes. Security is a non-functional requirement.
Should a non-functional requirement go in the product backlog or in the definition of done
Either is fine
What are hardening sprints
separate Sprint in which no new features are developed. Not part of scrum
Why aren’t hardening sprint part of scrum
In Scrum, there is no Integration Sprint, Hardening sprint or Sprint 0. There is no “after the Sprint”. All the Sprints are the same. Everything that happens is within a Sprint. Each Sprint must produce a Product Increment.
Certain sprints do not have a product incriment at the end.
False. a Product Increment is created by the end of each Sprint.
Who creates the Definition of Done? (2)
Either the development organization or the development team.
During which Scrum Event the “Definition of Done” discussed and finalized?
The Definition of Done is never final. The Sprint Retrospective is used for adapting the Definition of Done but this may happen anytime. There is no need for a specific event to do so. The team is self-organizing.
Can the definition of done be changed to meet sprint deadlines?
in no way should the Definition of Done be altered in order to accept a lower quality product.
Where are the items with less detail placed in the product backlog?
Items with less detail are placed lower in the order.
Which items are “Ready” for selection in sprint planning?
Product items that can be done by development team within one sprint.
Who is responsible for Product backlog?
Product owner.
Who is responsible for managing the product backlog?
Product Owner.
Who can refine the product backlog?
Product Owner. Or the Development team, with the consent of the product owner.
What is the Sprint Backlog as an artifact?
A forecast by the dev team about what functionality will be done in the next increment and the work needed to deliver that functionality.
Who can make modifications to the sprint backlog?
Only the development team can make modifications to the sprint backlog.
Who is the sole owner of the sprint backlog?
Development team.
What is an increment?
The sum of all PBI s completed during a sprint + value of increments from previous sprints.
Who is responsible for creating the definition of done?
Development team
Who measures the progress towards the project goal?
Product Owner
What is the principle of empiricism?
What will happen is unknown, and what has already happened may be used for forward looking decision making
How to measure progress towards sprint goal?
Tracking and summing up total work remaining in the sprint backlog
What is the frequency of measuring progress towards sprint goal?
At least every daily scrum
Who is responsible for ensuring artifact transparency?
Scrum master
How can scrum master detect incomplete artifact transparency? (4)
a) Inspecting artifacts b) Sensing patterns c) Listening close to what is being said d) Detecting difference between expected and actual results
Upon what type of process control is Scrum based?
Scrum is founded on empirical process control theory, or empiricism. Empiricism asserts that knowledge comes from experience and making decisions based on what is known.
What is the main reason for the Scrum Master to be at the Daily Scrum?
He or she does not have to be there; he or she only has to ensure the Development Team has a Daily Scrum. The Scrum Master enforces the rule that only Development Team members participate in the Daily Scrum
What is the role of Management in Scrum?
Management has no active role in the actual product development through Scrum. However, management external to the Scrum team is incredibly important in setting the vision and strategy to guide the overall direction of the organization.
How much work must a Development Team do to a Product Backlog item it selects for a Sprint?
As much as it has told the Product Owner will be done for every Product Backlog item it selects in conformance with the definition of “Done”. The purpose of each Sprint is to deliver Increments of potentially releasable functionality that adhere to the Scrum Team’s current definition of “Done”.
Development Team membership should change:
As needed, while taking into account a short term reduction in productivity. Teams typically go through some steps before achieving a state of increased performance. Changing membership typically reduces cohesion, affecting performance and productivity in the short term.
The Scrum Team should choose at least one high priority process improvement, identified during the Sprint Retrospective, and place it in the Product Backlog.
False, to ensure continuous improvement, the Sprint Backlog rather than the Product Backlog includes at least one high priority process improvement identified in the previous Sprint Retrospective meeting.
Who is responsible for managing the progress of work during a Sprint?
The Development Team uses the Daily Scrum to inspect progress toward the Sprint Goal and to inspect how progress is trending toward completing the work in the Sprint Backlog.
Why is the Daily Scrum held at the same time and same place?
The Daily Scrum is held at the same time and place each day to reduce complexity.
The Development Team should have all the skills needed to:
Turn the Product Backlog items it selects into an increment of potentially releasable product functionality. The Development Team consists of professionals who do the work of delivering a potentially releasable Increment of “Done” product at the end of each Sprint. Development Teams are cross-functional, with all of the skills as a team necessary to create a product Increment.
When does the next Sprint begin?
A new Sprint starts immediately after the conclusion of the previous Sprint.
True or False: The purpose of a Sprint is to produce a done increment of working product.
True. The heart of Scrum is a Sprint, a time-box of one month or less during which a “Done”, usable, and potentially releasable product Increment is created.
Who is required to attend the Daily Scrum?
The Development Team. Only the people doing the work described on the Sprint Backlog need to inspect and adapt at the Daily Scrum. If the Scrum Master or Product Owner is also on the Development Team, they will need to be at the Daily Scrum. Otherwise, the Scrum Master simply has to make sure the Development Team knows how to conduct a Daily Scrum and does so.
True or False: It is mandatory that the product increment be released to production at the end of each Sprint.
False. The product increment should be usable and releasable at the end of every Sprint, but it does not have to be released.
The scrum master serves the product owner by Ensuring that _______ (3) are understood by everyone on the Scrum Team as well as possible;
goals, scope, and product domain
Scrum Master Service to the Product Owner Helping the Scrum Team understand the need for ______ (2) Product Backlog items;
clear and concise
Scrum Master Service to the Product Owner Understanding product planning in an ________ environment;
empirical
Scrum Master Service to the Product Owner Ensuring the Product Owner knows how to arrange the ________ to maximize value;
Product Backlog
Scrum Master Service to the Product Owner Understanding and practicing _______; and,
agility
Scrum Master Service to the Product Owner by _______ Scrum events as requested or needed.
Facilitating
Scrum Master Service to the Development Team Coaching the Development Team in _______ and cross-functionality;
Self organizing
Scrum Master Service to the Development Team Helping the Development Team to create _______ products;
high-value
Scrum Master Service to the Development Team Coaching the Development Team in organizational environments in which Scrum is ________________.
not yet fully adopted and understood
Scrum Master Service to the Organization Leading and coaching the organization in its Scrum _______
adoption
Scrum Master Service to the Organization Planning _________ within the organization;
Scrum implementations
Scrum Master Service to the Organization Helping employees and stakeholders __________ and empirical product development;
understand and enact Scrum
Scrum Master Service to the Organization Causing change that __________ of the Scrum Team;
increases the productivity
Scrum Master Service to the Organization Working with ________ to increase the effectiveness of the application of Scrum in the organization.
other Scrum Masters
The Sprint Review includes Attendees include the Scrum Team and key stakeholders invited by the _________
Product Owner;
The Sprint Review includes The __________ explains what Product Backlog items have been “Done” and what has not been “Done”;
Product Owner
The Sprint Review includes The __________ discusses what went well during the Sprint, what problems it ran into, and how those problems were solved;
Development Team
The Sprint Review includes The Development Team demonstrates the _______ and answers questions about the Increment;
work that it has “Done”
The Sprint Review includes The Product Owner discusses the ________ as it stands. He or she projects likely target and delivery dates based on progress to date (if needed);
Product Backlog
The Sprint Review includes The entire group collaborates on what to do next, so that the Sprint Review provides valuable input to ____________
subsequent Sprint Planning;
The Sprint Review includes Review of the _________ (4) for the next anticipated releases of functionality or capability of the product.
timeline, budget, potential capabilities, and marketplace
