Scrotum & Prostate

Question 1

orchitis is what

commonly caused by

Answer 1

inflammation of testis

commonly caused by chlamydia

Question 2

epididymitis is what

commonly caused by

Answer 2

inflammation of epididymis

commonly caused by UTI

Question 3

most common cause of acute scrotal pain

Answer 3

epididymitis

Question 4

where are hydroceles formed?

Answer 4

between the two layers of tunica vaginalis

Question 5

Denonvilliers’ fascia is an important landmark for… where is it

Answer 5

important landmark for radical prostatectomy.. separates prostate and rectum

Question 6

space of Retzius

Answer 6

between symphysis pubis and urinary bladder

Question 7

spermatic cord is the ___ border of the testis

Answer 7

posterior

Question 8

spermatocele is a cyst arising from the _____

Answer 8

rete testis

Question 9

testicular torsion aka

Answer 9

bell clapper

Question 10

most common cause of male infertility

Answer 10

varicocele

Question 11

what divides urethra into prox and distal segments

Answer 11

verumontanum

Question 12

area where BPH originates

Answer 12

transitional zone

Question 13

seminal vesicles are ____ to the prostate and ______ to the vas deferens (location)

Answer 13

superior to the prostate and lateral to the vas def

Question 14

region where ejaculatory ducts enter the urethra

Answer 14

verumontanum

Question 15

spermatic vein is dilated when diameter exceeds ____

Answer 15

4 mm

Question 16

with cryptorchidism, 80% are located in _____

Answer 16

the inguinal canal

Question 17

absence of seminal vesicles is a normal variant t/f

what is it assoc with

Answer 17

ipsilateral renal agenesis

Question 18

normal scrotal wall thickness

Answer 18

2-8 mm in thickness

Question 19

peripheral zone echogenicity / texture vs central zone

Answer 19

peripheral zone more homogenous and echogenic than central zone

Question 20

if extratesticular veins are dilated, how would you extend the study?

Answer 20

image the ipsilateral kidney area for possible mass causing compression on testicular vein

Question 21

PSA elevation (in % and in ng/mL) in 1 year indicative of carcinoma

Answer 21

increase in 20% in 1 year

increase 0.75 ng/mL in 1 year

Question 22

clinical findings assoc with epididymitis (3)

Answer 22

leukocytosis
fever
dysuria

Question 23

etiology of spermatocele

Answer 23

retention cyst arising from the rete testis

Question 24

what is a complication of untreated epididymoorchitis

Answer 24

abscess

Question 25

most common testicular malignant neoplasm

Answer 25

germ cell - seminoma

Question 26

NON inflammatory enlargement of the prostate gland

Answer 26

BPH

Question 27

if you suspect BPH, how should you extend the study?

Answer 27

check kidneys for hydronephrosis

Question 28

which artery gives rise to testicular artery (& location)

Answer 28

anterior aspect of abdominal aorta

Question 29

function of prostate gland

Answer 29

produces ejaculation fluid

Question 30

mediastinum testis is the ___ portion of the ____

Answer 30

thickened portion of the tunica albuginea

Question 31

which structure supports the posterior border of the testes

Answer 31

spermatic cord

Question 32

an anechoic structure arising from the rete testes descries

Answer 32

spermatocele

Question 33

patient with intermittent scrotal swelling / "comes and goes" .. consistent with

Answer 33

scrotal hernia

Question 34

complication assoc with varicocele

Answer 34

infertility

Question 35

the epididymis connects to the testis via the ____

Answer 35

rete testis

Question 36

function of the seminal vesicles

Answer 36

stores sperm

Question 37

blood supply to the prostate (2)

Answer 37

``` capsular artery (2/3) urethral artery (1/3) ```

Question 38

tubular ectasia of the rete testis is unilateral or bilateral?

Answer 38

bilateral

Question 39

location of the epididymis (in relation to the testis)

Answer 39

posterior/lateral

Question 40

blood supply to the epi, scrotum, testis

Answer 40

cremasteric artery

Question 41

arteries in the spermatic cord (2)

Answer 41

cremasteric and differential arteries

Question 42

region of the prostate gland comprising 5% glandular tissue

Answer 42

transitional

Question 43

region of prostate gland comprising 25% glandular tissue

Answer 43

central zone

Question 44

lobes of the prostate gland (4)

Answer 44

anterior middle posterior lateral x2