Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Urology > Scrotal mass > Flashcards

Scrotal mass Flashcards

1
Q

Hydrocoele

A

Collection of fluid between visceral and parietal layers of tunica vaginalis of testis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Types of congenital hydrocoele

A

Communicating hydrocoele

Hydrocoele of cord

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Communicating hydrocoele

A

Fluid hernia, infantile hydrocoele due to patent processus vaginalis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

types of acquired hydrocoele

A

Primary- ass with normal testis and epidydimis

Secondary- ass with scrotal pathology

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Primary hydrocoele

A

Commonest.

occurs in adults

Becuase of descreased absorption linked to lymphatics

May be late presentation post surgery (inguinal hernia repair, varicocelectomy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Differential of hydrocoele

A

Epididymal cyst

Spermatocoele

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Secondary Hydrocoele

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Clinical features of communicating hydrocoele

A

In babies swelling larger when baby cries

Smaller in morning because of postural drainge of fluid from peritoneal cavity to tunica vaginalis and back

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Clinical features of primary hydrocoele

A

Painless cystic crotal swelling which transluminates

Testis usually posterior to fluid but impalpable of large

May not transluminate if tunica thickened or blood in hydrocoele fluid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Clinical features of secondary hydrocoele

A

Features of small hydrocoele

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Treatment of communicating hydrocoele

A

Patent processus vaginalis may close spontaneously 1-2 years after birth

Herniotomy if it persists

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Treatment of primary hydrocoele

A

Aspiration and sleropathy

Sodium tetracedyl suphate

For small hydrocoele

Aspirate fluid, get layers to adhere and obliterate potential space for fluid filling

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Complications of aspiration and scleropathy

A

Pain, infection, haematoma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Hydrocoelectomy

A

Eversion of tunica vaginalis

To obliterate potential space for fluid collection

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Epididymal cyst

A

Posterior or superior to testis

Contains clear fluid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Spermatoccoele

A

Cloudy fluid becuse of spermatozoa

17
Q

Clinical features of epid.. cyst and spermatocoele

A

Painless cystic swelling behind or superior to testis

The epididyal cyst transluminates

18
Q

Treatment of epididymal cyst and spermatocoele

A

Surgical excision marsupialization

19
Q

Varicocele

A

Varicose veins of the pampiniform plexus of the spermatic cord

20
Q
A
21
Q

Most common site of varocele and epidemiology

A

90% are eft sided

Males 15-20% postpubertal

10% bilateral R sided rare

22
Q

Etiology of varicocele

A

Congenital absence of valves in spermatic vein

Nutcracker effect compression of renal vein between aorta and superior mesenteric artery

Right angled junction of left spermatic vein and renal vein versus oblique junction of right spermatic vein and vena cava

Thrombus from RCC causing neoplastic obstrcution of renal vein and IVC

23
Q

Why is a varicocele associated with infertility

A

Increase of temp by 1-2 degrees because of retrogase venus blood floidw from abdomen

Venous anoxia interferes with epidymal function

24
Q

Clinical features of varicocele

A

Incidental finding in pubertal boys

Pain esp when erect

Infertility

Looks like bag of worms above testis

Examine while standing

Has cough impulse, enhanced by Valsava

Ipsilateral testicular atrophy

25
Q

Semen analysis for varcocele

A

Oligospermia

Athenospermia

Teratospermia

26
Q

Treatment of varicocele indications

A

Pain

Infertility

Testicualt atrophy

27
Q

Varicocele prinicple of treatment

A

Occlusion of spermatic vein to prevent retrograde flow

28
Q

Different treatment for varicocele

A

Open surgical ligation

Spermatic vein embolisation

Retrogade embolization

Laparoscopy

29
Q

Open surgical ligation

A

Suprainguinal or inguinal

Minor extraperitoneal op.

30
Q

Anterogade scleropathy

A

Single vein in pampniform plexus of spermatic cord is cannulated

Contrast injected under X-Ray to visualize spermatic vein

Sclerosent is injected to cause fibrotic occlusion of vein

31
Q

Regtrogade embolization

A

Catheter is placed in left spermatic vein thein occluded with embollic material

32
Q

Laparoscopy

A

Clipping of left spermatic vein intraperitoneally

33
Q

Causes of chronic epididymitis

A

TB

Chronic non -specific epididymitis

34
Q

Clinical features of TB epididymitis

A

Painless, craggy non-tender, usually normal testis

Thickened or beaded vas deferens

Palpable seminal vesicles

Hard prostate

35
Q

Investigations if suspecting genital TB

A

Early morning urine specimen

semen

pus swab

IVP

histology

36
Q
A

Urology (6 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions