Screening - Oral Cancer Flashcards
Purpose of screening tool?
Not intended to be diagnostic
Aim interrupt natural hx of disease as asymptomatic stage
3 different types of screening?
Mass population
Selective
Opportunisitc
What is mass screening?
Large scale screening of population group
What is selective screening
Target at high risk groups
What is opportunistic screening?
Examine when attend other, unrelated purpose
Principles of screening?
- condition important health problem
- natural hx of disease understood
- recognisable at early stage
- tx better at early stage
- test exist
- adequate facility to cope with abnormalities detected
- done at repeated intervals
- benefit outweighs warm
- cost balanced against benefit
Advantage of screening?
Reduce mortality and morbidiity reduce incidence invasive cacner improve prognosis for individuals identify hight risk group - give primary intervention cost saved
Disadvantage of screening?
detection incurable cases can increase morbidity
unnecessary treatment for lesions not progressed
trauma if false positive
file reassurance if false negative
example screening tools used NHS effective?
- cervical cancer screen
- breast cancer screen
- bowel cancer screening
examples ineffective health screen?
Prostate
Lung
Criteria good screening tool?
Disease common and serious disease known natural hx good screening tool available effective tx must be available cost-effective
What are oral precancerous lesions?
leukoplakia
erythroplakia
Malignancy potential leukoplakia?
5% malignant transformation 5 years
What is screening tool for oral cancer?
Visual examination oral mucosa
What would be positive result in oral cancer screen?
white or red patch
ulcer duration longer 2 weeks
