Scots in Canada Flashcards
Business and Economy
List 2 key facts to do with the Industries Scots worked for in Canada.
Scots worked in industries such as the paper, gas, oil, iron and steel industries as well as helping in farming and agriculture and the development of fur and timber.
Hudson Bay Company was developed and gained a lot of support from the first Prime Minister of Canada, George Simpson. This company hired people from Scotland to work with the fur and timber trade and once those scots earned enough money in Canada, they would go back to Scotland.
Education, Politics and Culture
List 5 key facts about the influence Scots had on education, politics and culture in Canada.
Prime Ministers: The first 2 prime ministers were John A McDonald and Alexander McKenzie. John was PM twice and served for 18 years.
Universities and Schools:
- The Scottish Church opened schools e.g Queens University in Kingston.
- Thomas McCulloch, a Protestant Scot, was the first principal of Pictou Academy in Nova Scotia.
- William Jack introduced engineering as a degree in King’s College in 1854 as well as introducing more practical subjects.
- James McGill emigrated from Glasgow and opened McGill University which was founded from his estate.
Business and Economy
List 2 key facts to do with the Railways Scots worked for in Canada.
The Transatlantic Canadian Pacific Railway was finished in 1885. It covered a lot of Canadian land which allowed for economic exploitation as well as uniting the vast territories in Canada. It was important in ensuring independence from the United States of America.
It also helped attract immigrants to Canada to settle land around the railway. The company offered cheap land and an attractive travel package for immigrants.
Native Societies
List 5 Key Facts about the impact Scots had on the Native Societies in Canada.
- They would be pushed off their land in Canada due to an increase in immigrants settling.
- The Hudson Bay Company needed and relied on the Natives to trade European goods for animal skin/fur.
- The MÉtis people fought back in the North West Rebellion (1885). However, the MÉtis leader, Louis Riel, was executed.
- Scottish immigrants were disrespectful towards to the native people and called them “primitive” and “savages”
- Immigrants were not all respectful of the skills and culture of the Native Indians.
