scoring systems and mnemonics Flashcards

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1
Q

4AT screening

A

Alertness (0 or 4)
Abbreviated mental test (age, DOB, place, year; 1 mistake = 1 and 2 or more is 2)
Attention (months of year backwards. if cannot = 2, if score <7 or refuse to start = 1 and 0 if more than 7)
Acute changes or fluctuating course (yes = 4)

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2
Q

differentiates vasular dementia vs alzheimers

A

Hachinsky Ischaemic Score

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3
Q

4As of dementia

A

amnesia
agnosia
apraxia
aphasia

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4
Q

MMSE

A

27 = normal
21-26 = mild
11-20 = mod
10 and below = severe

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5
Q

MoCA

A

26 is cut off

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6
Q

MoCA vs MMSE

A

MoCA more sensi, more emphasis on frontal executive functioning and attention from MMSE hence more sensitive

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7
Q

test for frontotemporal dementia?

A

Wisconsin Card Sorting Test is a measure of executive functioning due to the sensitivity in detecting frontal lobe dysfunction.

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8
Q

normal pressure hydrocephalus clinical picture (3 features)

A

Insidious onset of dementia, unsteady gait, urinary incontinence.

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9
Q

pseudodementia scale

A

Geriatric Depression Scale

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10
Q

lewy body clinical hx - 2 or more…

A

Recurrent visual hallucinations (typically well-formed).
Episodic confusion.
REM sleep behaviour disorder.
One or more features of Parkinsonism (e.g. resting tremor).

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11
Q

metabolic screening in antipsychotics

A

height, weight, BMI, waist
circumference, blood pressure, pulse, fasting glucose, fasting cholesterol and lipids, HbA1c.

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12
Q

If the person is cognitively impaired (3)

A
  1. Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE)
  2. Montreal Cognitive
    Assessment (MoCA)
  3. Clock Drawing Test.
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13
Q

Assessment of frontal lobe function and discrimination between frontal dysexecutive dementia and dementia in Alzheimer disease (2)

A

Frontal Assessment Battery (FAB)

Addenbrooke’s Cognitive Examination (ACE-R)

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14
Q

Person presenting following an episode of self-harm or someone with suicidal ideation

A

Tool for Assessment of Suicide Risk or the Suicide Risk Assessment and Management Manual (S-RAMM).

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15
Q

Person with suspected depression rating scale (2)

A
  • Beck Depression Inventory [BDI]
  • Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression [HAM-D]
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16
Q

Person with suspected mania rating scale

A

Young Mania Rating Scale

17
Q

Person with schizophrenia rating scales (4)

A
  • Scale for the Assessment of Negative/Positive Symptoms (SANS, SAPS)
  • Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS)
  • 4-Item Positive Symptom Rating Scale
  • Brief Negative Symptom Assessment.
18
Q

Suspected anxiety rating scale

A

Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HAM-A)

19
Q

Suspected obsessive compulsive disorder rating scale

A

Yale-Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale (Y-BOCS).

20
Q

Suspected alcohol withdrawal assessment

A

Clinical Institute Withdrawal Assessment for Alcohol (CIWA)

21
Q

Person with a suspected eating disorder scale

A

Eating Attitudes Test (EAT)

22
Q

Postpartum female with suspected depression scale

A

Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale

23
Q

Assessment of risk of violence - the rating and its components?

A

HCR-20V3

10 past (‘historical’) factors
5 present (‘clinical’) variables
5 future (‘risk management’) issues.

24
Q

autism rating scales (2)

A

Autistic Diagnostic Interview Revised (ADI-R): interview conducted with the parents of individuals who have been referred for the evaluation of possible autism spectrum disorder.

Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule (ADOS): interview conducted with the child who has been referred for the evaluation of possible autism spectrum disorder.

25
Q

ADHD assessment (5)

A

Interview with the parents

Interview with the child

Connors 3rd edition self-report (Conners 3–SR)

Connor’s Assessment Scale given to the parents and the teacher.

Collateral information from school: a school visit to observe behaviour in the classroom may be useful.

26
Q

neuropsychological test used in people with a suspected brain injury

A

Halstead-Reitan Battery

27
Q

six criteria in capacity to consent

A

understand, believe, retain, use, weigh in the balance and communicate

28
Q

what is catatonia and how to treat

A

Stopping of voluntary movement or staying still in an unusual position

can treat with bezno

29
Q

physiological abnormalities in anorexia

A

Gs and Cs are high

hypokalaemia
low FSH, LH, oestrogens and testosterone
raised cortisol and growth hormone
impaired glucose tolerance
hypercholesterolaemia
hypercarotinaemia
low T3

30
Q

The classic triad in werenickes encephalopathy:

A
  1. ophthalmoplegia (often a lateral rectus palsy and/or horizontal nystagmus)
  2. confusion
  3. ataxia (though any cerebellar signs can be present).
31
Q

However, this man also has features that make Korsakoff’s syndrome the unifying diagnosis: anterograde amnesia (he forgets your interaction) and confabulation (he makes up two different stories about his day).

A