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PTA BOARDS > Scorebuilders Exam 1 > Flashcards

Scorebuilders Exam 1 Flashcards

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1
Q

A physical therapist assistant contemplates the necessary amount of force to overcome friction when performing mechanical lumbar traction using a non-split traction table. What percentage of a patient’s body weight would be MOST representative of this value? NON SYSTEMS PG 643-645

A

25%

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2
Q

A physical therapist assistant works with a 75-year-old female that presents with residual periodic loss of balance secondary to a recent stroke. The patient has minor residual strength deficits in her affected upper and lower extremities and will need an assistive device for ambulation. Based on the patient’s present status what would be the MOST appropriate assistive device? NON SYSTEMS PG 608-609

A

rolling walker

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3
Q

A 52-year-old female is referred to physical therapy with right shoulder pathology. The patient reports a gradual onset of pain beginning six months ago with a progressive loss of range of motion and strength, most notably in lateral rotation and abduction. The patient reports an inability to perform a number of activities of daily living including any tasks requiring the arm to be lifted overhead. Which medical condition is MOST consistent with this scenario? MUSCULOSKELETAL SYSTEMS PG 116, 146-147

A

adhesive capsulitis

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4
Q

A patient attending her third physical therapy session transitions from a hospital bed to standing in preparation for ambulation activities. Which blood pressure response would BEST support the physical therapist assistant’s decision to return the patient to a recumbent position? CARDIOVASCULAR AND PULMONARY SYSTEMS PG 271, 688

A

decrease in systolic blood pressure of 5 mm Hg and a decrease in diastolic blood pressure of 12 mm Hg

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5
Q

During a family meeting in an acute rehabilitation hospital a 26-year-old male with complete C7 tetraplegia asks a variety of questions about self care and mobility expectations. With an uncomplicated recovery, the patient can expect lower extremity dressing to be performed with what level of assist in bed? NEUROMUSCULAR AND NERVOUS SYSTEMS PG 272-274

A

modified independence

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6
Q

A physical therapist assistant discusses fitness parameters with a 30-year-old patient who is five months pregnant. Assuming the patient has not experienced any complications from her pregnancy, which of the following would be the MOST appropriate exercise program for the patient? OTHER SYSTEMS PG 486-487

A

mild to moderate walking program performed three times per week

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7
Q

A patient referred to physical therapy after injuring his wrist in a bicycle accident shows the physical therapist assistant an x-ray taken in the emergency room. Which carpal bone is denoted by the arrow? (https://s3.us-east-2.amazonaws.com/mission.control.production/cjfudjqs43vxmr1jmj50jbczj7w5) MUSCULOSKELETAL SYSTEMS

A

scaphoid

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8
Q

A physical therapist assistant completes a series of manual muscle tests on a patient diagnosed with C6 quadriplegia. Based on the patient’s level of injury, which muscle would NOT typically be innervated? NEUROMUSCULAR AND NERVOUS SYSTEMS PG 270

A

flexor digitorum superficialis

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9
Q

A physical therapist assistant employed by a home health agency discusses the established plan of care with the patient. The patient indicates that he understands what the physical therapist assistant is recommending, but insists he is not interested in performing active exercise as part of the program. What would be the MOST appropriate physical therapist assistant response? MUSCULOSKELETAL SYSTEMS

A

explain to the patient why active exercise is a critical component of the plan of care

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10
Q

A physical therapist assistant documents that the Neer impingement test is positive after a patient reports marked pain during the testing procedure. What is the PRIMARY source of pain when performing this test? MUSCULOSKELETAL SYSTEMS PG 101

A

compression of the greater tuberosity against the anterior acromion

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11
Q

A physical therapist assistant observes the movement of the scapula as shown in the video. (frontal arm raise) Which muscle would be MOST likely to play an active role in protracting the scapula on the thorax during this movement? MUSCULOSKELETAL SYSTEM PG 55-56

A

serratus anterior

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12
Q

A physical therapist assistant indicates that a patient’s wrist ulnar deviation is within normal limits after measuring the available range of motion with a goniometer. What would be the MOST likely recorded value? MUSCULOSKELETAL SYSTEM PG 90

A

0-30 degrees

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13
Q

A physical therapist assistant reviews the medical record of a patient diagnosed with a lower motor neuron disorder. Which finding would be LEAST likely based on the presented information? NEUROMUSCULAR AND NERVOUS SYSTEMS pg 242-243

A

clonus

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14
Q

SCENARIO
Setting: Outpatient clinic
Gender: Male
Age: 36 years
Presenting Problem/Current Condition
- Ankylosing spondylitis
Medical History
- Sacroiliac pain for three years led to diagnosis
- Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Other Information
- Patient reports more than 3 years of increasing spinal pain and stiffness
- Smoked for 10 years; last cigarette was 5 years ago
- Body mass index = 32
- Employed as an accountant
Physical Therapy Examination(s)
- Postural impairments
- General upper and lower extremity strength 5/5
- Trunk muscle strength within functional limits
Physical Therapy Plan of Care
- Flexibility
- Postural training
- Strengthening
- Aerobic exercise program
- Ergonomic consultation for workspace

Strengthening of which muscle group would be MOST beneficial for this patient? MUSCULOSKELETAL PG 554-555

A

erector spinae

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15
Q

SCENARIO
Setting: Outpatient clinic
Gender: Male
Age: 36 years
Presenting Problem/Current Condition
- Ankylosing spondylitis
Medical History
- Sacroiliac pain for three years led to diagnosis
- Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Other Information
- Patient reports more than 3 years of increasing spinal pain and stiffness
- Smoked for 10 years; last cigarette was 5 years ago
- Body mass index = 32
- Employed as an accountant
Physical Therapy Examination(s)
- Postural impairments
- General upper and lower extremity strength 5/5
- Trunk muscle strength within functional limits
Physical Therapy Plan of Care
- Flexibility
- Postural training
- Strengthening
- Aerobic exercise program
- Ergonomic consultation for workspace

What is the MOST appropriate justification to include a general exercise program in this patient’s plan of care? MUSCULOSKELETAL PG 554-555

A

exercise typically will reduce symptoms and reduce the risk of future pulmonary complications

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16
Q

Which heart valves are closed during ventricular systole to prevent blood from flowing back into the atria? CARDIOVASCULAR AND PULMONARY SYSTEMS PG 380-381

A

mitral and tricuspid valves

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17
Q

A physical therapist assistant inspects the prosthesis of a 68-year-old male with a right transfemoral amputation. The physical therapist assistant identifies that the patient’s prosthetic knee often buckles at heel strike and concludes that this issue should be addressed with a strengthening program. What is the PRIMARY muscle group to target? MUSCULOSKELETAL SYSTEM PG 138-139

A

right hip extensors

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18
Q

A physical therapist assistant treats a patient recently admitted to an acute care hospital after being diagnosed with Guillain-Barre syndrome. Which of the following MOST accurately represents the condition’s typical prognosis? NEUROMUSCULAR AND NERVOUS SYSTEMS PG 306-307

A

the majority of patients will experience a full recovery

19
Q

A physical therapist assistant works with a patient on vertical positioning using a tilt table. During the session, the patient suddenly begins to demonstrate signs of intolerance to being upright. Which symptom would be LEAST anticipated? CARDIOVASCULAR AND PULMONARY SYSTEMS

A

bradycardia

20
Q

A patient diagnosed with congestive heart failure is referred to a cardiac rehabilitation program. Before treating the patient, the physical therapist assistant reviews the results of the patient’s recent cardiac testing. Which of the following objective findings is MOST anticipated based on the patient’s medical diagnosis? CARDIOVASCULAR AND PULMONARY SYSTEMS

A

40% left ventricular ejection fraction

21
Q

A patient recently admitted to an acute care hospital is referred to physical therapy. A physical therapist assistant documents the following clinical signs: pallor, cyanosis, and cool skin. These clinical signs are MOST consistent with which of the following conditions? CARDIOVASCULAR AND PULMONARY SYSTEMS

A

anemia

22
Q

A physical therapist assistant works with a patient with a moderate disk protrusion on an extension progression. Which position would have immediately preceded the pictured position? (https://s3.us-east-2.amazonaws.com/mission.control.production/rnys13bgov4qclysg8lwoz96a0iq) MUSCULOSKELETAL SYSTEM

A

prone lying

23
Q

A physical therapist assistant uses a measuring device to determine the surface temperature of a wound and the surrounding area. Which variable would MOST heavily influence the obtained temperature reading? OTHER SYSTEMS

A

vascularity

24
Q

A patient describes a burning sensation on the sole of their foot in an area consistent with the red marking. Which medical condition would MOST likely be associated with this finding?(https://s3.us-east-2.amazonaws.com/mission.control.production/qe3wmy1hz76zw7x2b8mua406nmva) MUSCULOSKELETAL SYSTEM

A

mortons neuroma

25
Q

While treating a patient diagnosed with Achilles tendonitis, a physical therapist assistant notes that the foot and ankle appear to be pronated. Which motions combine to create pronation in a non-weight bearing foot? MUSCULOSKELETAL SYSTEM

A

abduction, dorsiflexion, eversion

26
Q

A physical therapist assistant monitors a patient’s vital signs while exercising in a phase I cardiac rehabilitation program. The patient is status post myocardial infarction and has progressed without difficulty while involved in the program. Which of the following vital sign recordings would exceed the typical limits of a phase I program? CARDIOVASCULAR AND PULMONARY SYSTEMS

A

systolic blood pressure decreased by 25 mm Hg from resting level

27
Q

A physical therapist assistant develops a chart detailing expected functional outcomes for a variety of spinal cord injuries. Which is the highest spinal cord injury level at which independent transfers with a sliding board would be feasible? NEUROMUSCULAR AND NERVOUS SYSTEM PG 272-274

A

C6

28
Q

A physical therapist assistant employed in a rehabilitation hospital discusses the care of a 33-year-old female patient with her physiatrist. During the discussion the physiatrist indicates the patient will likely have a complete functional recovery. Which medical condition is MOST consistent with the described prognosis? NEUROMUSCULAR AND NERVOUS SYSTEMS PG 306-307

A

guillan-barre syndrome

29
Q

A physical therapist assistant attempts to trial the use of an orthosis for a patient with a steppage gait. Which of the following would be MOST appropriate for the physical therapist assistant to utilize in the trial? NON SYSTEMS PG 88, 128

A

ankle-foot orthosis (AFO)

30
Q

SCENARIO
Questions: 68 - 70
Setting: Outpatient pediatric clinic
Gender: Male
Age: 8 years
Presenting Problem/Current Condition
- Cerebral palsy affecting both lower extremities
Medical History
- Botox injections of the bilateral lower extremities
Physical Therapy Examination(s)
- Demonstrates crouched stance when standing independently and throwing a lightweight ball
- Ambulates 100 feet indoors using a reverse walker
- Displays scissored gait during ambulation
Physical Therapy Plan of Care
- Family and caregiver education
- Reduce hypertonicity of the lower extremities
- Positioning and mobility skills
- Orthotist referral

Which muscle group is MOST likely to be shortened based on the patient’s clinical presentation? NEUROMUSCULAR AND NERVOUS SYSTEMS PG 284, 298-299

A

hip adductors

31
Q

A physical therapist assistant monitors the blood pressure of a patient walking on a treadmill at 3.0 mph. Prior to initiating the exercise, the physical therapist assistant recorded the patient’s resting blood pressure as 136/81 mm Hg. Which blood pressure value obtained during the exercise session would be the MOST concerning? CARDIOVASCULAR AND PULMONARY SYSTEMS PG 384-385

A

158/93 mm Hg

32
Q

A physical therapist assistant completes a sensory assessment on a patient with a wound on their right lower leg. While applying a monofilament to an area along the medial aspect of the foot, the physical therapist assistant realizes the monofilament is positioned over an area of thickened callus. What is the MOST appropriate physical therapist assistant action? OTHER SYSTEMS

A

attempt to select another area of noncallused skin

33
Q

A physical therapist assistant applies a transparent film dressing to a superficial wound on a patient’s lower leg. Which therapeutic objective is LEAST likely based on the type of dressing? OTHER SYSTEMS PG 451-453

A

absorb drainage in the wound bed

34
Q

A physical therapist assistant has treated a 38-year-old male three times in physical therapy. On each occasion the patient has returned to physical therapy without an understanding of the exercises included in his home exercise program. When questioned, the patient indicates that he did not fully understand the prescribed exercises and as a result forgot the instructions. What is the MOST appropriate therapist action? NON SYSTEMS

A

write the program on paper, have the patient demonstrate each exercise, and allow him to teach the program to his wife

35
Q

A physical therapist assistant treating a patient rehabilitating from spinal surgery observes a patient’s incision. What type of healing is BEST depicted in the image? (https://s3.us-east-2.amazonaws.com/mission.control.production/7dii00pfv1nx3e3a3a73ajmeltdq) OTHER SYSTEMS PG 444

A

primary intention

36
Q

A physical therapist assistant employed in an inpatient rehabilitation center works with a patient rehabilitating from a total knee arthroplasty. Which treatment activity would be the MOST appropriate to delegate to a physical therapy aide? NON SYSTEMS PG 706

A

observing a patient complete a mat exercise program

37
Q

A physical therapist assistant discusses common cognitive and behavioral changes associated with stroke with family members of a patient with right hemisphere damage and resultant left hemiplegia. Which term does NOT accurately describe the typical patient presentation? NEUROMUSCULAR AND NERVOUS SYSTEMS PG 256

A

overly cautious

38
Q

A physical therapist assistant works with a patient with a C6 spinal cord injury. Which muscle would NOT be innervated based on the patient’s level of injury? NEUROMUSCULAR AND NERVOUS SYSTEMS PG 226-227, 270

A

triceps

39
Q

A physical therapist assistant attempts to palpate the tibialis posterior tendon. To facilitate palpation of this structure, what should the therapist do? MUSCULOSKELETAL SYSTEM

A

ask the patient to invert and plantar flex the foot

40
Q

SCENARIO
Setting: Inpatient rehabilitation
Gender: Male
Age: 33 years
Presenting Problem/Current Condition
- Traumatic brain injury following motor vehicle accident three weeks ago
- Patient initially was in the intensive care unit and in a coma
Medical History
- Femur fracture four years ago in a motorcycle accident
Other Information
- Patient is frustrated by diplopia impacting ADLs
Physical Therapy Examination(s)
- Follows low-level commands consistently, but can be impulsive
- Shows goal-directed behavior, but requires external input
- Responses are situationally appropriate with carryover for relearned tasks
- Diplopia impacts patient depth perception
- Spasticity in left upper and lower extremities
- Standing balance: Fair
- Clonus evident in left ankle
Physical Therapy Plan of Care
- Gait training with assistive device
- Home and safety assessment
- Patient and family education

Which of the following treatment strategies would be the MOST appropriate to address the patient’s visual impairment? NEUROMUSCULAR AND NERVOUS SYSTEMS PG 287

A

place a patch over one of the patient’s eyes

41
Q

SCENARIO
Setting: Inpatient rehabilitation
Gender: Male
Age: 33 years
Presenting Problem/Current Condition
- Traumatic brain injury following motor vehicle accident three weeks ago
- Patient initially was in the intensive care unit and in a coma
Medical History
- Femur fracture four years ago in a motorcycle accident
Other Information
- Patient is frustrated by diplopia impacting ADLs
Physical Therapy Examination(s)
- Follows low-level commands consistently, but can be impulsive
- Shows goal-directed behavior, but requires external input
- Responses are situationally appropriate with carryover for relearned tasks
- Diplopia impacts patient depth perception
- Spasticity in left upper and lower extremities
- Standing balance: Fair
- Clonus evident in left ankle
Physical Therapy Plan of Care
- Gait training with assistive device
- Home and safety assessment
- Patient and family education

Which of the following assistive devices would be the MOST appropriate for this patient? NON SYSTEMS PG 608, 611

A

walker

42
Q

SCENARIO
Setting: Outpatient clinic
Gender: Female
Age: 33 years
Presenting Problem/Current Condition
- De Quervain’s tenosynovitis
Other Information
- Meds: Advil (ibuprofen)
- Currently unable to resume tennis activities
- Two children ages 1 and 3
- Physician prescribed thumb spica splint and rest to diminish pain
Physical Therapy Examination(s)
- Pain: Numeric pain scale rating 3/10
- Palpation: Tenderness in the anatomic snuffbox
- Reports radiating pain into the thumb during ROM
- PROM of the wrist and hand is WNL
- Diminished grip strength
Physical Therapy Plan of Care
- Rest, ice, compression, elevation (RICE)
- Progression to active assisted and active range of motion
- Progressive strengthening program including grip strengthening

Which special test is MOST likely to be positive based on the patient’s medical diagnosis? MUSCULOSKELETAL SYSTEM PG 103

A

Finkelstein’s test

43
Q

SCENARIO
Setting: Outpatient clinic
Gender: Female
Age: 33 years
Presenting Problem/Current Condition
- De Quervain’s tenosynovitis
Other Information
- Meds: Advil (ibuprofen)
- Currently unable to resume tennis activities
- Two children ages 1 and 3
- Physician prescribed thumb spica splint and rest to diminish pain
Physical Therapy Examination(s)
- Pain: Numeric pain scale rating 3/10
- Palpation: Tenderness in the anatomic snuffbox
- Reports radiating pain into the thumb during ROM
- PROM of the wrist and hand is WNL
- Diminished grip strength
Physical Therapy Plan of Care
- Rest, ice, compression, elevation (RICE)
- Progression to active assisted and active range of motion
- Progressive strengthening program including grip strengthening

In preparation for a treatment session, the physical therapist assistant reviews a note that indicates the patient achieved a maximum grip strength force output of 30 using a handheld dynamometer. Which unit of measure would be MOST likely? MUSCULOSKELETAL SYSTEM PG 84-85

A

kilograms

44
Q
A

PTA BOARDS (2 decks)

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