SCOREBUILDERS Blood Pressure Flashcards
Define systolic blood pressure
SYSTOLE : CONTRACT
The force generated during ejection cycle in arteries
Normal values of systolic pressure (mmHg) Newborn : 50-52 3-6 years : 78-114 10 years : 90-120 16 years : 104-120 Adults : 95-119
Define Diastolic blood pressure
DIASTOLE : RELAX
The force exerted against the arteries at rest
Normative values of diastolic pressure Newborn : 25-30 3-6 years : 46-78 10 years : 56-84 16 years : 60-84 Adult : 60-79
What are normative values for systolic and diastolic blood pressure of a newborn?
Newborn :
Systolic : 50-52 mmHg
Diastolic : 25-30 mmHg
(50/25 to 52/30)
What are normative values for systolic and diastolic blood pressure of a toddler 3-6 years old?
Toddler (3-6yo)
Systolic : 78-114
Diastolic : 46-78
78/46 to 114/78
What are normative values for systolic and diastolic blood pressure of a 10 yo child?
10 year old
S : 90 - 120
D : 56-84
90/56 to 120/84
What are normative values for systolic and diastolic blood pressure for a teenager (16 yo)
16 yo S: 104-120 D: 60-84 (104/60 to 120/84) *Terminal 120/84 is same for 10 yo child
What are normative values for systolic and diastolic blood pressure for an adult
> 16 yo adult
S : 95-119
D: 60 - 79
95/60 to 119/79
What two measures is blood pressure directly related to, which makes it an effective non-invasive performance measure of the PUMPING MECHANISM of the heart?
- Peripheral vascular resistance
- Cardiac output
***These two measures are directly related to BP
What is indicated after systolic blood pressure has reached plateau, after it’s normal 8-12mmHg rise per 1metabolic equivalent?
S BP rises in a linear progression at a rate of 8-12mmHg per 1 Metabolic equivalent. If it’s reached a plateau, it COULD indicate the functional reserve capacity of the heart has been exceeded
What is the range of diastolic adaptive dilation of peripheral vasculature during a normal exercise session?
Diastolic BP tends to stay the same during exercise. But, if it does change, it will increase or decrease at MAXIMUM by 10mmHg due to adaptive dilation of peripheral vasculature.
When should an exercise session be terminated wrt systolic and/or diastolic limits.
S: Exceeds 210mmHg
D : Exceeds 110mmHg
Re: ‘Normative’ 95/60 to 119/79 adult
What is pulse pressure, and what are healthy ranges?
The difference between the systolic and the diastolic pressure. A difference of 40mmHg is generally considered healthy.
What are normal changes in systolic and diastolic pressures during exercises?
Systolic generally increases and diastolic stays the same.
In healthy adults, systolic BP can raise by 40-50mmHg for intense exercise.
Pulse pressure will also increase in direct proportion to systolic pressure increase, because it is the difference between systolic and diastolic pressure.
What does an excessive pulse pressure indicate?
Excessive pulse pressure (at rest) = > 40mmHg
Difference between systolic & diastolic
Excessive pulse pressure may indicate
ATHEROSCLEROSIS
or
Hardening of the aorta / stiffening
Is systolic pressure higher in the arms or the legs?
10-20% higher in the LEGS then in the ARMS (brachial artery)
Is it normal to have a blood pressure higher in the arms then the legs?
NO. This is abnormal. It is usual for the blood pressure to be HIGHER in the legs by 10-20% then in brachial artery. This is why an ankle-brachial index > 1.0 is considered normal. Less than this, is considered indicative of peripheral vascular disease
When is blood pressure increase higher : During eccentric/concentric loading, or isokinetic exercise?
Eccentric/concentric loading
Does BP increase during eccentric or concentric phase of exercise?
BP increases more during concentric phase of an exercise rep or when valsalva maneuver is used (this is like bearing down, or equalizing the ear pressure?)
What effect does age have on the amount of blood filling the ventricles?
There is no change on the amount of blood filling the ventricles, but the PUMPING mechanism decreases. So, an increase in blood pressure is seen to compensate and maintain homeostasis
If there is no change (decrease or increase) in systolic BP during exercise testing, what could that indicate?
A plateau
OR
A decrease in cardiac output
What is the general guideline for a systolic BP ratio after 3 minutes post-exercise?
Should be no greater than 90%.
So at peak if it’s 200, and after 3 min it’s 180 (180/200 )= 0.90, so this ratio is okay.
A three-minute systolic blood pressure ratio greater than 0.90 is considered abnormal and has a diagnostic accuracy of approximately 75 percent for the detection of coronary artery disease.
