SCOM240

Question 1

what are examples of systems

Answer 1

the body, chick fil a drive through, factory line, football team

Question 2

Karl Weick

Answer 2

Applied systems theory to organization to explain how:
-orgs are a constant flow
-individuals are interconnected in an org

Question 3

information systems are different from mechanical systems because:

Answer 3

they are goals oriented
and
based on information processing

Question 4

Equilvocaility

Answer 4

Meaning is multiple
equal voices

Question 5

organizations are

Answer 5

complex
and
a complicated array of interconnected networks

Question 6

Enactment

Answer 6

action.

failure to act leads to problems

Question 7

selections

Answer 7

Sense-making.

Planning, decisions, responses

Question 8

Retention

Answer 8

How the system remembers

rules

Question 9

What traditions does info systems fall under

Answer 9

cybernetic
socio-cultural

Question 10

logos

Answer 10

proofs that appeal to listeners’ rationality, lines of argument that seem reasonable. Two types: enthymemes and examples.

Question 11

pathos

Answer 11

feelings that the speech draws out of the listeners.

Question 12

ethos

Answer 12

refers to credibility, or how an audience member perceived a speaker’s entire character based on the message and how it was delivered.

Question 13

five canons of rhetoric

Answer 13

invention
arrangement
style
delivery
memory

Question 14

emotional proofs

Answer 14

pathos

Question 15

logical proofs

Answer 15

logos

Question 16

perceived course credibility

Answer 16

ethos

Question 17

golden mean

Answer 17

In the virtue of moderation, the virtuous person develops habits that avoid extremes

“Aristotle believes that the virtue stands between two vices”

Question 18

Dramatism

Answer 18

-overarching approach
-A technique of analysis of language and thought as basic modes of action rather than means of conveying information

Question 19

Pentad

Answer 19

One way to approach
-method for exploring how persuasion and consubstantiality are achieved in rhetorical acts

Question 20

God terms

Answer 20

democracy, patriotic, freedom, equality, etc

Question 21

Devil terms

Answer 21

Socialist, heretic, terrorist, etc

Question 22

Strategies for identification

Answer 22

common ground, stylistic, “US and THEM”

Question 23

guilt must be resolved by:

Answer 23

mortification and scapegoat

Question 24

the redemption style

Answer 24

->guilt->purification->redemption->

Question 25

What is a paradigm

Answer 25

conceptual framework; universal model that calls for people to view events through a common interpretive lens

Question 26

Summarize the 5 truths/assumptions of narrative paradigm

Answer 26

1. humans are storytelling animals 2. humans make decisions based on good reasons 3. good reasons are based on contextual information 4. ration in the narrative paradigm is when the story is both internally consistent and reflective of lived experience 5. humans experienced the world as stories, which chooses how we live it

Question 27

summarize what a narrative coherence is

Answer 27

(probability) internal consistency, characters acting in a reliable way, the story hangs together

Question 28

summarize what a narrative fidelity is

Answer 28

(truth) congruence between values in a message and what listeners believe is truthful, the story sparks a responsive curve

Question 29

summarize what an ideal audience is

Answer 29

(permanent public), actual community that exists over time

Question 30

Common sense is the same as

Answer 30

Good reason is the same

Question 31

define susceptibility (EPPM)

Answer 31

Beliefs about the risks of experiencing the threat

Question 32

Define severity (EPPM)

Answer 32

Belief about the significance/magnitude of a threat

Question 33

Define self-efficacy (EPPM)

Answer 33

Beliefs about ones ability of performing the recommended response

Question 34

Define response-efficacy (EPPM)

Answer 34

Beliefs about the effectiveness of the recommended response

Question 35

Define extended parallel process model

Answer 35

Provides an explanation for when fear appeals will succeed/fail

Question 36

What is the EPPM process

Answer 36

Step 1: Threat Appraisal Low susceptibility/low severity -> disregard message High susceptibility/High severity -> fear arousal Step 2: efficacy appraisal Low self efficacy or low response-efficacy -> fear control High self efficacy or high response-efficacy ->

Question 37

Define fear appeals

Answer 37

persuasive message that uses fear to motivate behavior

Question 38

What is semiotics theory?

Answer 38

The study of anything that stands for something else

Question 39

Semiotics is the traditional way to analyze...

Answer 39

linguistic and visual codes in communication texts.

Question 40

When analyzing semiotics scientists investigate:

Answer 40

-how meaning is created (through the manipulation of signs and symbols) -how meaning is shared (through message) -how meaning is used (by identifying societal ideologies).

Question 41

Who are the two important figures of the semiotic theory?

Answer 41

Roland Barthes Umberto Eco

Question 42

Signs are made up of ______ and ______

Answer 42

Signifier and Signified (Signifier + signified = the sign)

Question 43

Signs are identified by three dimensions which are

Answer 43

-Physical: The image (signifier) -Representational: The meaning (signified) -Conceptual: The sign (the combination)

Question 44

Pierce’s system of classification: _______ Signs (Arbitrary) Iconic Signs (_______) ________ _____ (Connective)

Answer 44

Symbolic, Resembling, Indexical Signs

Question 45

What do media representations do?

Answer 45

-A replica: media as a representation of something -A stand in: media as creation that stands in for or takes place of something -Representations do more than reflect or stand-in; they give meaning to the thing they reflect or stand-in for

Question 46

Is cultural studies more interpretive or objective?

Answer 46

Interpretive

Question 47

Communication is produced by _______ but communication also produces it.

Answer 47

culture

Question 48

Who identifies two types of power, and which two types of power does he produce

Answer 48

Michael Foucault the power to prohibit or require the power to produce

Question 49

Preponderant

Answer 49

influence or authority over others: domination (e.g. the battle for hegemony in Asia)