Scoliosis Flashcards
Define scoliosis
Scoliosis is a lateral deviation or ‘sideways curve’ in the spine that appears as a ‘C’ or ‘S’ shape when viewing the spine from behind.
Which part of the spine may scoliosis involve?
the thoracic spine, lumbar spine, or both
What two types of scoliosis are there?
structural and non-structural scoliosis
What is structural scoliosis?
- rotation of the vertebrae occurs in combination with lateral curvature and this usually produces a protuberance on one side of the rib cage. This is the most serious type of scoliosis and it can be progressive.
- involves inflexible curvature that persists even with lateral bending of the spine.
What is non-structural scoliosis?
- In functional scoliosis, fixed rotation does not occur and the curvature is usually non-progressive.
- The curves caused by non- structural scoliosis are flexible and corrected when the client bends laterally.
Give a brief explanation of the cause of scoliosis
Scoliosis has a variety of causes. Some involve changes in bony structure, such as wedging of a vertebral body, others relate to neuromuscular problems directly affecting the musculature of the trunk.
Give examples of specific causes of scoliosis
- physical trauma following an accident
- by one-sided activities such as throwing or racket sports
- children may develop the condition through carrying heavy bags on one shoulder.
What is a common cause in relation to the legs in those with non structural scoliosis?
A difference in leg length is a common cause of non-structural scoliosis because it causes a lateral pelvic tilt when the client is standing, low on the side of the shorter leg. If the pelvis tilts laterally, the lumbar spine moves with the pelvis into a position of lateral curve, convex toward the low side.
What is meant by congenital scoliosis?
the condition has been present since birth
What is meant by idiopathic scoliosis?
the cause is unknown
Approximately 70–90% of all scoliosis cases are ________.
idiopathic
What ages is Idiopathic scoliosis most commonly diagnosed between? and in what gender?
- 10 and 13 years, but can be seen at any age
- is more common in females
What are the common symptoms of scoliosis? (4)
may vary with severity of the condition.
- one shoulder raised higher than the other
- a more prominent shoulder blade on one side
- leaning to one side so the head is not centred directly over the pelvis, - clothes not hanging properly
- back pain, although this is not always present.
What are some treatment options for those with mild scoliosis?
Mild cases of scoliosis may have no symptoms and may correct themselves with time.
Mild to moderate cases can be treated with exercise.
What are some treatment options for those with severe scoliosis?
characterised by extreme lateral deviation and localised rotation of the spine, can be painful and deforming. In the most severe of cases, spinal surgery may be required. This can help reduce the curvature, relieve back pain and prevent damage to the heart and lungs.
