SCMH 1000 Chapters 1-4 Exam #1

Question 1

John Snow

Answer 1

Lived from 1823-1858, and observed Cholera when people were drawing water from a specific pump in 1854.

Question 2

Ockham’s Razor

Answer 2

“The simplest answer is often the best one.” Idea used throughout the scientific method.

Question 3

Copernicus (1473-1543)

Answer 3

His model of the solar system had the planets revolving around the sun, however his model of planetary motion was still incorrect.

Question 4

Ptolemy (100-170 AD)

Answer 4

Model of the solar system had earth as the center of the universe, which would later be disproved.

Question 5

Tyco Brahe

Answer 5

Observed the first supernova, and used information to develop a refined idea of planetary motion.

Question 6

Keppler’s Second Law

Answer 6

The area swept out by a planet during any time length will always be the same.

Question 7

Keppler’s Third Law

Answer 7

The time it takes for a planet to orbit the sun is the cube of the distance relative to the square of time.

Question 8

fd=?

Answer 8

w

Question 9

force is exerted over a distance to create what?

Answer 9

work

Question 10

if a system is capable of exerting force over a distance, the system has what?

Answer 10

energy

Question 11

How can energy be used?

Answer 11

Can be added, or removed from a system.

Question 12

Kinetic Energy is

Answer 12

KE=1/2mv^2

Question 13

Examples of potential energy?

Answer 13

Stored energy, springs and chemicals.

Question 14

Units of energy are known as?

Answer 14

Joules

Question 15

The time it takes to do work is known as?

Answer 15

Power

Question 16

Units of power are known as what?

Answer 16

Watts

Question 17

PEG=? (Potential energy of gravity)

Answer 17

MGH (Mass, gravitational acceleration, height of the object)

Question 18

The law of energy conservation?

Answer 18

Energy can neither be created nor destroyed, but may change from one form into another.

Question 19

How can energy leave a system?

Answer 19

Friction, air resistance, sound and heat.

Question 20

What is thermal energy?

Answer 20

described collective kinetic energy of atoms and molecules that are always in a state of motion.

Question 21

How is the heat of an object determined?

Answer 21

The vigorousness of the movement of molecules within the object.

Question 22

Heat is the process by which thermal energy is transferred. What are the three ways this transfer is made?

Answer 22

Conduction, convection and radiation.

Question 23

What determines the efficiency of engines?

Answer 23

The second law of thermodynamics. There is less energy disorder in an efficient engine.

Question 24

What helps to improve efficiency?

Answer 24

The lowest increase in entropy/disorder

Question 25

Ordered system

Answer 25

regular predictable patterns

Question 26

Disordered system

Answer 26

Random, unpredictable patterns

Question 27

Entropy

Answer 27

Disorder of energy/inefficiency