SCMH 1000 Chapters 1-4 Exam #1 Flashcards
John Snow
Lived from 1823-1858, and observed Cholera when people were drawing water from a specific pump in 1854.
Ockham’s Razor
“The simplest answer is often the best one.” Idea used throughout the scientific method.
Copernicus (1473-1543)
His model of the solar system had the planets revolving around the sun, however his model of planetary motion was still incorrect.
Ptolemy (100-170 AD)
Model of the solar system had earth as the center of the universe, which would later be disproved.
Tyco Brahe
Observed the first supernova, and used information to develop a refined idea of planetary motion.
Keppler’s Second Law
The area swept out by a planet during any time length will always be the same.
Keppler’s Third Law
The time it takes for a planet to orbit the sun is the cube of the distance relative to the square of time.
fd=?
w
force is exerted over a distance to create what?
work
if a system is capable of exerting force over a distance, the system has what?
energy
How can energy be used?
Can be added, or removed from a system.
Kinetic Energy is
KE=1/2mv^2
Examples of potential energy?
Stored energy, springs and chemicals.
Units of energy are known as?
Joules
The time it takes to do work is known as?
Power
Units of power are known as what?
Watts
PEG=? (Potential energy of gravity)
MGH (Mass, gravitational acceleration, height of the object)
The law of energy conservation?
Energy can neither be created nor destroyed, but may change from one form into another.
How can energy leave a system?
Friction, air resistance, sound and heat.
What is thermal energy?
described collective kinetic energy of atoms and molecules that are always in a state of motion.
How is the heat of an object determined?
The vigorousness of the movement of molecules within the object.
Heat is the process by which thermal energy is transferred. What are the three ways this transfer is made?
Conduction, convection and radiation.
What determines the efficiency of engines?
The second law of thermodynamics. There is less energy disorder in an efficient engine.
What helps to improve efficiency?
The lowest increase in entropy/disorder
