SCIPAD - Microorganisms & The Environment Glossary

Question 1

Life processes

Answer 1

Characteristics of a living organism, represented by MRSCGREN

Question 2

respiration

Answer 2

A chemical reaction that occurs in the mitochondria which releases energy from food.

Question 3

aerobic

Answer 3

Using oxygen.

Question 4

anaerobic

Answer 4

Not using oxygen.

Question 5

excretion

Answer 5

Getting rid of waste produces made by cells.

Question 6

growth

Answer 6

Creating more cells by mitosis.

Question 7

Reproduction

Answer 7

Making new individuals.

Question 8

nutrition

Answer 8

Taking in food to get substances for growth and energy for cell processes.

Question 9

Taio

Answer 9

Earth, natural world, environment

Question 10

mauri

Answer 10

Spark or life force - in this context we will use mauri as an expression of the health / balanced function of an ecosystem.

Question 11

Abiotic factor

Answer 11

Abiotic factors in an ecosystem are non-living elements of the environment that influence the way organisms and ecosystems function.

Question 12

Biotic factor

Answer 12

Biotic factors are the living parts of an ecosystem

Question 13

eukaryote

Answer 13

A eukaryote is an organism whose cells have a nucleus and other membrane-bound organelles

Question 14

prokaryote

Answer 14

A prokaryote is a single-celled organism that lacks a nucleus and other membrane-bound organelles

Question 15

organelle

Answer 15

An organelle is a part of a cell that has a specific function and is usually enclosed within its own membrane. Organelles are found only in eukaryotic cells, not in prokaryotic cells like bacteria.

Question 16

Mitochondrion

Answer 16

an organelle found in large numbers in most cells, in which the biochemical processes of respiration and energy production occurs

Question 17

chloroplast

Answer 17

A chloroplast is a cell organelle that produces energy through photosynthesis.

Question 18

nucleus

Answer 18

a dense organelle present in most eukaryotic cells, containing the genetic material.

Question 19

ribosome

Answer 19

A ribosome is a cellular structure that performs protein synthesis

Question 20

Cell membrane

Answer 20

Also known as the plasma membrane, is a double layer of lipids and proteins that surrounds a cell.

Question 21

Cell wall

Answer 21

A cell wall is an outer layer surrounding certain cells that is outside of the cell membrane. The cell wall provides strength and structural support to the cell.

Question 22

Mucus capsule
Layer of sticky compounds that aid bacteria to stick to food sources.

Answer 22

Layer of sticky compounds that aid bacteria to stick to food sources.

Question 23

hyphae

Answer 23

The long branching filaments of a fungus.

Question 24

spore

Answer 24

The one-celled reproductive unit of fungi.

Question 25

endospore

Answer 25

A rounded, inactive form that certain bacteria assume under conditions of extreme temperature, dryness, or lack of food.

Question 26

fermentation

Answer 26

A metabolic process by which organic molecules (normally glucose) are converted into acids, gases, or alcohol in the absence of oxygen

Question 27

virus

Answer 27

A virus is a chain of nucleic acids (DNA or RNA) often housed in a protein coat or protein envelope, a protective covering which allows the virus to survive between hosts.

Question 28

unicellular
An organism made up of only one cell.

Answer 28

An organism made up of only one cell.

Question 29

multicelluar

Answer 29

An organism made up of more than one cell.

Question 30

antibiotic

Answer 30

Substances that are capable of killing and inhibiting growth of specific microorganisms, such as infectious bacteria and fungi.

Question 31

pathogen

Answer 31

A disease-causing micro-organism.

Question 32

microbe

Answer 32

Bacteria, unicellular fungi, viruses.

Question 33

enzyme

Answer 33

Proteins in cells that act as a catalyst to speed up a reaction without itself being changed in the process.

Question 34

MRS C GREN

Answer 34

Movement
Respiration
Sensitivity
Growth
Reproduction
Excretion
Nutrition