SCIP year 4 questions Flashcards
what are the 10 standard infection control precautions
- patient placement
- hand hygiene
- respiratory and cough hygiene
- PPE
- equipment
- environment
- linen
- body fluid spillage
- clinical waste management
- prevention of occupational exposure
what are the 4 colour linen bags and what are there uses
red: bathrooms, washrooms: high risk areas and any soiled stuff put into alginate bag first
white: non contaminated
blue=heat liable may be damaged by thermal disinfectant
5 stages of hand hygiene
- before and
- after touching patient
- before asceptic technique
- after touching bodily fluids
- after touching patients surroundings
when should hand wash rather than alcohol be used
- hands that are visibly soiled
- the patient has diarrhoea
- the patient is suspected of clostridium difficile
who is in charge of fire safety on the ward
the senior charge nurse
what does horizontal and lateral evacuation mean
means patients can be moved on the same floor, can be kept inside the building as much as possible through special fire compartments to maintain care. Means the effort required to move the patient is minimised reducing strain on staff.
what does HEL stand for when considering an incident or adverse event
HEL
humanitarian
economic
legal aspects
who is responsible for information governanace
caldicott guardian
what are the 7 caldicott principles for use of confidential information
- justify the purpose of every proposed use of transfer
- don’t use it unless absolutely necesssary
- use the minimum amount of CI necessary
- access should be a strict need to know basis
- everyone with access to it should be aware of their responsibilities
- understand and comply with the law
- the duty to share information can be as important as the duty to protect the patient confidentiality
how to move a patient onto a trolley
- apply the brakes
- raise the bed to just above the trolley
- lie the bed flat
- patslide halfway between and use of glidesheets on top of the patslide to reduce the effort needed to transfer the patient
- at least 3 people
Healthcare associated infection 5 main ones
- staph aureus -mrsa
- c.difficle infection
- vre
- MDRO/XDR multi drug
- CPE-enterobacteriacea
2 clinical waste colour bags
orange and white
what should patients be checked for when come into hospital
MRSA
CPE
urine cleaning up protocol
clean up first with water and then chlor-clean
cleaning up contaminated eg pooh and blood
use the haz tab
how to take off ppe
- gloves
- apron and then
- mask
what bags are used for soiled laundry
alginate bags
what does occupational exposure mean
for the healthcare worker eg needlstick injury
triangle
special precautions at top
transmission based precautions
standard infection control precautions
transmission based precautions 3
contact precaution
droplet precaution
airborne precaution
what changes from droplet to make airborne precaution
airborne is if patient is on a BIPAP or CRP or a procedure that turns droplets to airborne
what precaution is needed for airborne precautions
need to wear an FPP3 respirator
how is c.diff transmitted
faecal and spores
what pathogens are contact precaution
c.diff
mrsa
nv
what pathogens are droplet precaution
rsv, influenza
how to clean up body fluid spillages eg blood or contaminated that are high risk
Haz tab
10,000 ppm chlorine releasing agent
meaning of detergent
disinfectant sterilisation
detergent: doesnt kill but removes dirt
disinfect: reduce number of micros by killing some but not usually spores
sterilisation: removes all contaminants including spores
cleaning bed pans how
chlor clean unless infected patient
who is a priority in a fire
if on o2 need a portable o2 cyclinder
what does an intermittent alarm mean
means the fire is somewhere else in the hospital so dont need to evacuate that area due to fire doors stopping it
what soap should be used for c.difficile
antimicrobial soap
what should be done after coighing
dispose of tissue
wash hands with non-antimicrobial liquid soap and warm water
where should all PPE be
-close to point o use
stored to prevent contamination in a dry and clean area
-single use item
-disposed of into correct bin
gloves must be 4
- worn when exposed to bodily fluid
- changed after each patient
- changed if puncture
- appropriate for use, fit for purpose and well fitting
when must full body gown be worn
when there is a risk of extensive splashing of blood and or other body fluid
when should eye/face precaution be worn
if blood and or body fluid contaminate and in aerosol generating procedure
equiment is classified as either
- single use eg needles
- single patient use eg o2
- reusable invasive
- reusuable non-invasive eg commode
before using sterile equipment check that
packaging is intact
no signs of contamination
valid expiry date
Decontamination of reusable non-invasive care equipment must be undertaken:
between each use;
after blood and/or body fluid contamination;
at regular predefined intervals as part of an equipment cleaning protocol; and
before inspection, servicing or repair.
for linen do not
rinse, shake or sort linen on removal from beds/trolleys;
place used linen on the floor or any other surfaces e.g. a locker/table top;
re-handle used linen once bagged;
overfill laundry receptacles; or
place inappropriate items in the laundry receptacle e.g. used equipment/needles.
3 colour of waste streams
black=trivial risk for domestic waste or yello and black stripes
orange=clinical waste
yellow=chemical waste special hazardous generating
link of chain of infection
infectious agent reservoir mode of escape mode of transmission mode of entry susceptible host
risk assessment of HAI 4 steps for risk assessing using sharps in a procedure
- considering patients mental state
- beware of others using sharps in an emergency situation
- gain informed consent if required
- assess level of assistance the procedure may reqiure
