scientist

Question 1

who made the theory of evolution

Answer 1

Charles Darwin

Question 2

Descent with modification

Answer 2

Charles Darwin

Question 3

Charles Darwin’s ship captain

Answer 3

Robert FitzRoy

Question 4

Modern Synthesis

Answer 4

1942

Question 5

Charles Darwin

Answer 5

1859

Question 6

Integral Model

Answer 6

2012

Question 7

basic unit of heredity

Answer 7

gene

Question 8

darwin did not use the word ___________ in the original theory

Answer 8

evolution

Question 9

backbone of his Theory of Evolution

Answer 9

descent with modification

Question 9

by Charles Darwin refers to the
species that changed over time

Answer 9

Evolution described as “descent with modification”

Question 10

three basic concepts that are helpful in clarifying how descent with
modification works:

Answer 10

Genetic mutation
 Individual (or natural) selection
 Evolution of the population (or species as a whole)

Question 11

On the Origin of Species (1859)

Answer 11

Charles Darwin

Question 12

Heraclitus (c. 500 B.C.E.)

Answer 12

Greek Philosophy

Question 13

believed that change was a fundamental property of
the universe

Answer 13

Heraclitus (c. 500 B.C.E.)

Question 14

first articulated a crude but
dynamic theory that postulated that the origin of life had taken place in a manner that
suggested evolution.

Answer 14

Empedocles (c. 392–432 B.C.E.)

Question 15

the belief in a changing universe fell into disfavor

Answer 15

Aristotle (384–
322 B.C.E.),

Question 16

believed in
a static universe which held that living organisms were created initially and then remained
essentially unchanged.

Answer 16

r. Aristotle and his numerous
medieval and Renaissance translators, commentators, and supporters

Question 17

suggested that fossils were of organic (once-living) origin and that uniform or
constant processes rather than catastrophic or one-time events had shaped Earth’s history

Answer 17

. Geological
theories

Question 18

one of the first
to question the fixity of species and to suggest a transmutationist theory with a startling
resemblance to Darwinian evolution

Answer 18

Comte de Buffon (Count Buffon, 1707–1788)

Question 19

Although he was a respected naturalist, his
theoretical explanations for the origin of life and of species change were not accepted
during his time

Answer 19

Comte de Buffon (Count Buffon, 1707–1788)

Question 20

Buffon’s transmutationist ideas were also not accepted because they
opposed the philosophical teachings of his French colleague __________________

Answer 20

Georges Cuvier

Question 21

the great
comparative anatomist and the father of modern paleontology

Answer 21

Georges Cuvier

Question 22

The first to suggest a viable theory of species change

Answer 22

Jean-Baptiste
Lamarck

Question 23

was interested in adaptation or the manner and process by which
organisms are able to adapt physiologically and morphologically to their environment.

Answer 23

lamarck

Question 24

According to ____________, the use or, in many cases, disuse of such a vital organ
could lead to the development of novel but well-adapted traits. The cumulative effect of
these adaptations could eventually lead to a new species.

Answer 24

lamarck

Question 25

Darwin’s own grandfather

Answer 25

Erasmus Darwin

Question 26

suggested that life originated from “ one living filament”

Answer 26

Erasmus Darwin

Question 27

studied birth defects

Answer 27

Isidore Geoffroy Sainte Hilaire (1805-1861)

Question 28

suggested that through such “monstrous birth” a new species might suddenly arise

Answer 28

isidore geoffroy sainte hilaire

Question 29

the leading transmutationist of the 19th century

Answer 29

charles darwin

Question 30

who is the scientist that formulated an identical theory to darwin

Answer 30

alfred russel wallace

Question 31

On the Origin of Species or the Preservation of Favored
Races in the Struggle for Life

Answer 31

charles darwin

Question 32

occurs when an organism with
a favorable variation in some trait reproduces more as a result, thereby increasing the
frequency of the variation in the next generation.

Answer 32

natural selection