scientist Flashcards

1
Q

who made the theory of evolution

A

Charles Darwin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Descent with modification

A

Charles Darwin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Charles Darwin’s ship captain

A

Robert FitzRoy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Modern Synthesis

A

1942

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Charles Darwin

A

1859

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Integral Model

A

2012

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

basic unit of heredity

A

gene

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

darwin did not use the word ___________ in the original theory

A

evolution

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

backbone of his Theory of Evolution

A

descent with modification

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

by Charles Darwin refers to the
species that changed over time

A

Evolution described as “descent with modification”

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

three basic concepts that are helpful in clarifying how descent with
modification works:

A

Genetic mutation
 Individual (or natural) selection
 Evolution of the population (or species as a whole)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

On the Origin of Species (1859)

A

Charles Darwin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Heraclitus (c. 500 B.C.E.)

A

Greek Philosophy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

believed that change was a fundamental property of
the universe

A

Heraclitus (c. 500 B.C.E.)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

first articulated a crude but
dynamic theory that postulated that the origin of life had taken place in a manner that
suggested evolution.

A

Empedocles (c. 392–432 B.C.E.)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

the belief in a changing universe fell into disfavor

A

Aristotle (384–
322 B.C.E.),

16
Q

believed in
a static universe which held that living organisms were created initially and then remained
essentially unchanged.

A

r. Aristotle and his numerous
medieval and Renaissance translators, commentators, and supporters

17
Q

suggested that fossils were of organic (once-living) origin and that uniform or
constant processes rather than catastrophic or one-time events had shaped Earth’s history

A

. Geological
theories

18
Q

one of the first
to question the fixity of species and to suggest a transmutationist theory with a startling
resemblance to Darwinian evolution

A

Comte de Buffon (Count Buffon, 1707–1788)

19
Q

Although he was a respected naturalist, his
theoretical explanations for the origin of life and of species change were not accepted
during his time

A

Comte de Buffon (Count Buffon, 1707–1788)

20
Q

Buffon’s transmutationist ideas were also not accepted because they
opposed the philosophical teachings of his French colleague __________________

A

Georges Cuvier

21
Q

the great
comparative anatomist and the father of modern paleontology

A

Georges Cuvier

22
Q

The first to suggest a viable theory of species change

A

Jean-Baptiste
Lamarck

23
Q

was interested in adaptation or the manner and process by which
organisms are able to adapt physiologically and morphologically to their environment.

24
According to ____________, the use or, in many cases, disuse of such a vital organ could lead to the development of novel but well-adapted traits. The cumulative effect of these adaptations could eventually lead to a new species.
lamarck
25
Darwin's own grandfather
Erasmus Darwin
26
suggested that life originated from " one living filament"
Erasmus Darwin
27
studied birth defects
Isidore Geoffroy Sainte Hilaire (1805-1861)
28
suggested that through such "monstrous birth" a new species might suddenly arise
isidore geoffroy sainte hilaire
29
the leading transmutationist of the 19th century
charles darwin
30
who is the scientist that formulated an identical theory to darwin
alfred russel wallace
31
On the Origin of Species or the Preservation of Favored Races in the Struggle for Life
charles darwin
32
occurs when an organism with a favorable variation in some trait reproduces more as a result, thereby increasing the frequency of the variation in the next generation.
natural selection
33