Scientific Programming/C

Question 1

A computer system consists of what three components?

Answer 1

Hardware, software and firmware

Question 2

What is a general purpose computer?

Answer 2

It is a computer that can run many different languages and solve many problems.

Question 3

What is a special purpose computer?

Answer 3

It is a computer that uses a single programming languae designed for a specific type of application.

Question 4

What are types of general purpose computers?

Answer 4

Mainfram, super, personal and laptop

Question 5

What is a mainframe computer used for?

Answer 5

Large mainframe computers are used for critical applications such as census, industry and statistics, like IBM

Question 6

What is a super computer used for?

Answer 6

They are used for complex scientific computations, and are super fast

Question 7

What is a server?

Answer 7

It is a large computer system that stores large variaties of programs and data bases

Question 8

What is a workstation?

Answer 8

Workstations are capable of performing large computations

Question 9

What is the motherboard?

Answer 9

Each component is attatched to this and it allows all the compenents to communicate with each other.

Question 10

What is the video card?

Answer 10

It provides image to the screen

Question 11

What is the hard drive?

Answer 11

It stores data even when the machine is off

Question 12

What is the RAM?

Answer 12

RAM contains info while the computer is on but it is lost when turned off

Question 13

What is the CPU?

Answer 13

It provides the calculations and manipulation of data sent from the user

Question 14

What is turnaround?

Answer 14

Turnaround is the amount of time elapsing between request to the computer and availability of output

Question 15

What is throughput?

Answer 15

It is measured by the number of jobs that are completed in a given time period.

Question 16

What is modularization?

Answer 16

It is the process of breaking down a complex problem into solvable,manageable and functional units

Question 17

What is the first part of modular design?

Answer 17

To break the problem into modules or subproblems.

Question 18

What are two module types?

Answer 18

Functional: A module with a specific function or task to perform

Spatial: a module that is repeated in several places.

Question 19

What is a structure chart?

Answer 19

It is a design tool that represents both modules of an algorithm and their relationship to each other.

Question 20

What is an algorithm?

Answer 20

It is a procedure consisting of a finite number of precisely defined steps for solving a problem.

Question 21

What is a program?

Answer 21

It is a sequence of executable unambiguous instructions written in a computer language

Question 22

What is pseudocode?

Answer 22

It is a semi-formal description of the steps to be carried out by a computer.

Question 23

What is source code?

Answer 23

A text listing commands to be compiled and assembled into an executable program

Question 24

What is documentation?

Answer 24

It is comments that document the code the whole programming process as an aid to the programmer

Question 25

What is the operating system?

Answer 25

Acts like a middleman between user and hardware, examples include iOS, Windows, Linux

Question 26

What is a high level programming language?

Answer 26

It is a language that is more similar to human language and is more portable in that it can be translated from operating system to operating system. examples are Python, C, Javascript, C++

Question 27

What is a low-level language?

Answer 27

It is more like machine language, binary code. Some examples are binary, machine, assembly.

Question 28

How does every program in C begin?

Answer 28

int main(){

~~~~~~~

}