SCIENTIFIC PRINCIPLES AND RESEARCH Flashcards
empirical.
Based on observation or experience.
test–retest reliability
The ability to get similar results when something is measured under the same conditions.
Reliability
The consistency of a measure.
Validity
The assessment of whether a tool is measuring what it is supposed to measure.
Selection bias
A sample of people under study is not representative of the larger population that scientists are looking to make inferences about.
Retrospective
Describes a study that looks backward in time.
Recall bias
The inability to accurately remember past behaviors.
peer review
The critical evaluation of a study by other scientists.
Types of Peer-Reviewed Journal Articles
Position stands and scientific consensus statements.
Systematic reviews and meta-analyses
Individual studies
Narrative reviews
Which of the following best describes an empirical scientific approach?
Controlled observation
Which of the following represents a weakness of observational studies?
Correlation does not equal causation
Which of the following best represents a weakness of interventional designs?
Small number of subjects
Which of the following is the best source of information?
Peer reviewed scientific journals
