Scientific methodology - Ethical guidelines and considerations

Question 1

What are the 5 principles of ethics?

Answer 1

1. Integrity
2. Justice
3. Beneficence
4. Non-maleficence
5. Respect

Question 2

What is integrity?

Answer 2

Honestly reporting all findings

Question 3

What is justice?

Answer 3

Equal access to benefits for all groups, and no burden on particular groups

Question 4

What is beneficence?

Answer 4

Investigation needs to minimise risk and maximise benefit

Question 5

What is non-maleficence?

Answer 5

Involves researchers or investigators avoiding any sources of harm to the best of their knowledge

Question 6

What is respect?

Answer 6

Valuing living things, human and non-human, including customs, decision making and autonomy.

Question 7

What are the 3 approaches of bioethics?

Answer 7

1. Consequence based
2. Duty/rule based
3. Virtues based

Question 8

What is a consequence based approach in bioethics?

Answer 8

Focuses on maximising positive outcomes and minimising negative effects

Question 9

What is a virtues based approach in bioethics?

Answer 9

Considers individual morals and values

Question 10

What is a duty/rule-based approach in bioethics?

Answer 10

Emphases adherence to ethical rules and societal norms