Scientific Method Flashcards
Gel Electrophoresis
A test to compare DNA or proteins, DNA is cut with enzymes then it’s placed in wells. Small fragments fall to the bottom of the plate and big fragments to the top.
Chromatography
A test to separate pigments(color),
Put pigment above water line
Indicator
A chemical that changes color with another chemical
EX) Iodine=Amber
Iodine+starch= blue/black color
Evidence
Support the idea that something is true
Control
“Normal” with medicine studies=Placebo used for comparison
Experiment
A series of tests that are done to support or refute(go against) a hypothesis
Dependent variable
What to measure to answer the research question
Put on y axis
“Amt of”
“Rate of”
Hypothesis
Educated prediction
If (we do this), then (this will happen)
Independent variable
One per experiment
One factor that you change category
“Type of”
Assumption
The belief that something is true
Opinion
Ideas that are not based on fact, probably biased
Placebo
Used for the control group in medicine studies
- saline(salt water) shot or sugar pill
Sample size
- large group of test subjects
- must have a large sample size to have accurate and reliable data
- reduces effect of individual differences
Theory
- a hypothesis that has supported many many times
- similar to a law but more complex understanding
Scientific literacy
Applying critical thinking skills, understanding how proper science should be conducted
Bias
Belief that is influenced by assumptions, you go to on épée sons side but not the others
Inference
Conclusions based on observations, use of the results to make an educated guess
Peer review
Several scientists examine the details of the experiment
Conclusion
Decision about the results, final
Controlled experiment
experiment where the only variation between groups is deliberated, this is when the normal group just gets the placebo
Data
Information gathered from an experiment
Hypothesis
An educated prediction, a tentative explanation to an observation
Observation
Data that is collected by the sense
Ex) seeing
Volume
The space an object occupies
Mass
Quantity of matter
Magnification
Enlarge the view of an object
Compound light microscope
Magnifies translucent objects
Dichotomous key
Chart with 2 options per level, used to classify organisms
Dissection
Examination of preserved specimens
Graduated cylinder
Tool used to measure liquid volume
Metric ruler
Tool used to determine length in metric units
Model
A representation of a concept that is difficult or impossible to view
Stain
Chemical used to enhance microscopic view of biological samples
Triple beam balance
Instrument used to find mass in grams
MARIAH GIFFORD
PERIOD 4-5
Living Enviroment
