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Biology - Scientific Method > Scientific Method > Flashcards

Scientific Method Flashcards

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1
Q

Nutrition

A

The way in which living organisms use food

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2
Q

Function of Food

A

A complex of chemicals required by a living organism to provide energy, used in growth and repair and to maintain metabolic processes and continuity of life

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3
Q

Biomolecules

A

Chemical found in and produced by living organisms

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4
Q

General Formula of Carbs

A

Cx(H20)y

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5
Q

Chemical Formula of Glucose

A

C6H12O6

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6
Q

Monosaccharide Example

A

Glucose

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7
Q

What is a monosaccharide

A

A single sugar unit

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8
Q

What is a disaccharide

A

Two sugar units joined together

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9
Q

Disaccharide Example

A

Sucrose

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10
Q

What is a polysaccharide

A

Carbs composed of many sugar units joined together

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11
Q

Example of a Polysaccharide

A

Starch or Cellulose

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12
Q

Glycogen is..

A

Stored in liver and muscle

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13
Q

Structural Role of Carb

A

Component of cell wall

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14
Q

Metabolic Role of Carbs

A

Glucose is broken down in respiration to release energy, hence used to carry out other metabolic reactions

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15
Q

2 Main Types of Fats

A

Phospholipids and Triglycerides

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16
Q

Fats vs Oils

A

Fats - Solid at room temp
Oils - Liquid at room temp

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17
Q

Structure of Triglycerides

A

1 Glycerol
3 Fatty Acids

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18
Q

Structure of Phospholipids

A

1 Glycerol
1 Phosphate
2 Fatty Acids

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19
Q

Structural Role of Phospholipids

A

Component of cell membrane in all living cells

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20
Q

Structural Role of Triglycerides

A

Forms Adipose tissue around organs, acts as a shock absorber

21
Q

Metabolic Role of Fats

A

Energy

22
Q

How many common amino acids are there?

A

20

23
Q

Types of Protein

A

Fibrous and Globular

24
Q

Fibrous Proteins…

A

..have little of no folding (hair. skin, nails)

25
Q

Globular Proteins…

A

..lots of folding (hormones, enzymes, antibodies)

26
Q

Structural Role of Proteins

A

Keratin - Hair Skin Nails
Collagen - Bone Ligaments Tendons

27
Q

Metabolic Role of Proteins

A

Enzymes and Antibodies

28
Q

Fat Soluble Vitamins

A

A, D, E, K

29
Q

Water Soluble Vitamins

A

B, C

30
Q

Structural Role of Vitamins

A

None

31
Q

Metabolic Role of Vitamins

A

Homeostasis

32
Q

Other Name For Vitamin D

A

Calciferol

33
Q

Deficiency in Vit D can lead to

A

Osteomalacia in Adults
Rickets in Children

34
Q

Metabolic Role of Vit D

A

Absorption of Calcium in digestive system

35
Q

Other Name For Vit C

A

Ascorbic Acid

36
Q

Deficiency of Vit C can lead to

A

Scurvy

37
Q

Metabolic Role of Vit C

A

Formation of Collagen

38
Q

Water % in cell mass

A

70% - 95%

39
Q

Plant Minerals

A

Calcium
Magnesium

40
Q

Function of Calcium in Plants

A

Required to form the middle lamella cement that glues plant cells together

41
Q

Function of Magnesium in Plants

A

Key component on Chlorophyll

42
Q

Animal Minerals

A

Calcium
Iron

43
Q

Function of Calcium in animals

A

Formation of teeth and growth and maintenance of bones

44
Q

Function of Iron in animals

A

Key component of Haemoglobin

45
Q

How to test for Starch

A

Add 3 drops on Iodine onto food, if starch is present:
Orange-Yellow -> Blue-Black

46
Q

Test for Lipids

A

Rub foods onto brown pap. Let paper dry. If thee is a translucent spot: Fat is present

47
Q

Test for Glucose

A

Add Benedicts Solution to a solution of water and sugar. Glucose is present:
Blue -> Brick-Red
Control - Water

48
Q

Test for Protein

A

Biuret Reagent into a test tube of milk.
Protein is present: Blue -> Lilac

Biology - Scientific Method (1 decks)

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