Scientific Method

Question 1

Observation and Asking Questions

Answer 1

The process of science begins with an observation. An observation is the act of perceiving a natural occurrence that causes someone to pose a question

Question 2

Forming a Hypothesis

Answer 2

A hypothesis is a proposed explanation for the way a particular aspect of the natural world functions. To test a hypothesis, scientists make a prediction that logically follows from the hypothesis.

Question 3

Designing an experiment

Answer 3

A controlled experiment compares an experimental group and a control group and only has one variable.

The control group provides a normal standard against the biologist can compare results of the experimental group

The experimental group is identical to the control group except for one factor
- the experimenter manipulates the independent variable
- the experimenter measures the dependent variable

Experiments should be conducted without bias and they should be repeated

Question 4

Collecting and analyzing data

Answer 4

Scientists analyze data to draw conclusions about the experiment performed

Question 5

Drawing conclusions

Answer 5

An inference is a conclusion made on the basis of facts and previous knowledge rather then on direct observations.

Question 6

Constructing a theory

Answer 6

A theory is a set of related hypotheses confirmed to be true many times, and it can explain a great amount of data

Question 7

Communicating ideas

Answer 7

Scientists submit research papers to scientific journals for publication.

Question 8

Honesty and Bias

Answer 8

The threat of a potential scandel based on misleading data or conclusions is a powerful force in science that help keep scientists honest and fair.