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Science Examination > Science yearly > Flashcards

Science yearly Flashcards

1
Q

What are the contact forces?

A

friction, buoyancy, and air-pressure

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2
Q

What are the two categories of forces?

A

Contact force, and non-contact forces

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3
Q

What are the non-contact forces?

A

Gravity, magnesium, and electrostatic.

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4
Q

What are balanced forces?

A

The forces are balanced, an even pull on each end, therefore it can’t be moving or going anywhere.

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5
Q

What are un-balanced forces?

A

The forces are unbalanced, the pull on each side are not equal, making the object move in the direction of the strongest pull.

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6
Q

What is friction?

A

The force of two objects rubbing up against each other, friction slows down or stops movement.

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7
Q

Why is friction good?

A

-allows us to walk
-allows us to sit in a chair
-drive safely
-allows us to stand
-slows down movement.

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8
Q

Why is friction bad?

A

-if pushing something heavy, friction makes it harder.
-friction causes heat
-friction is bad for car engine because we have to add oil to reduce the heat from friction.

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9
Q

What is static electricity?

A

Stationary electrical charge that builds up on the surface of a material.

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10
Q

What is matter made up of?

A

Atoms- atoms contain particles that have charges.

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11
Q

Does a proton have a negative or a positive charge?

A

A proton has a positive charge

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12
Q

Does an electron have a negative or a positive charge?

A

An electron has a negative charge.

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13
Q

What does magnets mean?

A

any material capable of attracting iron and producing a magnetic field

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14
Q

What is a magnetic field?

A

An area around a magnet that has a force that attracts objects to itself.

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15
Q

What is the difference of a permanent and temporary magnet?

A

A permanent magnet retains its magnetic properties for a long time, but a temporary magnet act like permanent ones when in a strong magnetic field.

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16
Q

What are the seven different forces?

A
  1. weight
  2. reaction (type A)
  3. reaction (type B)
  4. Thrust
  5. Friction
  6. Uplift
  7. Upthrust
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17
Q

What is the force of weight?

A

Gravity acting downwards on an object.

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18
Q

What is the force of reaction (type A)?

but gl bc idk

A

The force of ground holding something up

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19
Q

What is the force of reaction (type B)?

A

The force of an object pushing back up against you.

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20
Q

What is the force of thrust?

A

The force of pushing something forward.

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21
Q

What is the force of friction?

A

The force acting against any movement.

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22
Q

What is the force of uplift?

A

The force that lifts things up in air.

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23
Q

What is the force of upthrust?

A

The force of water pushing upwards.

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24
Q

What does ‘pull’ do?

A

keeps objects apart, or moves them apart

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25
Q

What does ‘push’ do?

A

keeps objects together, or moves them closer.

26
Q

What does ‘twist’ do?

A

makes things turn.

27
Q

What can forces do?

A

-change the shape of an object
-change or stop movement of an object
-or do both

28
Q

What does a force do when it changes the motion of an object?

A

-make an object start moving or go faster
-make an object slow down or stop
-change the direction its moving
-change the way its spinning
-sometimes all at the same time.

29
Q

What type of field does earth have?

A

a gravitational field

30
Q

What type of field does static electricity have?

A

An electrical field

31
Q

What type of field do magnets have?

A

a magnetic field

31
Q

What type of field do magnets have?

A

a magnetic field

32
Q

Is gravity a contact or non-contact force?

A

gravity is a non-contact force

33
Q

What is gravity?

A

The force that attracts the earth and an object towards each other.

34
Q

How do we know if something is living?

A

Mrs Gren

35
Q

What is Mrs Gren?

A

Mrs Gren stands for:
Movement
Respiration
Sensitivity
Growth
Reproduction
Excretion
Nutrition

36
Q

What is movement?

A

to change positions

37
Q

What is respiration?

A

produces energy from food

38
Q

What is sensitivity?

A

To detect changes in the surroundings, using the five senses.

39
Q

What is growth?

A

to increase in size

40
Q

What is reproduction?

A

To create new organisms

41
Q

What is excretion?

A

Remove wastes inside the body.

42
Q

What is nutrition?

A

the process of providing or obtaining the food necessary for health and growth.

43
Q

Why do we classify?

A

classifying living things is important to help us organise and make sense of the diverse organisms on earth.

44
Q

What are characteristics of mammals?

A
  • have a backbone
    -constant body temperature (endotherm)
  • Females have mammary glands that produce milk- all mammal babies feed on milk
    -skin or fur
45
Q

What are characteristics of birds?

A
  • have a backbone
    -skin with feathers
  • most can fly
  • eggs with a hard shell
  • a beak for feeding
  • constant body temperature (endotherm)
46
Q

What are characteristics of reptiles?

A
  • have a backbone
  • skin with scales
  • eggs with a leathery shell
  • lungs for breathing (on land)
  • changing body temperature (ectotherm)
47
Q

What are characteristics of amphibians?

A
  • have a backbone
  • soft moist skin without scales
  • eggs with no shell, usually laid in water
  • adults usually live on land and have lungs
  • changing body temperature (ectotherm)
48
Q

What are characteristics of fish?

A
  • have a backbone
  • only live in water
  • have gills for breathing underwater
  • lay eggs without a shell
  • skin with scales
  • have a changing body temperature (ectotherm)
49
Q

What are vertebrates?

A

Fish, mammals, amphibians, reptiles, and birds.

50
Q

What are the invertebrate’s?

A

to complete

51
Q

What are the five plants?

A
  • mosses
  • ferns
  • conifers
    -grasses
  • flowering plants
52
Q

What are classifications of mosses?

A

-live in damp places
- thin leaves that lose water
- no proper roots or stem
- make tiny spores

53
Q

What are classifications of ferns?

A
  • strong stems
    -roots and leaves
  • waxy layer (cuticle) to reduce water loss)
    -have tubes called xylem
  • release spores
54
Q

What are classifications of conifers?

A
  • many are evergreen, keeping their leaves throughout the entire year
  • leaves are needle shaped
  • make male and female cones
55
Q

What are classifications of flowering plants?

A
  • flowers contain reproductive organs
  • flowers make seeds after fertilization
  • live in dry and hot places
56
Q

What are keys?

A

a key is a tool that allows the user to determine and identify items in the natural world.

57
Q

What does dichotomous mean?

A

“divided into two parts”

58
Q

How do dichotomous keys work?

A

Dichotomous keys always give two choices in each step, to finally break down a group into you get it’s proper classification.

59
Q

What are classification keys also known as?

A

Dichotomous keys, and vice versa for classification keys.

60
Q

What is an ecosytem?

A

a biological community of interacting organisms and their physical environment.

Science Examination (1 decks)

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