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REVIEWER > SCIENCE (VOLCANO) > Flashcards

SCIENCE (VOLCANO) Flashcards

Review

1
Q

Large landmass on the surface of Earth’s crust

A

Mountain

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2
Q

Opening of Earth’s crust that erupts and emits smoke and magma

A

Volcano

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3
Q

Product of subduction zones

A

Volcano

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4
Q

An Earth’s body that has neither magma chamber nor crater

A

Mountain

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5
Q

It is a horseshoe-shaped of 75% belt that surrounds the Pacific Ocean with 75% of world’s active volcanoes

A

Pacific Ring of Fire

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6
Q

What are the types of volcano based on its structure and cone shape?

A

1)Shield volcano
2)Cinder cone volcano
3)Composite/stratovolcano

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7
Q

Type of volcano that erupts in a non-explosive, effusive manner
* basaltic magma, low silica content, small gas content

A

Shield volcano

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8
Q

Volcano with explosive eruptions of ash,cinder and dust
* common type of volcano

A

Cinder cone volcano

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9
Q

Volcanoes that erupts explosively with a pyroclastic flow
* High silica content, tall and symmetrical

A

Composite or stratovolcano

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10
Q

Magma will be considered ______ if it is blasted into the air and hardens.

A

pyroclastic material

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11
Q

types of pyroclastic materials

A

1)Volcanic bombs
2)Volcanic ash
3)Volcanic blocks
4)Lapili

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12
Q

Types of volcanic eruptions

A

1)Phreatic
2)Phreatomagmatic
3)Strombolian
4)Vulcanian
5)Plinian

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13
Q

Phreatic eruptions are ______ with only ephemeral ash columns

A

short-lived

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14
Q

Another name for phreatic eruption

A

Hydrothermal eruption

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15
Q

Unsafe pyroclastic flow currents is called ______.

A

Base surges

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16
Q

Difference between phreatic and phreatomagmatic eruption

A

Phreatic - contact of water and hot rocks
Phreatomagmatic - contact of water and magma

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17
Q

Very violent eruption with voluminous columns of very fine ash, high speed, and produce unsafe pyroclastic currents

A

Phreatomagmatic eruption

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18
Q

This eruption results to a cinder cone volcano.

A

Strombolian eruption

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19
Q

Characterized by lava fountains and flow

A

Strombolian eruption

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20
Q

Builds a cauliflower-shaped head eruption

A

Vulcanian eruption

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21
Q

Taal eruption is what kind?

A

Phreatic or phreatomagmatic eruption

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22
Q

Plinian eruptions is the _____ eruption type, with a towering ash cloud reaching up to _____ in height and produces extremely dangerous _______.

A

most powerful; 50,000 feet; pyroclastic flows

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23
Q

What kind of eruption that happened in 1991 Pinatubo eruption?

A

Plinian eruption

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24
Q

Factors affecting volcanic eruption’s style

A

1) Composition of magma/silica content
2) Magma temperature
3) Amount of dissolved gases

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25
Q

The higher the temperature of magma, the _____ the viscosity.

A

lower

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26
Q

The _____silica content of magma, the higher its viscosity.

A

higher

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27
Q

The higher the amount of gas of magma, the _____ its viscosity.

A

higher

28
Q

People believed that Earth is the center of the universe.

A

Geocentrism

29
Q

Is Earth flat?

A

Weh? Mama mo!

30
Q

It is the study of landforms and landform evolutions.

A

Geomorphology

31
Q

What are the primary geological forces that alters the Earth’s surface?

A

1) Diastrophism
2) Erosion
3) Weathering

32
Q

Horizontal or vertical movement of the crust; produces mountains.

A

Diastrophism

33
Q

Types of stress

A

1) Tension (ex. crust thinning, normal fault)
2) Compression(ex.folding, reverse fault)
3) Shear (ex. horizontal bending, strike-slip fault

34
Q

PHYSICAL wearing down of landmass by geomorphic agent such as running water.

A

Erosion

35
Q

Process of breaking down or dissolving of rocks and minerals

A

Weathering

36
Q

Phenomenon relating to volcanoes, magma, geysers, and hot springs.

A

Volcanism

37
Q

The word ‘volcano’ is derived from ______?

A

Vulcano Island; Vulcan of Roman God of fire

38
Q

A volcano is a ______ or a ______ that connects the magma from within the Earth’s crust to the surface.

A

vent; chimney

39
Q

It indicates that the volcano is not expected to erupt again. (more than 10,000 years old)

A

Extinct volcano

40
Q

A volcano to be awaken in the future and erupt again. (1001-10,000 years old)

A

Dormant volcano

41
Q

A volcano that is erupting in recent history (1-1000 years old)

A

Active volcano

42
Q

The most striking part of volcano

A

Cone

43
Q

opening of the volcano where lava flows or eruption takes place

A

vent

44
Q

The main part of the volcano that supplies magma from the underlying sources to the top of the volcano.

A

vent

45
Q

Large underground storage of liquid magma beneath the Earth’s crust.

A

Magma chamber

46
Q

Part of the volcano that is a bowl shaped indent where the vent is located.

A

Crater

47
Q

A volcanic depression that is larger than an original crater.

A

Caldera

48
Q

Difference between magma and lava

A

Magma - BENEATH the Earth’s surface
Lava - OUTSIDE or reached the Earth’s surface

49
Q

What temperature can the magma (lava upon ejection) reach until it cools and hardens?

A

up to 700°C

50
Q

Channel that conveys the magma up to the surface.

A

Conduit

51
Q

The side of the volcano

A

Flank

52
Q

The highest point of the volcano or mountain

A

Summit

53
Q

Chunks of lava rocks that can measure up to 64 mm in diameter.

A

Volcanic bombs

54
Q

Another term for mudflows

A

Lahar

55
Q

Fast moving currents of volcanic debris that can travel up to 700km/hr and as hot as 1000°C.

A

Pyroclastic flow

56
Q

Three(3) things to consider in volcanic monitoring

A

1) Seismicity 2) Deformation
3) Gas output

57
Q

_________ is rich in nutrients and very fertile in growing crops.

A

Volcanic soil

58
Q

Type of natural energy generated from volcanoes

A

Geothermal energy

59
Q

A geothermal system that sends water and steam into the air

A

Geyser or steam vent

60
Q

A geothermal system that emits gases such as carbon dioxide, sulfur oxide, and hydrogen sulfide

A

Fumaroles or solfataras

61
Q

underground naturally discharge of hot water from the earth

A

hot spring

62
Q

Philippines, in terms of generation of geothermal energy, ranks in the world at what spot?

A

2nd (second)

63
Q

Where is the first Philippine geothermal plant located that started operating in 1997?

A

Leyte

64
Q

Advantages of geothermal energy

A

1)Eco friendly
2)High reliability
3)Flexibility
4)Minimum landscapes
5)Cost effective
6)Helps developing countries grow

65
Q

Disadvantages of geothermal energy

A

1)Poses Environmental problems
2) Releases hydrogen sulfide
3) Disposes toxic geothermal fluids

REVIEWER (7 decks)

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