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8th Social Studies > Science Vocabulary > Flashcards

Science Vocabulary Flashcards

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1
Q

OZONE-

A

A gas molecule that is made up of three oxygen atoms. The ozone layer most ultraviolet rays are absorbed by the ozone layer or are reflected back in space.

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2
Q

CHOROFLUCARBON-

A

Breaks down ozone and have caused parts of the ozone layer to weaken. A number of human activities damage the ozone layer.

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3
Q

PARTICULATES-

A

Volcanic dust, ash from fire, microscopes, organisms, or mineral particulates lifted by wind. Pollen from plants and particles from meteors that have vaporized mare also particulates.

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4
Q

AURORAS-

A

Interaction between solar radiation and the ionsphere cause the phenoma known as auroras. Auroras can be seen from space as well as ground.

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5
Q

TEMPATURE INVERSION-

A

The layering of warm air on top of cool air. Warm air, which is less dense than cool air Can trap polluted air underneath.

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6
Q

GREENHOUSE EFFECT-

A

The warming of the surface and lower atmosphere of Earth that occurs when carbon dioxide, water vapor, and other gases absorb and radiate. Similary Earths atmosphere slows the escape of energy that radiation in from the Earths surface.

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7
Q

TRADE WINDS-

A

Prevailing winds that blow from east to west from 30 latitude to the equator in both hemispheres. Trade winds are named according to the direction they move.

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8
Q

WESTERLIES-

A

Prevailing winds that blow from west to east between 30 and 60 latitude in both hemispheres. Some descending air moving toward the poles is deflected by the Coriolis effect.

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9
Q

DOLDRUMS-

A

Northern and southern hemispheres meet at the equator in a narrow zone.

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10
Q

NUCLEAR FUSSION

A

The process that produces coal deposits.

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11
Q

HORSE LATITUDES-

A

When latitudes descends and high pressure zones form. Surface winds are weak and variable.

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12
Q

BIOMASS-

A

Come from organic matter such as plant material and paper waste.

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13
Q

GEOTHERMAL ENERGY-

A

Is produced by heat within the Earth.

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14
Q

FOSSIL FUELS-

A

Were formed from the reamins of the living organisms.

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15
Q

HYDROELECTRIC ENERGY-

A

Is produced by running water.

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16
Q

NUCLEAR FUSION-

A

The process by which the nucleas of a heacy atom splits, releasing neutrons and energy.

17
Q

MOUNTAIN PASS-

A

A favorable location for a wind farm.

18
Q

WHAT IS THE PURPOSE OF A CATALYTIC CONVERTER-

A

To reduce ait pollution caused by auto emissions.

19
Q

EXAMPLES OF FOSSIL FUELS-

A

Coal, petroleum, and natural gas.

20
Q

RENEWABLE RESOURCES-

A

Fossil fuels that consists of compunds containing stored energy used by plants and animals millions of years ago.

21
Q

CARBON IS WHAT PERCENT OF BITUMINOUS COAL-

A

80%

22
Q

WHAT HAPPENED WHEN PREHISTORIC PLANTS AND MICRORGANSIMS DIES IN SHALLOW PREHISTORIC OCEANS AND LAKES-

A

Buried by sediments.

23
Q

AS BURIED SEDIMENTS ACCUMULATED ON OCEAN FLOORS AND LAKE BOTTOMS, WHAT HAPPENED TO THE SEDIMENTS-

A

Heat and pressure chemical changed it to fossil fuels.

24
Q

WHY DOES PERTROLEUM RISE ABOVE TRAPPED WATER BENEATH THE CAP ROCK-

A

Less dense/hydrophobic

25
Q

WHY DOES NATURAL GAS RISE ABOVE PETROLEUM BENEATH THE CAP ROCK-

A

Natural gas is less dense then both oil or water.

26
Q

UNREFINED OIL IS CALLED-

A

Crude oil.

27
Q

THE MOST ABUNDANT FOSSIL FUEL IN THE WORLD IS-

A

Coal.

28
Q

FIVE ITEMS FOR WHICH CRUDE IOL IS USED BESIDES FUEL-

A

Plastic, shampoo, medicine, waxes, detergents, and feterlizer.

29
Q

WHAT THREE COUNTRIES IS ALMOST TWO-THIRDS OF THE WORLD COAL FOUND-

A

USA, Russa, China.

30
Q

THE BASIS OF NUCLEAR TECHNOLOGY IS-

A

Striking atomic nuclei with high-energy particles.

31
Q

NUCLEAR ENERGY-

A

Energy produced by nuclear technologies.

32
Q

NUCLEAR FISSION-

A

Spltting the nucleas of a large atom into two more smaller nuclei.

33
Q

WHAT HAPPENED WHEN THE NUCLEUS OF AN ATOM SPLITS-

A

It releases additional neutrons as well as energy.

34
Q

NUCLEAR FUSION-

A

Occurs as newly released neutrons from an atomic reaction strike other nearby nuclei.

35
Q

HEAT ENERGY-

A

The process of nuclear fission releases a tremendous amout of heat energy.

36
Q

WHAT HAPPENS WHEN BUNDLES OF FUEL RODS ARE BOMBARED WITH NEUTRONS-

A

Nuclei splits a releases energy. (A LOT)

37
Q

IF WORLDWIDE ENERGY CONSUMPTION INCREASES AS PREDICTED, IN HOW MANY YEARS WILL THE WORLDS SUPPLY OF FOSSIL FUELS BE USED UP-

A

200 years.

38
Q

WHY IS NUCLEAR ENERGY NOT CONSIDERED THE BEST REPLACEMENT FOR FOSSIL FUELS-

A

Saftey concerns and waste products.

39
Q

WHICH PLAVE OBTAINS 85% OF ITS HOME HEATING FROM THE GEOTHERMAL POWER-

A

Iceland.

8th Social Studies (8 decks)

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