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Science study tool > science vocab86 > Flashcards

science vocab86 Flashcards

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1
Q

Science

A

“the search for knowledge”, the systematic knowledge of the physical or material world gained through observation and experimentation; science is dynamic - in a state of change as new discoveries are made

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2
Q

quantitative observation

A

use numbers or measurements to describe with one or more of your senses; senses may be enhanced with specialized instruments

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3
Q

qualitative observation

A

describe with one or more of your senses using the qualities of something like color; senses may be enhanced with specialized instruments

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4
Q

inference

A

logical process by which new statements are derived from known and observed facts; may or may not be true

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5
Q

procedure

A

steps used in the experiment

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6
Q

analysis

A

using math to make meaning of the data

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7
Q

controlled variables

A

keeping all the other variables the same except the independent variable

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8
Q

control

A

having a treatment in which nothing was done as a comparison for other treatments in an experiment

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9
Q

conclusion

A

a statement about your discoveries in the experiment

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10
Q

theory

A

a well supported explanation in science in which some aspects are still not fully understood

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11
Q

hypothesis

A

an educated guess or prediction that can be tested in science

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12
Q

scientific method

A

the logical process or series of steps by which scientist gather and verify information

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13
Q

scientific law

A

facts or a process well documented and understood in science

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14
Q

independent variable

A

manipulated variable - controlled by the scientist - graphed on the x-axis

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15
Q

dependent variable

A

responding variable - measured by the scientist - graphed on the y-axis

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16
Q

technology

A

using science to make useful things

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17
Q

SI

A

the International System of Units (metric system)

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18
Q

Kilo

A

1000

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19
Q

Hecto

A

100

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20
Q

deca

A

10

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21
Q

deci

A

.1

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22
Q

centi

A

.01

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23
Q

milli

A

.001

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24
Q

Cells

A

Basic unit of life; smallest structural unit of an organism that is capable of functioning independently

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25
Q

Eukaryotic Cells

A

Cells that have a distinct, membrane-bound nucleus

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26
Q

Fuel

A

Something that gives nourishment; food

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27
Q

Molecule

A

The smallest physical unit of an element or compound, consisting of one or more like atoms in an element and two or more different atoms in a compound

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28
Q

Organelle

A

A specialized subunit (cell organ) within a cell that has a specific function and is usually separately enclosed with its own lipid layer

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29
Q

Prokaryotic Cells

A

Cells without a nucleus

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30
Q

Respiration

A

The process in which nutrients are converted into useful energy in a cell

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31
Q

Thermal Energy

A

The movement of atoms and molecules; portion of energy that is responsible for a system’s temperature

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32
Q

Alcohol

A

An organic compound that is a volatile, flammable, colorless liquid that can be consumed by humans and in other forms used in thermometers, as a solvent, and as a fuel.

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33
Q

Dietary Habits

A

The decisions an individual makes when choosing what foods to

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34
Q

Digestion

A

Process by which food is broken up physically, by action of teeth, and chemically, by action of enzymes, and converted into a substance suitable for absorption into the body.

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35
Q

Respiration

A

The process in which nutrients are converted into useful energy in a cell; process where organisms take in oxygen and release carbon dioxide

36
Q

Tobacco Product

A

processed from the leaves of a plant, it can be consumed, used as a drug, pesticide, and in some medicines.

37
Q

Toxic Substance

A

Any chemical or mixture that may be harmful to the environment and to human health if inhaled, swallowed, or absorbed through the skin

38
Q

Antibiotics

A

drug that kills bacteria and cures bacterial infections and diseases

39
Q

Bacteria

A

domain of prokaryotes, some of which cause human diseases. Lacks a nucleus.

40
Q

Disease

A

An abnormal functioning of the body or part of body, sometimes caused by infections.

41
Q

Fungi

A

kingdom in the domain Eukarya that includes molds, mushrooms, and yeasts

42
Q

Host Cell

A

Cell of species that is harmed in a parasitic relationship

43
Q

Microbiology

A

The study of organisms which are too small to see without a microscope.

44
Q

Parasite

A

Organism that forms symbiotic relationship in which one species benefits while the other species is harmed

45
Q

Prevention

A

Methods of reducing the likelihood of contracting a disease. Methods of prevention depend on the organism that causes the disease.

46
Q

Treatment

A

The response to a disease provided through medical professionals

47
Q

Unicellular

A

An organism composed of one cell only

48
Q

Virus

A

A particle that cannot independently reproduce yet contains genetic information and can evolve. Viruses may cause disease in the host cell/organism

49
Q

Antimicrobial

A

Describing a substance that kills microbes in an effort to prevent the spread of a disease

50
Q

Epidemic

A

Occurs when the incidence rate of a disease is higher than expected in a certain area

51
Q

Microbes

A

Microscopic organisms

52
Q

Microbiology

A

The study of microscopic organisms

53
Q

Pandemic

A

An epidemic that spreads across a large area, like a continent

54
Q

Pathogen

A

Disease causing organism; “germ”

55
Q

Vector

A

Mechanisms or organisms (excluding humans) that spread diseases without showing symptoms

56
Q

Biotechnology

A

The use of living systems and organisms to develop or make useful products. For thousands of years, humankind has used biotechnology in agriculture, food production and medicine

57
Q

Adhesion

A

the tendency of water to stick to other substances

58
Q

Buoyancy

A

the ability of a fluid to exert an upward force on an object that is immersed in the fluid

59
Q

Capillary Action

A

the process that moves water through a narrow porous space

60
Q

Cohesion

A

the attractive force between water molecules

61
Q

Insoluble

A

not soluble; will not dissolve

62
Q

Polarity

A

uneven distribution of charges across a molecule

63
Q

Soluble

A

having the ability to be dissolved in another substance

64
Q

Surface Tension

A

the force that acts on the particles at the surface of a material

65
Q

Universal Solvent

A

the quality of water that makes it able to dissolve more substances that any other solvent can

66
Q

Condensation

A

the process of warm air cooling as it rises and releasing moisture in the form of a liquid

67
Q

Evaporation

A

the process by which a liquid is changed into a vapor from the surface by gaining energy

68
Q

Groundwater

A

water located below Earth’s surface in aquifers

69
Q

Hydrosphere

A

the portion of the Earth that contains water; all the water on the earth

70
Q

Impermeable

A

does not allow water to move through

71
Q

Infiltration

A

water that seeps into rocks and between particles of soil; see percolation

72
Q

Percolation

A

the downward movement of water through pores and other spaces in soil due to gravity

73
Q

Permeable

A

having pores or openings that allow water(or other liquids) to flow through them

74
Q

Precipitation

A

the rain, snow, sleet or hail that falls from clouds onto the Earth’s land and oceans

75
Q

Runoff

A

is precipitation that flows over land into streams and rivers. This water later enters oceans.

76
Q

Surface Water

A

water found on the surface of the Earth

77
Q

Aquifer

A

an underground layer of rock or soil that holds water

78
Q

Drought

A

a long period of scarce rainfall

79
Q

Ecological Address

A

For Raleigh -the Neuse River Basin

80
Q

Glaciers

A

a large mass of moving ice and snow on land

81
Q

Hydrology

A

the study of water

82
Q

Icebergs

A

a large floating mass of freshwater ice detached from a glacier

83
Q

Reservoir

A

a man made lake that stores water for human use

84
Q

River Basin

A

the region of land drained by a large river and its tributaries

85
Q

Watershed

A

the land area that supplies water to a river system from smaller areas

86
Q

Tsunami

A

a seismic sea wave

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