Science Vocab Quiz Flashcards
Passing of physical characteristics from parent to offspring
Heredity
A specific characteristic
Trait
Scientific study of heredity
Genetics
Occurs when sperm meets egg and join. New organism
Fertilization
Pollen from same flower pollinates itself (form of asexual reproduction)
Self-Pollination
Pollen from another/different flower fertilizes another flower
Cross- Pollination
Organism is the offspring of many generations that have the same form of the trait
Purebred
Basic unit of heredity. Occupies a specific location on a chromosome and controls a specific trait. Made up of 2 alleles
Gene
Different forms of factors/genes
Allele
Trait that always shows
Dominant Allele
Hidden when dominant is present
Recessive Allele
Two different alleles for a gene. Also called Heterozygous
Hybrid
Physical appearance of an organism. Visible traits. [tall or short]
Phenotype
Genetic makeup or its alleles
Genotype
Number that describes how likely it is that an event will occur
Probability
Containing 2 different alleles for a trait (1 dominant allele and 1 recessive allele)
Heterozygous
Containing 2 identical alleles for a trait
Homozygous
Related, having the same position, or structure
Homologous
Non-somatic cells. Sex cells, sperm and egg
Gamete
Containing a full set of chromosomes. Both homologous
Diploid
Containing half set of chromosomes. One homologous chromosome,
Haploid
Occurs when one allele is only partially dominant.
Incomplete Dominance
Occurs when both alleles for a gene are expressed equally
Codominance
Occurs when more than one gene affects a trait. The alleles for the different genes work together to produce those traits
Polygenic Inheritance
