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Biology Vocab 2016 > Science Vocab > Flashcards

Science Vocab Flashcards

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1
Q

The proposed scientific explanation for a set of observations

A

Hypothesis

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2
Q

Ideas that have been supported over time

A

Theory

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3
Q

Observed factor that may change in response to the other variable (outcome)

A

Dependent Variable

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4
Q

The factor that is purposely changed in an experiment

A

Independent Variable

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5
Q

A group of subjects, closely resembling the experiment group but not receiving the factor under study, which serves as a comparison to the experimental group

A

Control Group

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6
Q

A group of subjects which receive the factor under study

A

Experimental Group

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7
Q

The smallest unit of an organism that can be considered to be alive

A

Cell

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8
Q

Any physical or chemical input that is sensed

A

Stimulus

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9
Q

The process by which organisms keep their internal body conditions fairly constant to survive

A

Homeostasis

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10
Q

A change in a kind of organism of time

A

Evolution

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11
Q

The basic unit of matter

A

Atom

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12
Q

The positively charged particle found in the nucleus of an atom

A

Proton

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13
Q

The negatively charged particle found outside the nucleus of an atom

A

Electron

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14
Q

A pure substance that consists entirely of one type of atom

A

Element

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15
Q

A group of atoms bonded together forming the smallest fundamental unit of different chemical substances

A

Molecule

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16
Q

Atoms of the same element with different numbers of neutrons

A

Isotopes

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17
Q

An attraction between two or more atoms resulting in the formation of different chemical substances

A

Chemical Bonding

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18
Q

Changes in chemical substances involving bond breaking and/or bond forming resulting in different chemical substances

A

Chemical Reaction

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19
Q

A positively or negatively charged atom

A

Ion

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20
Q

The particle with no charged particle found in the nucleus of an atom

A

Neutron

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21
Q

Formed when one or more electrons are transferred form one atom to another

A

Ionic Bond

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22
Q

Forms when electrons are shared between atoms

A

Covalent Bond

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23
Q

The electrons in the outer shell or energy level that are available for bonding

A

Valence Electrons

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24
Q

The measure of acidity or alkalinity of a solution

A

pH

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25
Q

A substance that dissolves in water to release a hydrogen ion (H+)

A

Acid

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26
Q

A substance that dissolves in water to release a hydroxide ion (OH-)

A

Base

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27
Q

The nucleic acid that contains all genetic information for a cell

A

DNA

28
Q

The shape of DNA that resembles a spiral staircase or a twisted ladder

A

Double Helix

29
Q

The building block of living organisms that passes genetic information from one generation to the next

A

Nucleic Acid

30
Q

A monomer of nucleic acid; consisting of sugar, phosphate, and a nitrogen base

A

Nucleotide

31
Q

The molecule that is the major source of energy for an organism

A

Carbohydrates

32
Q

The monomer of carbohydrates

A

Glucose (sugar)

33
Q

The molecule needed for growth and repair

A

Protein

34
Q

The monomer of protein

A

Amino Acid

35
Q

A protein that speeds up biological reactions

A

Enzyme

36
Q

A set of chemical reactions in the cells of living organisms to sustain life

A

Metabolism

37
Q

The molecule that stores the energy and is the main structure of cell membranes

A

Lipid

38
Q

The substance in which the solute is dissolved in a solution

A

Solvent

39
Q

The substance that is dissolved in a solution

A

Solute

40
Q

A cell that contains a nucleus

A

Eukaryotic

41
Q

A cell that does not contain a nucleus

A

Prokaryotic

42
Q

Subcellular structures (cell parts)

A

Organelle

43
Q

A cell organelle that makes protein

A

Ribosomes

44
Q

A cell organelle that converts food into cell energy

A

Mitochondria

45
Q

Cell structure that controls what enters and leaves the cell

A

Cell Membrane

46
Q

A property of biological membranes that allows some substances to pass across, while others cannot

A

Selectively Permeable

47
Q

Cell structure found outside the cell membrane in plants, algae, fungi, and some bacteria that provides support and protection

A

Cell Wall

48
Q

The organelle found in some organisms that carries out photosynthesis

A

Chloroplast

49
Q

The fluid portion of a cell’s interior

A

Cytoplast

50
Q

The organelle that controls the cell by producing proteins and contains all genetic material

A

Nucleus

51
Q

The organelle that is used to store materials

A

Vacuole

52
Q

The movement of materials into, out of, or within of a cell

A

Cellular Transport

53
Q

Type of cell transport that does not require energy (e.g Diffusion and Osmosis)

A

Passive Transport

54
Q

The movement of particles move from an higher concentration to an area of lower concentration through a selectively permeable membrane

A

Diffusion

55
Q

The diffusion of water through a selectively permeable membrane

A

Osmosis

56
Q

Type of cell transport that does not require energy

A

Active Transport

57
Q

The process that releases energy by breaking down glucose in the presence of oxygen

A

Cellular Respiration

58
Q

The process by which plants and some organisms use light energy to convert water and carbon dioxide into oxygen and glucose

A

Photosynthesis

59
Q

The process of making proteins

A

Protein Synthesis

60
Q

The process by which a cell divides into two new daughter cells

A

Cell Division

61
Q

The process by which the nucleus is divided into two identical nuclei

A

Mitosis

62
Q

The scientific study of heredity

A

Genetics

63
Q

The tendency of individual genetic characteristics in a population to differ from one another

A

Genetics

64
Q

The chemical factor that determines a trait

A

Gene

65
Q

Any change in DNA

A

Mutation

66
Q

The alternate forms of a gene

A

Alleles

Biology Vocab 2016 (2 decks)

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