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semester exams 1 > science vocab > Flashcards

science vocab Flashcards

1
Q

science

A

the study of nature

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2
Q

physical science

A

the study of matter and energy

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3
Q

matter

A

anything that has mass and volume (takes up space)

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4
Q

energy

A

the ability to do work or cause change

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5
Q

mass

A

the amount of matter in an object

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6
Q

work

A

the transfer of energy in which a force is put on an object and the object moves in the direction of the force

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7
Q

scientific method

A

a set of steps used to solve a problem

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8
Q

hypothesis

A

an educated guess based made from previous observations and knowledge

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9
Q

volume

A

the amount of space an object takes up

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10
Q

variable

A

any factor that can make a change in the results of an experiment

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11
Q

technology

A

the application of science to help people

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12
Q

theory

A

an explanation of an event based on observations and experiment

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13
Q

law

A

a statement that tells us what happens in an event

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14
Q

temperature

A

the measure of the average kinetic energy of the atoms in an object

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15
Q

density

A

mass per unit volume of a material

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16
Q

model

A

something created to represent an idea

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17
Q

graph

A

a visual display of information used to explain an idea of concept

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18
Q

speed

A

the distance an object travels over a period of time

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19
Q

velocity

A

the distance an object travels over time and the objects direction

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20
Q

acceleration

A

the change in velocity of an object over time

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21
Q

g

A

the acceleration of a falling object due to gravity in a vacuum (9.8 m/s)

22
Q

momentum

A

a property of an object based on the object’s mass and velocity

23
Q

projectile

A

any object thrown/shot through the air

24
Q

gravity

A

a force between any objects dependent on the mass of the objects, often defined as a downward force on all objects

25
Q

force

A

any push or pull on an object

26
Q

balanced force

A

equal forces but in opposite direction (Net force will be zero)

27
Q

unbalanced force

A

a force that is greater in one direction (Net force will be greater than zero)

28
Q

Net force

A

the sum of all the forces acting on an object

29
Q

friction

A

the force that opposes the motion between two surfaces in contact

30
Q

vacuum

A

an area without air

31
Q

air resistance

A

the friction caused by the force of air acting on an object opposing the objects motion

32
Q

terminal velocity

A

the highest velocity a falling object will reach due to the forces of gravity and air resistance becoming balanced

33
Q

inertia

A

the resistance of an object to any change in its motion (often talked about with Newton’s first law of Motion)

34
Q

free-fall

A

when an object falls free from air resistance

35
Q

weight

A

the measurement of the gravitational force of an object’s mass

36
Q

centripetal force

A

a force from the center that makes an object move in a curved or circular path

37
Q

machine

A

a device used to make work easier

38
Q

power

A

the rate at which work is done

39
Q

efficiency

A

a measure of how much work put into a machine is changed into useful work output by the machine

40
Q

ideal machine

A

a theoretical machine in which the (Win) amount of work put into the machine is equal to the (Wout) work you get out of the machine (Win=Wout)

41
Q

mechanical advantage

A

a machine’s ability to make work easier by making output force (Fout) greater than input force (Fin)

42
Q

kinetic energy

A

the energy of an object due to the object’s motion

43
Q

potential energy

A

the energy of an object at rest or energy stored by an object

44
Q

calorie

A

a unit that measures the energy in food

45
Q

thermal energy

A

the total energy of an object including both kinetic (temperature) and potential (mass)

46
Q

nuclear fusion

A

the production of energy from the collisions between nuclei of atoms

47
Q

nuclear fission

A

the production of energy from the splitting of a uranium nuclei

48
Q

fossil fuels

A

the energy sources found within the earth formed from the decay of plants and animals millions of years ago

49
Q

renewable energy resource

A

energy resources that can be produced as quickly as they are used

50
Q

non-renewable energy resources

A

resources that are used up quicker than they can be made

51
Q

photovoltaic cells

A

devices that convert light energy to electricity (as seem on solar calculators)

semester exams 1 (6 decks)

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