SCIENCE UNIT TEST VOCAB Flashcards
non mechanical system
Procedure or process designed to perform a task along with the people involved.
component
part of a system
consumer
: individual who uses the goods or services provided by a system
productivity
amount of output that is produced per unit of time
automated system
replacement of human workers with machines that are controlled by a computer.
criteria
standard rule or est on which a decision or judgment can be made
quantitative assesement
analysis of numerical data
qualitative
analysis made by observation
mechanism
combination of simple machines working together to perform a specific function
simple machine
machine that requires the application of a single force to do work
lever
simple machine that is made up of a rigid bar supported at one point, the fulcrum
pulley
simple machine consisting of a grooved wheel with a rope or cable looped around it. Can change the direction of the force or increase the output force, depending on whether it’s fixed or movable.
inclined plane
simple machine consisting of a sloping surface on which an object can move
screw
simple machine consisting of an inclined plane wrapped around à rod.
wedge
simple machine consisting of an inclined plane that travels through an object or material.
wheel and axle
Simple machine consisting of a shaft or axle that is attached to à larger disk called the wheel.
efficiency
Measurement of the useful work done by a machine compared to the work needed to operate the machine.
system
Group of individual parts or procedures that work together as a complex whole to accomplish a desired task
force
Push or pull that acts on an object ; measured in newtons
mechanical system
Group of physical parts that interact with each other and function as à whole in order to complete à task
contact force
Force that acts between objects that are touching
action at a distance force
Force that can push or pull an object without touching it. Also called a non-contact force.
gravity
Force of attraction between two objects because of their mass.
weight
Amount of force on an object due to gravity
mass
Amount of matter in an object.
spring scale
Most common force meter. Consists of à spring with à hook on the end. As more force is applied to the hook, the spring stretches farther
work
Amount of effort expended when à force causes an object to move à distance and energy is transferred
energy
ability to do work
gravitational potential energy
potential energy of an object that is able to fall
IMA
mechanical advantage of a machine that has no friction
machine
any mechanical system that reduces the force required to accomplish work
Kinetic energy : energy of an object in motion
mechanical system
group of physical parts that interact with each other and function as a whole in order to complete a task
mechanism
combination of simple machines working together to perform a specific function
non mechanical system
procedure or process designed to perform a task along with the people involved
output force
force that a machine applies to an object;symbolized by F OUl
potential energy
energy that is stored
pressure
amount of force applied to a given area
system
: group of individual parts or procedures that work together as a complex whole to accomplish à desired task
useful output force
work that a machine is designed to perform
weight
amount of force on an object due to gravity
